{"id":1190,"date":"2026-03-21T13:01:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T13:01:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/?p=1190"},"modified":"2026-03-21T14:14:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T14:14:10","slug":"70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer\/","title":{"rendered":"70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 Question and Answer Pdf in Hindi &amp; English"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer\/#70th_BPSC_Prelims_Re_Exam_04012025_MCQ_in_Hindi\" >70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 MCQ in Hindi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer\/#Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87\" >Download Pdf \ud83d\udc47<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer\/2\/#70th_BPSC_Prelims_Re_Exam_04012025_MCQ_in_English\" >70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 MCQ in English<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/70th-bpsc-prelims-re-exam-04-01-2025-question-and-answer\/2\/#Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87-2\" >Download Pdf \ud83d\udc47<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"70th_BPSC_Prelims_Re_Exam_04012025_MCQ_in_Hindi\"><\/span>70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 MCQ in Hindi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091a\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0940\u091c<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0907\u091c\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915)<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>3500 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u091f\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0940\u0938 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915<\/strong>) \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018\u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u2019 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>\u0926\u094b \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0940\u0932\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f (Cuneiform)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0917\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f, \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f-\u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u0943\u0939\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0925<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>321 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 <strong>\u091a\u093e\u0923\u0915\u094d\u092f (\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\/\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f)<\/strong> \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong>\u2019 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0930-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u0932\u094d\u0932\u092d\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u0932\u094d\u0932\u092d\u0940<\/strong> (\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924) \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0928 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928, \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e, \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u092e\u094d\u092d \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f <strong>\u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u2014 <strong>\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916, \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 <strong>\u0916\u0930\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0920\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u092e\u0947\u0907\u0915<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u0941\u0938\u093f\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0922\u093c \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e-\u0932\u0947\u0916<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 (\u091a\u093e\u0923\u0915\u094d\u092f)<\/strong> \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u0938\u093f\u092e\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e (\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930)\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0922\u093c \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e-\u0932\u0947\u0916<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e (\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u092c\u0902\u0917\u0928)<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f)<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>2400 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 (Dockyard)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0917\u094b\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094b\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 <strong>\u092e\u0928\u0915\u0947 (Beads), \u0936\u0902\u0916 \u0906\u092d\u0942\u0937\u0923, \u0924\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/strong> \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915), \u092b\u093e\u0930\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0941\u0939\u093e\u2019 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1954-1958 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a <strong>\u090f\u0938. \u0906\u0930. \u0930\u093e\u0935<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0925\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0908\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0915\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u0932-\u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f \u0935\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091d\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0917\u0922\u093c \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0917\u0922\u093c\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u0932\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0932\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0932\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 (4\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0947 6\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0917\u0922\u093c (\u0932\u0932\u093f\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0926\u0936\u093e\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930<\/strong> \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u093e\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093e\u091c (\u0917\u0922\u093c\u0935\u093e) \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f, \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924, \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u2018\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939\u2019 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u094d\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0915\u092c\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u0932\u092c\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0936<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0917\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u0932\u092c\u0928 (1266-1287 \u0908.)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0936 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u0932\u092c\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Divine Right Theory)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u2018\u091c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947-\u0907\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0940\u2019 \u092f\u093e \u2018\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939\u2019 (\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e)<\/strong> \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f (\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0924-\u090f-\u0916\u0941\u0926\u093e\u0908) \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0938\u093f\u091c\u0926\u093e (\u091d\u0941\u0915\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u092e) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u092c\u094b\u0938 (\u092a\u0948\u0930 \u091a\u0942\u092e\u0928\u093e)<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0915\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u2018\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939\u2019 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092c\u0932\u092c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u2018\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916-\u090f-\u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940\u2019 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0936\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c \u0905\u092b\u0940\u0915<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092f\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e\u091c \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018<strong>\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916-\u090f-\u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/strong>\u2019 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u0930\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u092e\u094d\u0938-\u090f-\u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c \u0905\u092b\u0940\u092b<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0924\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0930-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0942\u091f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0942\u091f<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u092f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093e\u092e, \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e\u0923<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u092e\u0926\u0917\u093f\u0930\u093f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924, \u0930\u093e\u092e\u0918\u093e\u091f, \u092d\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092a \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0942\u091f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u2018\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u094d\u0926\u092e\u2019 \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u092a\u0902\u091a<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u2018\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u094d\u0926\u092e\u2019 (Muqaddam)<\/strong> \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0930\u092a\u0902\u091a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u2018\u0916\u0941\u0924\u2019<\/strong> \u092f\u093e <strong>\u2018\u091a\u094c\u0927\u0930\u0940\u2019<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u094d\u0926\u092e \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 (\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928) \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e-\u091c\u094b\u0916\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092a\u091f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (b) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u2018\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u094d\u0926\u092e\u2019 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u092a\u0902\u091a \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0941\u0932 (\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939) \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u092c \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) 1857-58<br>&nbsp;(b) 1858-59<br>&nbsp;(c) 1855-56<br>&nbsp;(d) 1854<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0941\u0932 (Santhal Rebellion)<\/strong> \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1855-1856<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u093e \u2014 <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u091b\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u091d \u0924\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0942 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0942 \u092e\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0942<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 <strong>\u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926, \u092d\u0948\u0930\u0935, \u092b\u0942\u0932\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u091d\u093e\u0928\u094b<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u0917\u0928\u093e\u2019 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 1917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0938<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u091f\u0947\u0932<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 (1917)<\/strong> \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092c\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u2018\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0915\u0920\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u2019<\/strong> \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0947 <strong>3\/20 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0928\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0942\u092c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0932<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u0915 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0930\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091a\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0930\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0940 (\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921)<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>1895 \u0938\u0947 1900<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0909\u0932\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0928<\/strong>\u2019 (\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0930\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0939\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u2018\u092c\u094b\u0902\u0917\u093e\u2019 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u090f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 (\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u094b\u0902\u0917\u093e)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f-\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0926\u0916\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1908<\/strong> \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 1939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092b\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u092c \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u092c\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u092e \u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091c\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0938<\/strong> 1938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926\u0935\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u092d\u093f \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e\u0930\u092e\u0948\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0924\u092d\u0947\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0924\u092d\u0947\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 1939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092b\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u0938\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u0926\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u092c\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1885 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0926\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u092c\u091c\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 27-30 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0930, 1887 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0925\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. \u0915\u0941\u0901\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/td><td>1. \u092b\u0948\u091c\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. \u0939\u091c\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0932<\/td><td>2. \u092c\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0930<\/td><td>3. \u091c\u0917\u0926\u0940\u0936\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. \u092e\u094c\u0932\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e<\/td><td>4. \u0932\u0916\u0928\u090a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3<br>&nbsp;(b) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4<br>&nbsp;(c) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0941\u0901\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/strong> 1857 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u0917\u0926\u0940\u0936\u092a\u0941\u0930 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930)<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0947\u0917\u092e \u0939\u091c\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0932<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0932\u0916\u0928\u090a<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 1857 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092c\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u094c\u0932\u0935\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 <strong>\u092b\u0948\u091c\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 1857 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u2018\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0935\u0940. \u0921\u0940. \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0915\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u093e\u0932 \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0932\u0915<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0906\u0930. \u0938\u0940. \u092e\u091c\u0941\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u0940. \u0921\u0940. \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 1909 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u2018The Indian War of Independence, 1857\u2019<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 1857 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 1857 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u2018\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) 1802 \u0908. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) 1802 \u0908. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) 1800 \u0908. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) 1800 \u0908. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 10 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908, 1800 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930-\u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 <strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u0947\u0932\u0947\u091c\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u092b\u093e\u0930\u0938\u0940, \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0942\/\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0940)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0943\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0938\u0930\u093e\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0947\u092f\u094b<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093f\u092a\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u092f\u094b (1869-1872)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 14 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0930 1870 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u2018\u092e\u0947\u092f\u094b \u0930\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0936\u0928\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0930\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u091c\u0947\u0932, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0914\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u2018\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093e \u092b\u0941\u0932\u0947<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u0940. \u0906\u0930. \u0905\u0902\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093e \u092b\u0941\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 1873 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018<strong>\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940<\/strong>\u2019 (Gulamgiri) \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u0941\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940\u2019 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0924\u0940\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u092c\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092c\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092c\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1908<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0936 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u2018\u0906\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u091c\u0928\u0915\u2019 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u0924\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u092c\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 1919 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0905\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) 1920<br>&nbsp;(b) 1919<br>&nbsp;(c) 1918<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 (AITUC)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>31 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930, 1920<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0902\u092c\u0908 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u0928.\u090f\u092e. \u091c\u094b\u0936\u0940, \u0932\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u093e\u091c\u092a\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u092f, \u091c\u094b\u0938\u0947\u092b \u092c\u0948\u092a\u091f\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u091a\u092e\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0932\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u093e\u091c\u092a\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0947, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u091a\u092e\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1918-20 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u091f\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902, \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 AITUC \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0925\u093e \u2014 \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928, \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ILO) \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 AITUC \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0915\u092c \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) 12 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1835<br>&nbsp;(b) 12 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1836<br>&nbsp;(c) 02 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1835<br>&nbsp;(d) 01 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1835<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0925\u0949\u092e\u0938 \u092c\u0948\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u091f\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u2018\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f\u2019 <strong>2 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1835<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930-\u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 <strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915<\/strong> \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f (\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924, \u0905\u0930\u092c\u0940, \u092b\u093e\u0930\u0938\u0940) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092f (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940) \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u201c\u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092b \u092d\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0939\u0948\u0964\u201d<br>&nbsp;\u2022 7 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a, 1835 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0916\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u2014 \u201c&#8230; \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 &#8230;\u201d?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0926 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0930\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0926 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e\u094d\u0938<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0926 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 <strong>\u2018\u0926 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0930\u0930\u2019<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 1886 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018\u0926 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0930\u0930\u2019 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>1861 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0936\u0935\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0916\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1885 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0916\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0916\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0924\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u091f\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>8 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932, 1929<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u091f\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u092e \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u2018<strong>\u0905\u0938\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0921<\/strong>\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u0935\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u2014 <strong>\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0932<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0932<\/strong>, \u091c\u094b \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u092e \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u091a\u094b\u091f \u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0947; \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 <strong>\u201c\u0907\u0902\u0915\u0932\u093e\u092c \u091c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926\u201d<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u092e \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u092b\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0940, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0902\u091a \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u091f\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091c\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0932\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0930 \u0937\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0938<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u0926\u0947\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 23 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a, 1931 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u093e\u0901\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0908 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0908. \u0938. 1922 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0939\u093e\u0915\u093f\u092e \u0905\u091c\u092e\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0901<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e <strong>1922 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 <strong>\u0926\u0947\u0936\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u091c\u092c <strong>\u0905\u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 (1920-22)<\/strong> \u091a\u094c\u0930\u0940-\u091a\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0920\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u2014 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094b\u0902 (\u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u2014 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u2018\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u2019 (Pro-Changers)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0940. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u091f\u0947\u0932, \u0921\u0949. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947 \u2014 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u2018\u0928\u094b-\u091a\u0947\u0902\u091c\u0930\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092b\u093e \u0926\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093e\u091c \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0914\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0924\u092d\u0947\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/td><td>3. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0930\u093e\u092e\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u092f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. \u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/td><td>2. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0940<\/td><td>4. \u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/td><td>1. \u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4<br>&nbsp;(b) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1<br>&nbsp;(c) a-3, b-2, c-1, d-4<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1828 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0930\u093e\u092e\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u092f<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1897 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e 1905 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0935\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong> 19\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I \u0915\u094b 1857 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. \u0935\u0940. \u0921\u0940. \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0915\u0930<\/td><td>1. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. \u090f\u0938. \u090f\u0928. \u0938\u0947\u0928<\/td><td>4. \u0905\u0920\u093e\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u094c \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. \u090f\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/td><td>2. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. \u090f\u0938. \u092c\u0940. \u091a\u094c\u0927\u0930\u0940<\/td><td>3. \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3<br>&nbsp;(b) a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4<br>&nbsp;(c) a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u0940. \u0921\u0940. \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/strong>\u2019 (The Indian War of Independence, 1857) \u092e\u0947\u0902 1857 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0938. \u090f\u0928. \u0938\u0947\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0905\u0920\u093e\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u094c \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928<\/strong>\u2019 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 1857 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c<\/strong>\u2019 (The Peasant and the Raj) \u092e\u0947\u0902 1857 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0938. \u092c\u0940. \u091a\u094c\u0927\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong>\u2019 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1857 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0921\u0932\u0939\u094c\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (Doctrine of Lapse) \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091c\u092f\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0921\u0932\u0939\u094c\u091c\u0940 (1848\u20131856)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093e (1848), \u091c\u0948\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0930 (1849), \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 (1849), \u092c\u0918\u093e\u091f (1850), \u0909\u0926\u092f\u092a\u0941\u0930 (1852), \u091d\u093e\u0901\u0938\u0940 (1854) \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 (1854)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0935\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f 1856 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0915\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u092f\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0906\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092b\u094c\u091c (INA) \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u090f\u0938. \u090f. \u0921\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0947<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0938\u0939\u0917\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0936\u093e\u0939\u0928\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0916\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0906\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092b\u094c\u091c (Indian National Army)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u094b\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0937 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0938 (\u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u091c\u0940)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0915\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0928\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0916\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0938\u0939\u0917\u0932<\/strong> INA \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0947 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0926\u092e\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0938. \u090f. \u0921\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0947<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0947, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e INA \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928<\/td><td>4. \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. \u092e\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e<\/td><td>2. \u090f\u092e. \u0935\u0940\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0918\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. \u092c\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928<\/td><td>1. \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. \u092a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092d\u093e<\/td><td>3. \u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0921\u0947<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4<br>&nbsp;(b) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3<br>&nbsp;(c) a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 (1876, \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e (1884)<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u090f\u092e. \u0935\u0940\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0918\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 (1885)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092d\u093e (1870\/1872)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0935 \u0917\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0921\u0947<\/strong> \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u2018Poverty and Un-British Rule in India\u2019 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 1901 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u0938. \u090f\u0928. \u092c\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0906\u0930. \u0938\u0940. \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092b\u0940\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0939\u0924\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e 1901 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u2018\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u2019 (Drain Theory)<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0948\u0915\u0947\u0902\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u0949\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>1793 \u0908. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924 (Permanent Settlement) \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (citizens + foreigners)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14 (\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 21 (\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 25 (\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e)<\/strong> \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0947 \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 19<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u2014 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 19(1)(g)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 15, 16, 19, 29 \u0914\u0930 30<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e (Tropic of Cancer)<\/strong> 23\u00b030\u2032 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 <strong>8 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0940\u0924\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0909\u091c\u094d\u091c\u0948\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092a\u0948\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0948\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0926\u0941\u092e\u0915-\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0915<br>&nbsp;(c) \u090f\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u091c \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092a\u0948\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0948\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u0941\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932, \u0917\u0941\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093e, \u0938\u0942\u0930\u0940\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0917\u0941\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>1.8 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong> (\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0932) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 <strong>\u090f\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u091c \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0948\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0948\u092e\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0906\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong>, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/strong>, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<\/strong>, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093f\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>913 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0908 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u2014<br>&nbsp;\u091d\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940, \u0932\u0932\u093f\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0926\u093e (\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0930, \u092d\u093f\u0902\u0921, \u091b\u0924\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u0938\u0924\u0928\u093e, \u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e (\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936)\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940-\u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u2013\u0926\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u2013\u0926\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u2013\u0926\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0924\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>576 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) 131\u00b0 \u092a.<br>&nbsp;(b) 161\u00b0 \u092a.<br>&nbsp;(c) 151\u00b0 \u092a.<br>&nbsp;(d) 141\u00b0 \u092a.<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>141\u00b0 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 (141\u00b0 W longitude)<\/strong> \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e (\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>1825 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u0938\u2013\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1867 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f 1000 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 3 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f 1000 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 4 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f 1000 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 2 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f 1000 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 1 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0930 (Infant Mortality Rate &#8211; IMR)<\/strong> \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f <strong>1000 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 <strong>1 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092f\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930, \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943-\u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0930 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2020 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>28 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e<\/strong> \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 (NRHM), \u091c\u0928\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e, \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0927\u0928\u0941\u0937<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091a\u0932\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0932\u0948\u0923\u094d\u0921<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u2018\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u2019 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 \u0906\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u0907\u0902\u0917, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0923, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0906\u0907\u0938 \u0939\u0949\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0938\u0947 \u0922\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091d\u0940\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e, \u091c\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0947\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u093f\u0930\u0925\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u0932\u092c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u091c<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091f\u093e\u0930\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092a\u094b\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091f\u093e\u0930\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 (Taurus Mountains)<\/strong> \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930<\/strong> \u092b\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0921\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0915 (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 3756 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0938 (Tigris) \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0940\u0938 (Euphrates)<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f\u0932\u0948\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0938\u092e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0928\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0932\u0948\u0923\u094d\u0921<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u2018\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u2019 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0930\u0940-\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u091d\u0940\u0932\u0947\u0902, \u091d\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0920\u0902\u0921\u093e, \u0927\u0941\u0902\u0927\u0932\u093e \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u091a\u0947\u0930\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u093f\u0928\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0932\u0935\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e (\u0913\u0921\u093f\u0936\u093e)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u2018\u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0932\u0935\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u2019 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>40% \u092d\u093e\u0917<\/strong> \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915, \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e, \u092c\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f, \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940\u091c, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0907\u091f, \u0905\u092d\u094d\u0930\u0915, \u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0930\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0924\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0906\u0932\u0942<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f (Grey Revolution)<\/strong> \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 (Fertilizers) \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>IFFCO (Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>National Fertilizers Limited (NFL)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u2014<br>&nbsp;<strong>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u2192 \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928<br>&nbsp;<strong>\u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u2192 \u0924\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<br>&nbsp;<strong>\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u2192 \u0906\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(a) 6500 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) 7500 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) 5500 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0939\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e (Snow Line)<\/strong> \u0935\u0939 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092d\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b \u091c\u092e\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4800 \u0938\u0947 6000 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0936, \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0920\u0928 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2000) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0906\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0906\u092f\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0928\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0930\u092c\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0928 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0906\u092f\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932 (Lake Eyre \/ Kati Thanda\u2013Lake Eyre)<\/strong> \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0930\u092c\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 (Nullarbor Plain)<\/strong> \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e-\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928\/\u0938\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<\/strong> \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0928 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 (Seluyin Valley)<\/strong> \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u2013\u092e\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u092e\u093e\u0930\u2013\u0925\u093e\u0908\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0917\u094b\u092c\u0940 : \u092e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 : \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0925\u093e\u0930 : \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e : \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0917\u094b\u092c\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u092e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0925\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u092c\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u093e, \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u2018\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 : \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u2019 \u092c\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c (\u0917\u0932\u0924) \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u0939\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0935 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0948\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e <strong>\u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 <strong>\u092e\u0948\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0936 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0921\u093e\u0932\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924-\u092a\u0926\u0940\u092f<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924-\u092a\u0926\u0940\u092f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0921\u093e\u0932\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u091f<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0924\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0916\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924 (Indented) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f<\/strong> (\u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0942\u092c \u0917\u0908\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924-\u092a\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0924\u091f<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0921\u093f\u0935\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u093f\u092e\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0921\u093f\u0935\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a (Divi Island \/ Diviseema)<\/strong> \u0906\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 (distributaries) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0942-\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948; 1977 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0928-\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u0940\u091c \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u094b\u0907\u0938\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0928\u0940\u0932\u092e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0918\u0928\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 (Engineered \/ Lab-grown Diamonds)<\/strong> \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition)<br><\/strong>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f (Graphite)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092e\u094b\u0907\u0938\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (simulants) \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0936\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0936\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u092a\u0940\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0923\u0940 (basin) \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 (Glacial erosion)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 (Fluvial erosion)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091d\u0947\u0932\u092e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0930\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>1600 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong>, \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>135 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>32 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u2014 <strong>\u091d\u0947\u0932\u092e \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong>, \u091c\u094b \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0924\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00a0\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0\u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0935\u0928 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 4<br>(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<br>(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br>(d) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 3<br>Answer: a<br>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Renewable Energy)<\/strong> \u0935\u0939 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (1)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u0935\u0928 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (4)<\/strong> \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f (2)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (3)<\/strong> \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0936\u094d\u092e \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014 \u0938\u094c\u0930, \u092a\u0935\u0928, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924, \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e, \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0942-\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938 \u0917\u0948\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 <strong>2030 \u0924\u0915 500 \u0917\u0940\u0917\u093e\u0935\u093e\u091f \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u0930\u094c\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0925\u0941\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e (Gujarat Refinery)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0911\u092f\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 (IOCL)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u0940, \u0935\u0921\u094b\u0926\u0930\u093e (\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u2014 <strong>1965<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>18 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 (MMTPA)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932, \u0921\u0940\u091c\u093c\u0932, \u090f\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092b (Jet Fuel), \u0915\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0928, \u090f\u0932\u092a\u0940\u091c\u0940, \u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0906\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0924\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<br>&nbsp;(b) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 4<br>&nbsp;(c) 1, 3 \u0914\u0930 4<br>&nbsp;(d) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 368<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0915\u092e-\u0938\u0947-\u0915\u092e \u0906\u0927\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0928 (Ratification)<\/strong> \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 54, 55)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u2014 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0924\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 (Union, State, Concurrent List)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f (Article 169) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u094b\u0926\u0928\u0964<br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0901\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0924\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u2014 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 100(1)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u0924 (Casting Vote)<\/strong> \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 (Deadlock) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 96 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0940\u0920\u093e\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0924 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0915 \u092e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092d\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u0947\u0902<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e\u090f\u0901<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 54<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 61<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092d\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 (\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092d\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092d\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 360<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 365<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 356<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 352<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 352<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 (National Emergency) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927, \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u092f\u093e <strong>\u0938\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0916\u0924\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 44\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 (1978) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u201c\u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u201d \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u201c\u0938\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939\u201d \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 356 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 360 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 365 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091c\u0940.\u090f\u0938.\u091f\u0940. \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0947\u092f\u0930\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0947\u092f\u0930\u092e\u0948\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 279A<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u2014 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\/\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u091f\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e, \u091b\u0942\u091f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0935\u093e\u0926 (Cooperative Federalism) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f, \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0908\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0947\u090f\u0928\u092f\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0921\u0949. \u090f\u0938. \u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0921\u0949. \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0947. \u0906\u0930. \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0906\u0930. \u0935\u0947\u0902\u0915\u091f\u0930\u092e\u0928<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0947. \u0906\u0930. \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923\u0928<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092f\u093f\u0915, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u091a\u0940\u0928, \u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0908\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 <strong>\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f (JNU)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1992 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e 1997 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0926\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) 91\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) 86\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) 81\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>91\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 2003<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 164(1A) \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 <strong>15% \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 12 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 1946 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0949. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u0943\u0939<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 1946 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0915\u0948\u092c\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0921\u0949. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0942\u091d \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0932-\u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0935\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0906\u0920\u0935\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0926\u0938\u0935\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>52\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (1985)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u0938\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940<\/strong> \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0932-\u092c\u0926\u0932 (Defection) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 91\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 (2003) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0916\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u0932-\u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f, \u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0917-IX (\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 243 \u0938\u0947 243-O)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 243B<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f (Three-tier) \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Gram Panchayat)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940\/\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Panchayat Samiti \/ Block Level)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Zila Parishad)<br><\/strong>\u00a0\u2022 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e <strong>20 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 73\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1992 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 131<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0915 (Original) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 (Exclusive) \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><br><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) 25, 30 \u090f\u0935\u0902 35<br>&nbsp;(b) 25, 35 \u090f\u0935\u0902 45<br>&nbsp;(c) 25, 30 \u090f\u0935\u0902 30<br>&nbsp;(d) 25, 35 \u090f\u0935\u0902 35<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 84<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 <strong>25 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong>\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 <strong>30 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong>\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 58(1)(b)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 <strong>35 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u094b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 (\u092c\u091c\u091f) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 113<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 114<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 112<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 111<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 112<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 (Annual Financial Statement)<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (Receipts)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f (Expenditure)<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u091c\u091f<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 113 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 114 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 111 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>(a) \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947<br>(b) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>(c) \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947<br>(d) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 253<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 (State List)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0928\u0915\u0926 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u0915\u0926 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Cash Reserve Ratio \u2013 CRR)<\/strong> \u0935\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091c\u092e\u093e (Net Demand and Time Liabilities \u2013 NDTL)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0915\u0926 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 (RBI) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u090b\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>CRR \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 RBI<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (Monetary Policy) \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c RBI CRR \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u090b\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u092e \u0927\u0928 \u092c\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c CRR \u0918\u091f\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0927\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090b\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 CRR \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4%<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 (\u0926\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f-\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948)\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0928\u0915\u0926 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u093e\u0916 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0926\u0930<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (Fiscal Policy)<\/strong> \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u092f (Revenue) \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f (Expenditure) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0930 (Taxation)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0909\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 (Borrowing)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930<\/strong> (\u0906\u092f\u0915\u0930, \u0915\u0949\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u091f\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930<\/strong> (GST, \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915)<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0928\u0915\u0926 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (CRR), \u0938\u093e\u0916 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e (Credit Ceiling) \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0926\u0930 (Bank Rate) \u092e\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 RBI \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0943\u091c\u0928, \u0906\u092f \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0901\u091f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u091c\u091f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 280<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0906\u0917\u092e\u094b\u0902 (Net Proceeds of Taxes) \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 (Fiscal Federalism)<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092c\u091c\u091f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Globalization)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936, \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1991 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d <strong>\u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Service Sector)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 (IT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0913 (Business Process Outsourcing)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 GDP \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>50% \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<br>(a) \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u2014 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br>(b) \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u2014 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br>(c) \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u2014 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br>(d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u2014 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e (1951-56) \u2014 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e (1956-61) \u2014 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0928\u094b\u092c\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924, \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e (1961-66) \u2014 <strong>\u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e (1969-74) \u2014 <strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e (1974-79) \u2014 <strong>\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 (d) \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u0947\u092a\u094b \u0930\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u090b\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 (RBI)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e (Currency Issue)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u0930, \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u090b\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0915<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 (Repo Rate, CRR, SLR, Bank Rate \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<br>\u00a0\u2022 RBI \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090b\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0930\u0947\u092a\u094b \u0930\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 RBI \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 NNP \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 GNP \u2013 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 GNP<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u092f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>NNP (Net National Product)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f (Depreciation) \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c NNP \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (Factor Cost)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (National Income)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;NNP at Factor Cost = National Income<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u2014<br>&nbsp;NNP at Market Price \u2013 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 + \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 = NNP at Factor Cost<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f (NSO)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 \u0938\u0947 31 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u093f\u091a\u094c\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0906\u0936\u092f <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e (Land Ceiling)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 (Land Ceiling Act)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 (Land Reforms) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0925\u093e \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<br>\u00a0\u2022 1950\u201370 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e (Land Ceiling)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> UPI \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) Uninterrupted Payment Initiation<br>&nbsp;(b) Uniform Payment Inception<br>&nbsp;(c) Unified Payment Interface<br>&nbsp;(d) United Payment Initiation<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>UPI (Unified Payment Interface)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e (NPCI)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 2016 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>24\u00d77 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0910\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0916\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u090f\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 (VPA) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e<br>\u00a0\u2022 UPI \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0947\u091c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932-\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0940\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0940\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Steam Methane Reforming \u2013 SMR)<\/strong> \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0940\u0925\u0947\u0928 (CH\u2084)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a (H\u2082O) \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 (700\u20131000\u00b0C) \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;CH\u2084 + H\u2082O \u2192 CO + 3H\u2082<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u0932-\u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0936\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;CO + H\u2082O \u2192 CO\u2082 + H\u2082<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (CO\u2082) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f CO\u2082 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0932\u0942 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0935\u0928 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e) \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091f\u093e\u0930\u091f\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0932\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: d<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u0947 (Vinegar) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 (Acetic Acid)<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>CH\u2083COOH<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4\u20138% \u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0918\u094b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 <strong>\u0907\u0925\u0947\u0928\u0949\u0932 (Alcohol)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0923\u094d\u0935\u0928 (Fermentation) \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092c\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u092a\u0947\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 <strong>\u201c\u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u201d<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 A, B \u090f\u0935\u0902 C \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 0.5 V, -3 V \u090f\u0935\u0902 -1.2 V \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) A &gt; C &gt; B<br>&nbsp;(b) B &gt; C &gt; A<br>&nbsp;(c) C &gt; B &gt; A<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: b<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935 (Standard Electrode Potential)<\/strong> \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 (Negative)<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0915 (Reducing Agent)<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A = +0.5 V<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B = -3 V<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C = -1.2 V<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928 <strong>B (-3 V)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 C (-1.2 V) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 A (+0.5 V)\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u092a\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u2014 <strong>B > C > A<\/strong>\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (Buds)<\/strong> \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0908 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 (Axillary Buds)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0947 (Terminal Buds)<br><\/strong>\u00a0\u2022 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u0908 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092b\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0907\u0936\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0906\u0908. \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942.<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0924\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0939\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0907\u0936\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f (Ishihara Test)<\/strong> \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0937 (Color Blindness) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u0936\u093f\u0928\u094b\u092c\u0942 \u0907\u0936\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0902\u0917-\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 (Colored Dots) \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0930\u0902\u0917-\u0905\u0902\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u094b\u0937)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0947\u0930\u093e\u0928\u094b\u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0939\u0930\u093e \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u094b\u0937)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0918\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Capacitor) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0918\u093e\u0924 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u092a\u0947\u0938\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0930\u093f\u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0902\u0938 (Xc)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;<strong>Xc = 1 \/ (2\u03c0fC)<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 f = \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f (Frequency) \u0914\u0930 C = \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e (Capacitance)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f <strong>Xc \u221d 1\/f<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0918\u093e\u0924 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0918\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0918\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 \u0913\u092e (\u03a9) \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 1 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0901\u091f\u0940 \u0920\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0901\u091f\u0940 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0917\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u0917\u0932-\u092c\u0917\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f <strong>\u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 (Apical Meristem)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093e\u0901\u091f\u0940 \u0920\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948) \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f (\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0932\u092f (Annual Rings) \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0901\u091f\u0940 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0917\u0940, \u0935\u0939 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091a\u0948\u0928\u092e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0948\u0928\u093e \u0932\u0948\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u094b \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Light Reaction)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0925\u093e\u092f\u0932\u093e\u0915\u094b\u0907\u0921 \u091d\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902<br><br><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0927\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Dark Reaction \/ Calvin Cycle)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 CO\u2082 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092a\u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0942\u0915\u094b\u091c \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e-\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0918\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) Pd<br>&nbsp;(b) Fe<br>&nbsp;(c) Ni<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: c<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0943\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u093e \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Hydrogenation) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u0938<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 (Ni)<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0927 \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0939 \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u0930\u0942\u092a (\u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0918\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) Na<br>&nbsp;(b) BF\u2083<br>&nbsp;(c) H\u207a<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 (Electrophile) \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 BF\u2083 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 H\u207a (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0949\u0928) \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e (Na) \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\/\u0905\u092a\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 Na \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0924\u0928\u0942\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0924\u0928\u0942\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0924\u0928\u0942\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br>&nbsp;Answer: a<br>&nbsp;Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u094d\u092f (Strong Electrolyte) \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e (Specific Conductivity)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e (Molar Conductivity)<br><\/strong>\u00a0\u2022 \u0924\u0928\u0942\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong>\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0918\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u00a0\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0928\u0942\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0935\u094b \u0924\u0930\u0932\u094b\u0902 A \u0924\u0925\u093e B \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0924\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092a\u0940 \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0925\u0948\u0932\u092a\u0940 (\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928) \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 (Ideal Solution)<\/strong> \u0935\u0939 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0930\u0949\u0932\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Raoult\u2019s Law)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u0949\u0932\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u0926\u093e\u092c (Partial Vapour Pressure)<\/strong> \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u094b\u0932 \u0905\u0902\u0936 (Mole Fraction)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0925\u0948\u0932\u092a\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (\u0394H\u2098\u1d62\u2093) \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0394H\u2098\u1d62\u2093 = 0 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f <strong>\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f A-A, B-B \u0924\u0925\u093e A-B \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0905\u0923\u0941\u0915 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0932 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f A-B \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0932 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (\u0394V\u2098\u1d62\u2093) \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u0928 \u0924\u0930\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u091a\u0932\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) A, B, C \u090f\u0935\u0902 D \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 A \u0924\u0925\u093e B \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) A, B \u090f\u0935\u0902 C \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092f\u0915\u0943\u0924 (Liver)<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u093f \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 <strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0935\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u2014 A, D, E \u0914\u0930 K<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 \u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 A<\/strong> \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 D<\/strong> \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 E<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u091f<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 K<\/strong> \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 B\u2081\u2082<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 C<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u091c\u0926\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0932<\/strong> \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0935\u0947\u0917 (RMS Velocity)<\/strong> \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0917 (Escape Velocity)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0905\u0923\u0941 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e <strong>\u092a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 2.38 km\/s<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u092e \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0905\u0923\u0941 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0917\u0948\u0938\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0948\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0935\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0935\u093e \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091c\u0921\u093c<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u0932<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0941\u0928\u0948\u0928 (Quinine)<\/strong> \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0914\u0937\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0928\u093e (Cinchona) \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u0932 (Bark)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093f\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0948\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>Plasmodium falciparum<\/strong> \u092a\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092e (Quinism)<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0926\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0926, \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930, \u092e\u0924\u0932\u0940, \u0927\u0941\u0902\u0927\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c (Tinnitus) \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e (ACT)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u0921\u093c<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u0940\u091c<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u092e <strong>Curcuma longa<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u0947 (Underground Stem)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0926 (Rhizome)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0926 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0921\u093c \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u092c\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0927\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u0938\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0939\u0932\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u201c\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0923\u094d\u0921\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u0935\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0948\u0938 (Compressed Gas)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0926\u093e\u092c \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0924\u093e\u092a \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 (Liquefied Hydrogen)<\/strong> \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e (Pd)<\/strong> \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0917\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 <strong>\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u0938<\/strong> \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 (Fuel Cells) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0917\u0948\u0938\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u0948 \u2014 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u092c \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e (Resolving Power)<\/strong> \u0926\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>Resolving Power \u221d D\/\u03bb<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 D = <strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938<\/strong>, \u03bb = \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0926\u0948\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 (Angular Resolution)<\/strong> \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u092e \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u092a \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 100\u00b0C \u0924\u093e\u092a \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 100\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u092e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(b) \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u092e \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u092e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u0948<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u092e \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 100\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a (Steam) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092c\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e (Latent Heat of Vaporization)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0928\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0935\u0939 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0942\u092b \u0939\u0947\u0932\u092e\u0947\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091f\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0932\u0940\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0928\u093e\u0907\u0932\u094b\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u093e\u0930 (Kevlar)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0925\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a <strong>\u0924\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (High Tensile Strength)<\/strong> \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0942\u092b \u091c\u0948\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0932\u092e\u0947\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0942\u092b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0913\u0939\u094d\u092e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 SI \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 <strong>\u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e (Tesla)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e = <strong>1 \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 (Wb\/m\u00b2)<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 CGS \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 <strong>\u0917\u0949\u0938 (Gauss)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e = 10,000 \u0917\u0949\u0938\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0913\u0939\u094d\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0942 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0942 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092b\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(c) \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092b\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 (Anopheles) \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Malaria)<\/strong> \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>Plasmodium \u092a\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0926\u093e \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092b\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0938 (Encephalitis)<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092b\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930 <strong>\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0938 (Filariasis)<\/strong> \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u0943\u092e\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0906\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0909\u0920\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0921\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0942 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>Aedes \u092e\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0930<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0928\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u092b\u0947\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942.\u092c\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930.\u092c\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0906\u0930.\u092c\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e (Genetics)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e-\u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 <strong>\u091c\u0940\u0928 (Genes)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>ABO \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 ABO \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014 <strong>A, B, AB \u0914\u0930 O<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 (<strong>RBCs<\/strong>) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 (Antigen)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f RBC \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 A \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 A \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f B \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 B \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 A \u0914\u0930 B \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u094b \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 AB \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 O \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 <strong>Rh \u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b Rh+ \u092f\u093e Rh- \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u201c\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 (X-Rays)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924-\u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0930\u0902\u0917 (Electromagnetic Waves)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0926\u0948\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 <strong>\u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0923 (Charged Particle)<\/strong> \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0939\u0947\u092e \u0915\u0949\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0921 \u0930\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091f\u091c\u0928 (Wilhelm Roentgen)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 1895 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938-\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e, \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f L-1 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) 9<br>&nbsp;(b) 6<br>&nbsp;(c) 7<br>&nbsp;(d) 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0906\u0926\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f L-1 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 (Solar Mission)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ISRO)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 <strong>L1 \u0932\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091c \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 (Lagrange Point-1)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 L1 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>15 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932 <strong>7 \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921 (\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923)<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 <strong>4 \u0930\u093f\u092e\u094b\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u092f\u0930, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0936\u0947\u0937 <strong>3 \u0907\u0928-\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0942 \u092a\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0921<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e (Space Weather)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090b\u091c\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u090b\u091c\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 (Rectilinear Propagation of Light)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090b\u091c\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 <strong>\u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e (Shadow)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u090b\u091c\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (\u0907\u0938\u0930\u094b) \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0940. \u092e\u093e\u0927\u0935\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092f\u0942. \u0906\u0930. \u0930\u093e\u0935<br>&nbsp;(c) \u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094b\u092e\u0928\u093e\u0925<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0947. \u0938\u093f\u0935\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u0924\u0915 <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094b\u092e\u0928\u093e\u0925<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 <strong>15 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 2022<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (VSSC)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0915 \u0930\u0939 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3<\/strong> \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0906\u0926\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f-L1<\/strong> \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u0917\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong>, <strong>SSLV<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>RLV-LEX<\/strong> \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 M \u0915\u093f.\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e. \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 e \u0915\u0942\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0947 V \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u091c\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) eV<br>&nbsp;(b) VM<br>&nbsp;(c) MeV<br>&nbsp;(d) M<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936 q \u0915\u094b V \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2014 <strong>E = qV<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0936 <strong>e = 1.6 \u00d7 10\u207b\u00b9\u2079 \u0915\u0942\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u2014 <strong>E = e \u00d7 V = eV \u091c\u0942\u0932<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u0942\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 (M) \u0907\u0938 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u091c\u092c \u091f\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091f\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092c\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091f\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Immune System)<\/strong> \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0940-\u0932\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f (B-Cells)<\/strong> \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0940-\u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 (Antibodies)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u091c\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u091f\u0940-\u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940\u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092c\u0940-\u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e 3D \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u0949\u092c\u0915\u0949\u092a<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018<strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935<\/strong>\u2019 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e <strong>3D (\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f-\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940) \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 <strong>3D \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 3D \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0924-\u0926\u0930-\u092a\u0930\u0924 (Layer by Layer) \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>\u0926\u094b \u092b\u0940\u091f \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>21 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u094b \u0915\u0948\u092e\u0930\u0947<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u094b\u0928<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (Artificial Intelligence)<\/strong> \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u2018\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u2019 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 A<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 D<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 K<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 (Water Soluble) \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 B \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 C<\/strong> \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948 <strong>\u0935\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 (Fat Soluble) \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 A, D, E \u0914\u0930 K<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 A, D \u0914\u0930 K \u0938\u092d\u0940 <strong>\u0935\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0938\u093e \u090a\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0927\u0947\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0926\u0930\u092d\u0902\u0917\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Madhubani Painting)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915, \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f<\/strong> \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0915\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e-\u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0930\u0947\u0936 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u0917\u0926\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 <strong>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u2014 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e 1919<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e 1909<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e 1935<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1919<\/strong> \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092e\u094b\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0942-\u091a\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 (Dyarchy)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 (Bicameral Legislature)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e (\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0926\u0928)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 (\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0926\u0928)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 1919 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2019-20 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 GSDP \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e 60.2 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product)<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 2020-21 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2019-20 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Tertiary Sector)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928, \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2019-20 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 <strong>60.2%<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0906\u0926\u093f) \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>19.5%<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917) \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>20.3%<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u091a\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e (Maize)<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 2023-24 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2022-23 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>156.36 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091f\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u091a\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0928, \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u0905\u0930\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u2018\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0915\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u094b\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u0902\u0921\u0915<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u201c<strong>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0915<\/strong>\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Course Change)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c<\/strong> \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0928-\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u201c\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0915\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u094b\u0928\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091b\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 2023-24 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2022-23 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>147.95 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091f\u0928<\/strong> \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u0920\u093e\u0938, \u0938\u0941\u0917\u0902\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u2018\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940\u2019 \u0915\u094b <strong>GI \u091f\u0948\u0917 (Geographical Indication Tag)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u092e\u091f \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932, 2020 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u0921\u0940\u0921\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e V-VI \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0908-\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e IX-X \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0908-\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0915-\u091a\u094c\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2020 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928 \u0939\u094b, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0921\u0940\u0921\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0908-\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 (E-Content)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 <strong>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e IX-X \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>28 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940 2021<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) 100 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) 30 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) 150 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) 300 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u091a\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>30 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0924\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u094b\u0922\u093c (Alluvial) \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0932 <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u092e \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u0915\u092c \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906?<br>&nbsp;(a) 1865<br>&nbsp;(b) 1863<br>&nbsp;(c) 1861<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1863 \u0908.<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u092b\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u091f (Fox Nut)<\/strong> \u092f\u093e <strong>\u0917\u094b\u0930\u0916\u091a\u0941\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u0930\u092d\u0902\u0917\u093e, \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e\u092e\u0922\u093c\u0940, \u0938\u0939\u0930\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u092d\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e 71 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0938<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0906\u092e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>71% \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u0926\u0930\u092d\u0902\u0917\u093e, \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e\u092e\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u091a\u0940\u2019 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906?<br>&nbsp;(a) 1915<br>&nbsp;(b) 1911<br>&nbsp;(c) 1906<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>22 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a 1912<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e <strong>1 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 1912<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 1936 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 22 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/strong> \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1912 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u201c\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 2023-24 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2022-23 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>675.88 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091f\u0928<\/strong> \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0930\u092c\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0915\u093e\u0926\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092b\u093f\u0930\u0926\u094b\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0932\u0902\u0926\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0941\u0935\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092b\u093f\u0930\u0926\u094b\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e (Firdousiya) \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0936\u0930\u092b\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u092f\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u201c<strong>\u092e\u0916\u0926\u0942\u092e-\u0909\u0932-\u092e\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915<\/strong>\u201d \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u092b (\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f)<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e, \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u092b \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u092b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e 1935 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0930\u093e\u092f \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1935<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e (Provincial Autonomy) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 (Bicameral Legislature)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f (Chairman)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0926 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092a\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 200 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0907\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u091a\u0921\u0940\u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091f\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0930\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0902\u0938 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Market Capitalization)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0936\u0947\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 10 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 2023 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0930\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0902\u0938 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091c \u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 (RIL)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 200 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0948\u092a \u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e-\u0921\u0947 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>210 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0902\u0938 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e, \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 40 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2022 \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091a\u0940\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>2022 \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 4 \u0938\u0947 20 \u092b\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940 2022 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u092c\u0940\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u091a\u0940\u0928)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e <strong>24\u0935\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u0940\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0937\u094d\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 (2008) \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0940\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0926\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947<\/strong> \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u0940. \u090f\u0928. \u0906\u0930. \u0930\u093e\u0935<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u092e. \u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0947\u0916\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u092c \u092e\u0941\u0916\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u092e. \u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f (Green Revolution)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2023 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u091a (WEF) \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u091a (World Economic Forum &#8211; WEF)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 \u0939\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2023 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 16 \u0938\u0947 20 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 <strong>\u0926\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0938, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0925\u093e \u2014 \u201c<strong>Cooperation in a Fragmented World<\/strong>\u201d\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 WEF \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u0902\u091a \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 COP28 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0921\u092e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0905\u092e\u0940\u0930\u093e\u0924<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>COP28<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 (<strong>UNFCCC<\/strong>) \u0915\u093e 28\u0935\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 30 \u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0947 12 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0930 2023 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0905\u092e\u0940\u0930\u093e\u0924 (UAE)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u0941\u092c\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 COP \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 COP \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 1995 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928 (\u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 G7 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0930\u0942\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>G7 (Group of Seven)<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1975<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 G6 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1976 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u0939 G7 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014 <strong>\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928, \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938, \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940, \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 G7 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1998 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>G8<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2014 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 G7 \u0930\u0939 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u0921\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0921\u0941<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0938\u0921\u0940\u091c\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (SDG India Index)<\/strong> \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 (Sustainable Development Goals)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2023-24 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0930 <strong>71<\/strong> \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921<\/strong> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 79 \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2026 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 20\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091a\u0940\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0907\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>20\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0916\u0947\u0932 (Asian Games 2026)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 <strong>\u0906\u0907\u091a\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u094b\u092f\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 1958 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b \u0914\u0930 1994 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0936\u093f\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 <strong>\u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0911\u092b \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e (OCA)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u092c\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0915\u094b\u091c\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0921, \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0915\u094b\u0932\u0915\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0928\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u0942\u0928 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b (UNESCO)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u091c\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u201c<strong>\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930 (City of Literature)<\/strong>\u201d \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e <strong>\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u090f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 (UCCN)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 UCCN \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2004<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u094b\u091c\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0921 (\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932) \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2011 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0917\u094b\u0935\u093e<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u091c\u0928\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e (Census)<\/strong> \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2011<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2011 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 <strong>74.04%<\/strong> \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 <strong>94.00%<\/strong> \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>96.11%<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>92.07%<\/strong> \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 <strong>\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 2011 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u094b\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0932\u094c\u0930\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0928\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0928\u0940 (Giorgia Meloni)<\/strong> \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2022 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u092a\u0925 \u0932\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 (Brothers of Italy)<\/strong>\u2019 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u092a\u0902\u0925\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0939\u0949\u0915\u0940<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0935\u0949\u0932\u0940\u092c\u0949\u0932<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0938\u0949\u0915\u0930 (\u092b\u0941\u091f\u092c\u0949\u0932)<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092b\u0941\u091f\u092c\u0949\u0932 (Soccer)<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>200 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u092b\u0940\u092b\u093e (FIFA)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 <strong>\u092b\u0940\u092b\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u092a<\/strong> \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u0940\u0917 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0932\u0940\u0917, \u0932\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0908\u090f\u092b\u090f \u091a\u0948\u0902\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0938 \u0932\u0940\u0917<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0924\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0925\u0932\u0949\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0925\u0932\u0949\u0928<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0924\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0930\u092c\u093e\u091c\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 33\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0938 (\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932 <strong>32 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0925\u0932\u0949\u0928, \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0925\u0932\u0949\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0930\u092c\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0938 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (IOC)<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f \u0915\u094b 2028 \u0932\u0949\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0938 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2022 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u091c\u0940\u0928-\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091a\u0949\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) \u090f\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0928<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0907\u092e\u0948\u0928\u0941\u090f\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 2022 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 <strong>\u0930\u0928\u0911\u092b \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935<\/strong> \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0930\u0928\u0911\u092b \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0907\u092e\u0948\u0928\u0941\u090f\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u090f\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 <strong>\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093f\u092a\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0947 (LREM)<\/strong> \u0926\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 G20 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u092c\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0941\u0930\u0941<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0939\u0948\u0926\u0930\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>G20 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 9-10 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 2023 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0925\u093e \u2014 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u092a\u092e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u092e \u0925\u0940 \u2014 <strong>\u201c\u0935\u0938\u0941\u0927\u0948\u0935 \u0915\u0941\u091f\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u092e\u201d (One Earth, One Family, One Future)<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 1 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0930 2022 \u0938\u0947 30 \u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930 2023 \u0924\u0915 G20 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0928 \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u2018<strong>\u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong>\u2019 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2023 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0905\u092c\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0928\u093e\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0926<br>&nbsp;(c) \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) \u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0930\u0947\u0938\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2023 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong> <strong>\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0947 \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f <strong>\u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u091c\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 2 \u0914\u0930 3 \u092c\u091c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0940?<br>(a) 2 \u092c\u091c\u0915\u0930 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"37\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) 2 \u092c\u091c\u0915\u0930 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"37\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f<br>&nbsp;(c) 2 \u092c\u091c\u0915\u0930 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"37\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">&nbsp;\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f<br>&nbsp;(d) 2 \u092c\u091c\u0915\u0930 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"37\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">&nbsp;\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091c\u092c \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0940, \u0924\u092c \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0923 <strong>0\u00b0<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0908 1 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>30\u00b0<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e 1 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>0.5\u00b0<\/strong> \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0908 1 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>6\u00b0<\/strong> \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2 \u092c\u091c\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0923 = <strong>2 \u00d7 30\u00b0 = 60\u00b0<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f 2 \u092c\u091c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 t \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0924\u092c \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0923 = <strong>6t\u00b0<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0923 = <strong>60 + 0.5t\u00b0<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 6t = 60 + 0.5t\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 5.5t = 60\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 t = 60\/5.5 = <strong>120\/11 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f = <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"37\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">&nbsp;<strong>\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u2014 2 \u092c\u091c\u0915\u0930 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"41\" height=\"29\" src=\"\">\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0906\u092f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0915 \u0909\u0928 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"203\" height=\"145\" src=\"\" alt=\"WhatsApp Image 2026-03-02 at 10.45.43 PM (1).jpeg\"><br>&nbsp;(a) 12<br>&nbsp;(b) 13<br>&nbsp;(c) 10<br>&nbsp;(d) 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 <strong>\u0935\u0947\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 (Venn Diagram)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c = <strong>\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937<\/strong>, \u0906\u092f\u0924 = <strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940<\/strong>, \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 = <strong>\u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0924\u093f<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u2229 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u2229 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 <strong>10<\/strong> \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0928 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"182\" height=\"127\" src=\"\" alt=\"WhatsApp_Image_2026-03-02_at_10.56.00_PM-removebg-preview.png\"><br>&nbsp;(a) 12<br>&nbsp;(b) 14<br>&nbsp;(c) 10<br>&nbsp;(d) 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = <strong>5<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u094b \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = <strong>4<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = <strong>2<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c = <strong>1<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092d\u0941\u091c = 5 + 4 + 2 + 1 = <strong>12<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 2008 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 2009 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?<br>&nbsp;(a) \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) \u092c\u0941\u0927\u0935\u093e\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) \u0938\u094b\u092e\u0935\u093e\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2008 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0932\u0940\u092a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 (Leap Year)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u0940\u092a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932 <strong>366 \u0926\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 366 \u0926\u093f\u0928 = 52 \u0938\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0939 + 2 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0928, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 <strong>2 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0917\u0947<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 2008 = \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 2 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u2192 \u092c\u0941\u0927\u0935\u093e\u0930, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f 1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 2009 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 ? \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u090f\u0917\u093e?<br>&nbsp;117, 98, 80, 64, ?, 42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 48<br>&nbsp;(b) 46<br>&nbsp;(c) 51<br>&nbsp;(d) 55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 117 \u2192 98 (\u221219)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 98 \u2192 80 (\u221218)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 80 \u2192 64 (\u221216)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 64 \u2192 ? (\u221213)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 ? \u2192 42 (\u22129)<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 64 \u2212 13 = <strong>51<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 51 \u2212 9 = 42\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 <strong>51<\/strong> \u0906\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 15 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 P \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 Q 12\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 P \u0914\u0930 Q \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br>&nbsp;(a) 4<br>&nbsp;(b) 5<br>&nbsp;(c) 3<br>&nbsp;(d) 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 = <strong>15<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 15 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 = <strong>(15 + 1) \/ 2 = 8\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 <strong>P 8\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 Q \u092c\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0947 <strong>12\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u092c P \u0914\u0930 Q \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 8 \u0914\u0930 12 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 = 12 \u2212 8 = <strong>4 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f <strong>\u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong>, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 = 4 \u2212 1 = <strong>3<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f P \u0914\u0930 Q \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a <strong>3 \u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f C, B \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948, B, A \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, D, C \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 A \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b A \u0939\u0948 \u2014<br>&nbsp;(a) D \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928<br>&nbsp;(b) D \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093f<br>&nbsp;(c) D \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940<br>&nbsp;(d) D \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 C, B \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u2192 C \u0914\u0930 B \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u0917\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0908<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 B, A \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u2192 A, B \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f C, B \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f A, C \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 D, C \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2192 D, C \u0914\u0930 B \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 A \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0939 B \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f D \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 A \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b A \u0914\u0930 D \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0924\u093f-\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f A, D \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> CIRCLE \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 RICELC \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 SQUARE \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) UQSERA<br>&nbsp;(b) UQSARE<br>&nbsp;(c) ERAUQS<br>&nbsp;(d) AREUQS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 CIRCLE \u2192 RICELC<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902:<br>&nbsp;C I R C L E<br>&nbsp;1 2 3 4 5 6<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902: <strong>3 2 1 6 5 4<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0909\u0932\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0909\u0932\u091f\u0947\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u092c SQUARE \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<br>&nbsp;S Q U A R E<br>&nbsp;1 2 3 4 5 6<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0909\u0932\u091f\u0947 \u2192 <strong>U Q S<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0909\u0932\u091f\u0947 \u2192 <strong>E R A<br><\/strong>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0917\u093e \u2192 <strong>UQSERA<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 X \u0938\u0947 Y \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u092b 80 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 70 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<br>&nbsp;(a) 30 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(b) 45 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(c) 20 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br>&nbsp;(d) 10 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c 80 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 70 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0924\u094b 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 80 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0914\u0930 70 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 = 80 \u2212 70 = <strong>10 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong>\u0964<br>&nbsp;\u2022 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 <strong>10 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87\"><\/span><strong>Download Pdf<\/strong> \ud83d\udc47<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframely-embed\"><div class=\"iframely-responsive\" style=\"height: 140px; padding-bottom: 0;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/1-bpsc-1992-2025-38th-71st-bpsc-cce\" data-iframely-url=\"https:\/\/iframely.net\/UaixG8Y9?theme=light\"><\/a><\/div><\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/iframely.net\/embed.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 MCQ in English<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which is the oldest civilization in the world?<br>(a) Indus Valley<br>(b) Chinese<br>(c) Egyptian<br>(d) Mesopotamian (Iraq)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Mesopotamian Civilization<\/strong> is considered the oldest organized civilization in the world.<br>\u2022 It developed around <strong>3500 BCE<\/strong> between the <strong>Tigris and Euphrates rivers<\/strong> (present-day Iraq).<br>\u2022 The word <em>Mesopotamia<\/em> means <strong>\u201cland between two rivers.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 The <strong>Sumerians<\/strong> developed one of the earliest writing systems called <strong>Cuneiform<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Early city-states, organized administration, and <strong>Hammurabi\u2019s Code of Laws<\/strong> emerged here.<br>\u2022 Chronologically, it is regarded as older than the Egyptian and Indus Valley civilizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who was the founder of the Mauryan Empire?<br>(a) Bindusara<br>(b) Brihadratha<br>(c) Ashoka<br>(d) Chandragupta Maurya<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Chandragupta Maurya<\/strong> founded the Mauryan Empire around <strong>321 BCE<\/strong> after defeating the Nanda dynasty.<br>\u2022 His teacher and advisor was <strong>Chanakya (Vishnugupta\/Kautilya)<\/strong>, author of the <em>Arthashastra<\/em>.<br>\u2022 Chandragupta defeated <strong>Seleucus Nicator<\/strong>, securing north-western India.<br>\u2022 Under his rule, India witnessed the first large and centralized empire.<br>\u2022 The Mauryan administration strengthened taxation, governance, and military organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following was not a famous center of Buddhist education in ancient India?<br>(a) Nagpur<br>(b) Vallabhi<br>(c) Vikramashila<br>(d) Nalanda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Nalanda University<\/strong> was a world-famous Buddhist learning center attracting foreign students.<br>\u2022 <strong>Vikramashila University<\/strong> was established by King Dharmapala of the Pala dynasty.<br>\u2022 <strong>Vallabhi (in Gujarat)<\/strong> was an important center of Buddhist and Jain learning.<br>\u2022 These institutions offered higher education in philosophy, medicine, grammar, and mathematics.<br>\u2022 <strong>Nagpur<\/strong> was not known as a major ancient Buddhist university.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which script were Ashoka\u2019s pillar inscriptions written?<br>(a) Brahmi<br>(b) Samari<br>(c) Pali<br>(d) Sanskrit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Emperor <strong>Ashoka\u2019s inscriptions<\/strong> are major historical sources of his reign.<br>\u2022 His inscriptions include <strong>Rock Edicts, Pillar Edicts, and Cave Inscriptions<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Most inscriptions were written in <strong>Prakrit language using Brahmi script<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In north-western regions, some were written in <strong>Kharosthi script<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Greek and Aramaic inscriptions were also found in frontier areas.<br>\u2022 The main pillar inscriptions were written in <strong>Brahmi script<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is not related to Chandragupta Maurya?<br>(a) Susima<br>(b) Sanchi<br>(c) Rudradaman\u2019s Junagadh Inscription<br>(d) Vishnugupta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Vishnugupta (Chanakya)<\/strong> was the mentor and chief advisor of Chandragupta Maurya.<br>\u2022 <strong>Susima<\/strong> was related to the Mauryan dynasty (son of Bindusara).<br>\u2022 The <strong>Junagadh Inscription<\/strong> mentions the Sudarshana Lake, whose construction began during Chandragupta\u2019s time.<br>\u2022 <strong>Sanchi<\/strong>, located in Madhya Pradesh, is mainly associated with Emperor Ashoka.<br>\u2022 Sanchi does not have a direct connection with Chandragupta Maurya\u2019s reign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which major city of the Indus Valley Civilization had trade relations with Western Asia?<br>(a) Ropar<br>(b) Lothal<br>(c) Kalibangan<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Lothal<\/strong> was an important city of the Indus Valley Civilization located in present-day Gujarat.<br>\u2022 It developed around <strong>2400 BCE<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Lothal is famous for its well-planned <strong>dockyard<\/strong>, considered one of the earliest known in the world.<br>\u2022 The dock was connected to the sea through a canal, indicating maritime trade.<br>\u2022 Artifacts such as beads, seals, copper tools, and pottery suggest trade links.<br>\u2022 Evidence indicates trade relations with <strong>Mesopotamia, Persia, and Egypt<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Mesopotamian records mention a place called <strong>\u201cMeluhha,\u201d<\/strong> believed to refer to the Indus region.<br>\u2022 Excavations were conducted between <strong>1954\u20131958<\/strong> under <strong>S. R. Rao<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Lothal had advanced town planning with drainage systems, warehouses, and industrial areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The sculptures at the Deogarh Temple near Jhansi and the Garhwa Temple near Prayagraj are important remains of which art?<br>(a) Rashtrakuta Art<br>(b) Gupta Art<br>(c) Mauryan Art<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Gupta period (4th\u20136th century CE)<\/strong> is regarded as the <em>Golden Age<\/em> of Indian art and culture.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh (Uttar Pradesh)<\/strong> is an outstanding example of Gupta architecture.<br>\u2022 It is dedicated to <strong>Lord Vishnu<\/strong> and contains panels depicting his ten incarnations.<br>\u2022 The temple represents the early <strong>Nagara style<\/strong> of temple architecture.<br>\u2022 Sculptures found at <strong>Garhwa (near Prayagraj)<\/strong> also reflect Gupta artistic excellence.<br>\u2022 Gupta sculptures are known for <strong>ideal beauty, balanced proportions, calm expressions, and spiritual depth<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Inscriptions in <strong>Brahmi script and Sanskrit<\/strong> from these sites provide historical evidence of the period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The term \u2018Zil-i-Ilahi\u2019 (Shadow of God) was first used by whom?<br>(a) Alauddin Khalji<br>(b) Akbar<br>(c) Balban<br>(d) Iltutmish<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266\u20131287 CE)<\/strong> strengthened the authority of the Sultan during the Delhi Sultanate.<br>\u2022 He promoted the concept similar to the <strong>Divine Right Theory<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Balban declared himself <strong>\u2018Zil-i-Ilahi\u2019 (Shadow of God)<\/strong> to emphasize royal supremacy.<br>\u2022 He believed the Sultan was God\u2019s representative on Earth (<em>Niyabat-i-Khudai<\/em>).<br>\u2022 He introduced court practices like <strong>Sijda (prostration)<\/strong> and <strong>Paibos (kissing the feet)<\/strong> to enhance royal dignity.<br>\u2022 Thus, the concept of \u2018Zil-i-Ilahi\u2019 was central to Balban\u2019s theory of kingship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who wrote \u2018Tarikh-i-Firozshahi\u2019?<br>(a) Shams-i-Siraj Afif<br>(b) Yahya Sirhindi<br>(c) Minhaj Siraj<br>(d) Isami<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <em>Tarikh-i-Firozshahi<\/em> is an important historical text of the Delhi Sultanate period.<br>\u2022 An earlier version was written by <strong>Ziauddin Barani<\/strong> in the 14th century.<br>\u2022 Later, <strong>Shams-i-Siraj Afif<\/strong> continued the work and detailed the reign of <strong>Firoz Shah Tughlaq<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The text describes administrative reforms, taxation, religious policies, and social conditions.<br>\u2022 It is considered an authentic source for studying the Sultanate period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which Indian state is the Chitrakoot Temple located?<br>(a) Chhattisgarh<br>(b) Odisha<br>(c) Madhya Pradesh<br>(d) Uttar Pradesh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Chitrakoot<\/strong> is an important religious and historical site mentioned in the <em>Ramayana<\/em>.<br>\u2022 It is believed that <strong>Lord Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana<\/strong> stayed here during exile.<br>\u2022 The main town and administrative district of Chitrakoot are located in <strong>Uttar Pradesh<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Some parts of the region extend into Madhya Pradesh.<br>\u2022 Important religious sites include <strong>Kamadgiri Hill, Ramghat, and Bharat Milap Temple<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is regarded as a major pilgrimage center of Uttar Pradesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> During the Delhi Sultanate, the term \u2018Muqaddam\u2019 was used for whom?<br>(a) Village headman<br>(b) Village accountant<br>(c) Revenue officer<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 During the Delhi Sultanate, village administration was well organized.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Muqaddam<\/strong> was the <strong>village headman or chief<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He was sometimes also called <strong>Khut or Chaudhary<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He acted as a link between villagers and the Sultanate administration.<br>\u2022 He assisted in collecting <strong>land revenue (lagaan)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The village accountant\u2019s role was usually performed by the <strong>Patwari<\/strong>, not the Muqaddam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When did the Santhal Hul (Rebellion) take place?<br>(a) 1857\u201358<br>(b) 1858\u201359<br>(c) 1855\u201356<br>(d) 1854<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Santhal Rebellion (Santhal Hul)<\/strong> took place in <strong>1855\u201356<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was led by the <strong>Santhal tribe<\/strong> in present-day Jharkhand, Bihar, and West Bengal.<br>\u2022 The main cause was economic exploitation by <strong>British officials, zamindars, and moneylenders<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The movement was led by <strong>Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu<\/strong>, along with Chand, Bhairav, Phulo, and Jhano.<br>\u2022 It started as a protest against economic injustice but soon became an anti-British uprising.<br>\u2022 After the rebellion, the British created the <strong>Santhal Pargana<\/strong> as a separate administrative unit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who led the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917?<br>(a) Jawaharlal Nehru<br>(b) Subhas Chandra Bose<br>(c) Sardar Patel<br>(d) Mahatma Gandhi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Champaran Satyagraha (1917)<\/strong> was the first Satyagraha led by <strong>Mahatma Gandhi<\/strong> in India.<br>\u2022 It was organized in Champaran (Bihar) against the exploitation of indigo farmers.<br>\u2022 British planters forced farmers to grow indigo under the <strong>Tinkathia system (3\/20th of land)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Indigo cultivation caused heavy economic losses to peasants.<br>\u2022 Local leader <strong>Raj Kumar Shukla<\/strong> invited Gandhi to Champaran.<br>\u2022 Gandhi investigated the grievances and launched a non-violent movement.<br>\u2022 The British government appointed an inquiry committee and provided relief to farmers.<br>\u2022 The movement marked the beginning of Gandhi\u2019s mass struggle in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Where did the Birsa Munda Rebellion take place?<br>(a) Champaran<br>(b) Ballia<br>(c) Ranchi<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Birsa Munda Rebellion<\/strong> took place in the <strong>Chotanagpur region<\/strong>, mainly centered around present-day <strong>Ranchi (Jharkhand)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The movement occurred between <strong>1895 and 1900<\/strong> and was popularly known as <strong>\u201cUlgulan\u201d (The Great Revolt)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Birsa Munda aimed to free tribal people from exploitation by <strong>British authorities, zamindars, and moneylenders<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He also initiated religious and social reforms within tribal society.<br>\u2022 He promoted belief in <strong>one supreme God (Sing Bonga)<\/strong> instead of multiple <em>Bonga<\/em> spirits.<br>\u2022 The revolt was primarily against <strong>land alienation and forced labor practices<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 As a result, the <strong>Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908<\/strong> was later enacted to protect tribal land rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When Subhas Chandra Bose resigned in 1939, who became the President of the Indian National Congress?<br>(a) Rajendra Prasad<br>(b) Abul Kalam Azad<br>(c) Jawaharlal Nehru<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Subhas Chandra Bose<\/strong> was elected Congress President at the <strong>Haripura Session (1938)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In 1939, at the <strong>Tripuri Session<\/strong>, he was re-elected after defeating Pattabhi Sitaramayya.<br>\u2022 However, differences with <strong>Mahatma Gandhi and senior leaders<\/strong> led to internal conflict.<br>\u2022 Due to these disagreements, Bose resigned from the presidency in 1939.<br>\u2022 After his resignation, <strong>Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/strong> became the President of the Indian National Congress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who was the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress?<br>(a) Hasrat Mohani<br>(b) Badruddin Tyabji<br>(c) Maulana Azad<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Indian National Congress<\/strong> was founded in <strong>1885<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Badruddin Tyabji<\/strong> was the first Muslim President of the Congress.<br>\u2022 He presided over the <strong>third session of the Congress in Madras (27\u201330 December 1887)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He was a distinguished lawyer and social reformer.<br>\u2022 Tyabji strongly advocated <strong>national unity and communal harmony<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 His presidency strengthened the inclusive and secular character of the Congress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Match the leaders in List-I with their regions in List-II and choose the correct answer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. Kunwar Singh<\/td><td>1. Faizabad<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. Hazrat Mahal<\/td><td>2. Bareilly<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. Khan Bahadur<\/td><td>3. Jagdishpur<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. Maulvi Ahmadullah<\/td><td>4. Lucknow<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3<br>(b) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4<br>(c) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Kunwar Singh was a prominent leader of the Revolt of 1857, and his main area of activity was Jagdishpur (Bihar).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Begum Hazrat Mahal led the revolt against the British in Awadh and made Lucknow the center of resistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Khan Bahadur Khan led the uprising in Bareilly in 1857.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah led the revolt in the Faizabad region and organized the masses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who first described the Revolt of 1857 as the \u2018First War of Indian Independence\u2019?<br>(a) V. D. Savarkar<br>(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak<br>(c) R. C. Majumdar<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>V. D. Savarkar<\/strong> described the Revolt of 1857 as the <em>First War of Indian Independence<\/em>.<br>\u2022 In 1909, he published his famous book <strong>\u201cThe Indian War of Independence, 1857.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 He argued that the revolt was not merely a sepoy mutiny but a planned national movement.<br>\u2022 Savarkar presented the uprisings in different regions as a coordinated effort.<br>\u2022 Therefore, he is credited with popularizing the term <strong>\u201cFirst War of Indian Independence.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Fort William College in Calcutta was established \u2014<br>(a) In 1802 for historical research in Indian languages<br>(b) In 1802 to understand Indian culture and traditions<br>(c) In 1800 only to train Indian civil servants<br>(d) In 1800 to train civil servants in Indian languages<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Fort William College<\/strong> was established on <strong>10 July 1800<\/strong> by Governor-General <strong>Lord Wellesley<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was set up in <strong>Calcutta (Kolkata)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The main objective was to train <strong>East India Company civil servants<\/strong> in Indian languages.<br>\u2022 Knowledge of local languages such as <strong>Persian, Hindi, and Hindustani (Urdu)<\/strong> was necessary for administration.<br>\u2022 The college also encouraged translation and literary development in Indian languages.<br>\u2022 It functioned primarily as an administrative training institution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Viceroy initiated decentralization of the colonial financial structure in India?<br>(a) Mayo<br>(b) Curzon<br>(c) Ripon<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Lord Mayo (1869\u20131872)<\/strong> took important steps toward financial decentralization.<br>\u2022 On <strong>14 December 1870<\/strong>, he issued the <strong>Mayo Resolution<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This resolution divided financial responsibilities between the <strong>central and provincial governments<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Provinces were given responsibility for areas like <strong>education, health, and prisons<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Limited financial autonomy was granted to provincial administrations.<br>\u2022 This marked the beginning of fiscal decentralization in British India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who is the author of the famous book \u2018Gulamgiri\u2019?<br>(a) Jyotiba Phule<br>(b) Ramaswami Naicker Periyar<br>(c) B. R. Ambedkar<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Jyotiba Phule<\/strong> wrote <em>Gulamgiri<\/em> in <strong>1873<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The book criticized the <strong>Brahmanical social order and caste discrimination<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In the same year, Phule founded the <strong>Satyashodhak Samaj<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The organization aimed to uplift backward classes and marginalized communities.<br>\u2022 <em>Gulamgiri<\/em> strongly protested against social injustice and oppression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Under the Local Press Act \u2014<br>(a) If objectionable material was published, the newspaper property could be confiscated<br>(b) If non-objectionable material was published, the printing press could be confiscated<br>(c) If objectionable material was published, the printing press could be confiscated<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Local Press Act, 1908<\/strong> was enacted by the British government to curb press freedom.<br>\u2022 It targeted newspapers supporting nationalist activities.<br>\u2022 If any content was considered <strong>\u2018objectionable\u2019<\/strong>, the government could confiscate the <strong>printing press or property<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Act aimed to suppress criticism of British rule.<br>\u2022 It was regarded as a repressive law against Indian journalism.<br>\u2022 Due to nationalist pressure, it was later repealed in <strong>1919<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which year was the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) formed?<br>(a) 1920<br>(b) 1919<br>(c) 1918<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)<\/strong> was founded on <strong>31 October 1920<\/strong> in Bombay (Mumbai).<br>\u2022 Leaders like <strong>Lala Lajpat Rai, N. M. Joshi, Joseph Baptista, and Diwan Chaman Lal<\/strong> played key roles.<br>\u2022 <strong>Lala Lajpat Rai<\/strong> became its first President.<br>\u2022 The formation followed a rise in labor movements between <strong>1918\u20131920<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 AITUC aimed to improve wages, working hours, and working conditions of laborers.<br>\u2022 It later became associated with the <strong>International Labour Organization (ILO)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 During the freedom struggle, it mobilized workers against British rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When did Macaulay issue his famous Minute on Indian Education?<br>(a) 12 February, 1835<br>(b) 12 February, 1836<br>(c) 02 February, 1835<br>(d) 01 February, 1835<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Thomas Babington Macaulay<\/strong> presented his famous <strong>Minute on Indian Education<\/strong> on <strong>2 February 1835<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 At that time, the Governor-General of India was <strong>Lord William Bentinck<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Minute aimed to settle the debate between <strong>Oriental education (Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian)<\/strong> and <strong>Western education (English)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Macaulay strongly supported the introduction of <strong>English as the medium of higher education<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He argued that European literature and science were superior to traditional Indian learning.<br>\u2022 He famously stated that \u201ca single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia.\u201d<br>\u2022 On <strong>7 March 1835<\/strong>, Lord Bentinck accepted Macaulay\u2019s recommendations.<br>\u2022 As a result, English became the medium of higher education in India.<br>\u2022 This led to the rise of an <strong>English-educated middle class<\/strong>, which later played a crucial role in the <strong>Indian National Movement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which newspaper wrote that the Indian National Congress was \u201c\u2026the nucleus of the future Parliament of our country\u2026\u201d?<br>(a) The Indian Mirror<br>(b) The New York Times<br>(c) The Times of India<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 This remark was published in <strong>January 1886<\/strong> by <strong>The Indian Mirror<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The newspaper was founded in <strong>1861<\/strong> by <strong>Keshab Chandra Sen<\/strong> in Calcutta.<br>\u2022 It was published in English and was ideologically linked to the <strong>Brahmo Samaj<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The paper supported <strong>social reform, political awareness, and national consciousness<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 After the formation of the <strong>Indian National Congress in 1885<\/strong>, it recognized Congress as a future representative body of India.<br>\u2022 Thus, <em>The Indian Mirror<\/em> was among the earliest platforms to foresee the political importance of the Congress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who threw harmless bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly?<br>(a) Jatin Das<br>(b) Batukeshwar Dutt<br>(c) Bhagat Singh<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 On <strong>8 April 1929<\/strong>, <strong>Bhagat Singh<\/strong> and <strong>Batukeshwar Dutt<\/strong> threw harmless bombs in the <strong>Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This incident is known as the <strong>Assembly Bomb Case<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Their objective was not to kill anyone but to protest against repressive British laws.<br>\u2022 They opposed the <strong>Public Safety Bill<\/strong> and the <strong>Trade Disputes Bill<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The bombs were deliberately thrown in empty spaces to avoid casualties.<br>\u2022 They shouted slogans like <strong>\u201cInquilab Zindabad\u201d<\/strong> and <strong>\u201cDown with Imperialism.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 Instead of escaping, they courted arrest to use the trial as a platform to spread revolutionary ideas.<br>\u2022 Bhagat Singh was later executed on <strong>23 March 1931<\/strong> in the Lahore Conspiracy Case along with Rajguru and Sukhdev.<br>\u2022 The event inspired revolutionary nationalism among Indian youth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who presided over the 1922 Gaya session of the Indian National Congress?<br>(a) Mahatma Gandhi<br>(b) Hakim Ajmal Khan<br>(c) Chittaranjan Das<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>1922 session of the Indian National Congress<\/strong> was held at <strong>Gaya (Bihar)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das<\/strong> was elected President of this session.<br>\u2022 The session took place after the suspension of the <strong>Non-Cooperation Movement<\/strong> following the <strong>Chauri Chaura incident<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A major debate arose within Congress about entering the legislative councils.<br>\u2022 Chittaranjan Das and <strong>Motilal Nehru<\/strong> supported council entry (known as the <strong>Pro-Changers<\/strong>).<br>\u2022 Leaders like <strong>C. Rajagopalachari, Sardar Patel, and Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/strong> opposed it (known as the <strong>No-Changers<\/strong>).<br>\u2022 The proposal for council entry was rejected at Gaya.<br>\u2022 Consequently, Chittaranjan Das resigned from the presidency.<br>\u2022 In 1923, he founded the <strong>Swaraj Party<\/strong> to oppose British policies from within the councils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Match the social reform organizations in List-I with their founders in List-II and choose the correct answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. Brahmo Samaj<\/td><td>3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. Ramakrishna Mission<\/td><td>2. Swami Vivekananda<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. Servants of India Society<\/td><td>4. Gopal Krishna Gokhale<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. Widow Remarriage Society<\/td><td>1. Vishnu Shastri Pandit<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4<br>(b) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1<br>(c) a-3, b-2, c-1, d-4<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Brahmo Samaj was founded in 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Its objective was to oppose social evils such as Sati and polygamy and to promote monotheism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Ramakrishna Mission was founded in 1897 by Swami Vivekananda. Its aim was service, education, and spiritual upliftment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Servants of India Society was founded in 1905 by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Its objective was to train workers dedicated to national service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Widow Remarriage Society was established in the 19th century to promote widow remarriage and was associated with Vishnu Shastri Pandit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Match the authors in List-I with the books related to 1857 in List-II and choose the correct answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. V. D. Savarkar<\/td><td>1. The First War of Independence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. S. N. Sen<\/td><td>4. Eighteen Fifty-Seven<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. Eric Stokes<\/td><td>2. The Peasant and the Raj<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. S. B. Chaudhuri<\/td><td>3. Civil Rebellion and the Indian Mutinies<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3<br>(b) a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4<br>(c) a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 V. D. Savarkar, in <em>The First War of Independence (1857)<\/em>, presented the Revolt of 1857 as a national war of independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 S. N. Sen wrote <em>Eighteen Fifty-Seven<\/em>, which provides a detailed historical analysis of the Revolt of 1857.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Eric Stokes, in <em>The Peasant and the Raj<\/em>, examined the rural and peasant aspects of the Revolt of 1857.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 S. B. Chaudhuri, in <em>Civil Rebellion and the Indian Mutinies<\/em>, analyzed the civil and military dimensions of the Revolt of 1857.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following states was NOT annexed under Lord Dalhousie\u2019s Doctrine of Lapse?<br>(a) Nagpur<br>(b) Jaipur<br>(c) Sambalpur<br>(d) Satara<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Lord Dalhousie (1848\u20131856)<\/strong> introduced the <strong>Doctrine of Lapse<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 According to this policy, states without a natural heir would be annexed by the British.<br>\u2022 Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1849), Jhansi (1854), and Nagpur (1854) were annexed under this doctrine.<br>\u2022 Awadh was annexed in 1856 on the ground of misgovernance, not under this doctrine.<br>\u2022 <strong>Jaipur<\/strong> was not annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is NOT associated with the Indian National Army (INA)?<br>(a) S. A. Dange<br>(b) Prem Singh Sehgal<br>(c) Shah Nawaz Khan<br>(d) General Mohan Singh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Indian National Army (INA)<\/strong> was formed during <strong>World War II<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its early formation involved <strong>Rash Behari Bose<\/strong>, and later it was led by <strong>Subhas Chandra Bose (Netaji)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>General Mohan Singh<\/strong> was its first commander.<br>\u2022 <strong>Shah Nawaz Khan<\/strong> and <strong>Prem Kumar Sehgal<\/strong> were prominent INA officers.<br>\u2022 They were tried in the famous <strong>Red Fort Trials<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>S. A. Dange<\/strong> was a prominent communist leader and had no association with the INA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Match the pre-Congress organizations in List-I with their leaders in List-II and choose the correct answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. Indian Association<\/td><td>4. Surendranath Banerjee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B. Madras Mahajana Sabha<\/td><td>2. M. Viraraghavachari<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C. Bombay Presidency Association<\/td><td>1. Dadabhai Naoroji<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha<\/td><td>3. Justice Ranade<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4<br>(b) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3<br>(c) a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Indian Association (1876, Calcutta) was founded by Surendranath Banerjee. Its objective was to promote political awareness and national unity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Madras Mahajana Sabha (1884) was a major political organization in South India, associated with M. Viraraghavachari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Bombay Presidency Association (1885) had the significant involvement of Dadabhai Naoroji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1870\/1872) was actively associated with Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who published the book \u2018Poverty and Un-British Rule in India\u2019 in 1901?<br>(a) Dadabhai Naoroji<br>(b) S. N. Banerjee<br>(c) R. C. Dutt<br>(d) Ferozeshah Mehta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The book was written and published in <strong>1901<\/strong> by <strong>Dadabhai Naoroji<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It critically examined the economic policies of British rule in India.<br>\u2022 Naoroji propounded the famous <strong>Drain Theory<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 According to this theory, India\u2019s wealth was continuously drained to Britain.<br>\u2022 The book provided an economic basis to the <strong>Indian National Movement<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It exposed the exploitative nature of British colonial rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who introduced the Permanent Settlement system in Bengal?<br>(a) Holt Mackenzie<br>(b) Lord Cornwallis<br>(c) Warren Hastings<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Permanent Settlement<\/strong> was introduced in <strong>1793<\/strong> by <strong>Lord Cornwallis<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was implemented in <strong>Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, and the Banaras region<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Under this system, <strong>zamindars were declared the permanent owners of land<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A fixed amount of land revenue was permanently settled between the zamindars and the <strong>East India Company<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Zamindars had to pay a predetermined revenue to the Company, irrespective of agricultural output.<br>\u2022 If they failed to pay revenue on time, their estates could be auctioned.<br>\u2022 The system aimed to create a loyal landed aristocracy.<br>\u2022 However, it led to increased exploitation of peasants and weakened the rural economy.<br>\u2022 It also resulted in absentee landlordism and agrarian distress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> A British citizen residing in India cannot demand which of the following rights?<br>(a) Freedom of religion<br>(b) Protection of life and personal liberty<br>(c) Freedom of trade and profession<br>(d) Equality before law<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Indian Constitution<\/strong> grants some Fundamental Rights to all persons (citizens and foreigners), while some are reserved only for citizens.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 14 (Equality before law)<\/strong> applies to all persons.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 21 (Protection of life and personal liberty)<\/strong> is available to everyone.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 25 (Freedom of religion)<\/strong> is also granted to all persons.<br>\u2022 However, rights under <strong>Article 19<\/strong> are available only to <strong>Indian citizens<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Article 19(1)(g) provides the <strong>freedom of trade, profession, and business<\/strong>, which foreigners cannot claim as a Fundamental Right.<br>\u2022 Therefore, a British citizen living in India cannot demand this right under Article 19.<br>\u2022 Articles <strong>15, 16, 19, 29, and 30<\/strong> are specifically reserved for citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Tropic of Cancer passes through which state?<br>(a) Mizoram<br>(b) Odisha<br>(c) Uttar Pradesh<br>(d) Meghalaya<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Tropic of Cancer<\/strong> is located at <strong>23\u00b030<\/strong><strong>\u2032<\/strong><strong> North latitude<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In India, it passes through <strong>eight states<\/strong>: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.<br>\u2022 Among the given options, only <strong>Mizoram<\/strong> lies on the Tropic of Cancer.<br>\u2022 It is one of the five major circles of latitude on Earth.<br>\u2022 The region south of it lies in the <strong>Tropical Zone<\/strong>, while the north lies in the <strong>Subtropical Zone<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In India, it is prominently marked near <strong>Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Mizoram is the easternmost state through which it passes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which is the oldest mountain range in South America?<br>(a) Pacaraima<br>(b) Dumak-Humak<br>(c) Andes<br>(d) Brazilian Highlands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Pacaraima Mountains<\/strong> are considered among the oldest mountain ranges in South America.<br>\u2022 They are part of the <strong>Guiana Highlands<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This range lies along the borders of <strong>Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its geological age is estimated at around <strong>1.8 billion years<\/strong>, making it extremely ancient.<br>\u2022 In contrast, the <strong>Andes Mountains<\/strong> are young fold mountains formed due to tectonic plate collision.<br>\u2022 The Brazilian Highlands are also ancient, but the Pacaraima range is older.<br>\u2022 The region is known for its unique table-top mountains called <strong>tepuis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Madhya Pradesh shares its longest boundary with which state?<br>(a) Maharashtra<br>(b) Andhra Pradesh<br>(c) Uttar Pradesh<br>(d) Rajasthan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Madhya Pradesh<\/strong> is bordered by Uttar Pradesh (north), Chhattisgarh (east), Maharashtra (south), and Gujarat &amp; Rajasthan (west).<br>\u2022 The longest boundary of Madhya Pradesh is with <strong>Uttar Pradesh<\/strong>, approximately <strong>913 km<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This boundary passes through several districts of both states.<br>\u2022 Important bordering districts include <strong>Gwalior, Bhind, Chhatarpur, Satna, and Rewa<\/strong> in MP.<br>\u2022 The long boundary influences cultural and economic exchanges between the two states.<br>\u2022 Hence, Uttar Pradesh shares the longest boundary with Madhya Pradesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which river pair of the Chotanagpur Plateau cuts the Tropic of Cancer twice?<br>(a) South Koel\u2013Damodar<br>(b) Subarnarekha\u2013Damodar<br>(c) North Koel\u2013Damodar<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 No river of the <strong>Chotanagpur Plateau<\/strong> cuts the Tropic of Cancer twice.<br>\u2022 In India, only the <strong>Mahi River<\/strong> crosses the Tropic of Cancer twice.<br>\u2022 The Mahi River originates in the <strong>Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It flows through <strong>Rajasthan and Gujarat<\/strong> before draining into the <strong>Arabian Sea<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its total length is about <strong>576 km<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is one of the important <strong>west-flowing rivers<\/strong> of India.<br>\u2022 Therefore, none of the given river pairs is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which longitude separates Canada and Alaska?<br>(a) 131\u00b0 W<br>(b) 161\u00b0 W<br>(c) 151\u00b0 W<br>(d) 141\u00b0 W<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>141\u00b0 West longitude (141\u00b0 W)<\/strong> forms the international boundary between <strong>Canada and Alaska (USA)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This boundary was determined under the <strong>Russo\u2013British Treaty of 1825<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 At that time, <strong>Alaska was under Russian control<\/strong>, while Canada was under British rule.<br>\u2022 In <strong>1867<\/strong>, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia, but the boundary line remained unchanged.<br>\u2022 This meridian is an important example of a <strong>politically defined longitudinal boundary<\/strong> in North America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What is Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?<br>(a) Number of children dying before age 3 per 1000 live births<br>(b) Number of children dying before age 4 per 1000 live births<br>(c) Number of children dying before age 2 per 1000 live births<br>(d) Number of children dying before age 1 per 1000 live births<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)<\/strong> refers to the number of infants who die <strong>before completing one year of age per 1000 live births in a given year<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is a key indicator of a country\u2019s <strong>healthcare system, nutrition level, maternal care, and socio-economic conditions<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A lower IMR reflects better <strong>public health and child welfare services<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 According to recent data, India\u2019s IMR has steadily declined over the years.<br>\u2022 Government initiatives such as <strong>National Health Mission (NHM)<\/strong>, <strong>Janani Suraksha Yojana<\/strong>, and <strong>Mission Indradhanush<\/strong> aim to reduce IMR.<br>\u2022 IMR is widely used in demographic and public health studies to assess development levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which country is known as the \u201cPlayground of Europe\u201d?<br>(a) Germany<br>(b) Switzerland<br>(c) Italy<br>(d) France<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> is called the <strong>\u201cPlayground of Europe.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 The presence of the <strong>Swiss Alps<\/strong> makes it ideal for winter sports.<br>\u2022 It is famous for <strong>skiing, mountaineering, trekking, and ice hockey<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its snow-covered peaks, lakes, and scenic valleys attract global tourists.<br>\u2022 Cities like <strong>Geneva, Zurich, and Interlaken<\/strong> are known for adventure sports.<br>\u2022 Its favorable climate and landscape make it a major European recreational hub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which mountain range lies along the Mediterranean coast of Asia Minor?<br>(a) Kirthar<br>(b) Elburz<br>(c) Taurus<br>(d) Pontic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Taurus Mountains<\/strong> are located in southern <strong>Asia Minor (modern Turkey)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 They run parallel to the <strong>Mediterranean Sea coast<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The highest peak is <strong>Mount Demirkaz\u0131k (approx. 3756 meters)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This range separates the <strong>Anatolian Plateau<\/strong> from the coastal region.<br>\u2022 Major rivers like the <strong>Tigris and Euphrates<\/strong> originate in this region.<br>\u2022 The Taurus Mountains influence the <strong>Mediterranean climate<\/strong> of the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which state is known as the \u201cScotland of North-East India\u201d?<br>(a) Arunachal Pradesh<br>(b) Assam<br>(c) Nagaland<br>(d) Meghalaya<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Meghalaya<\/strong> is known as the <strong>\u201cScotland of North-East India.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 Its capital, <strong>Shillong<\/strong>, is especially famous for its scenic beauty.<br>\u2022 The lush green hills, waterfalls, and cool climate resemble Scotland.<br>\u2022 <strong>Cherrapunji and Mawsynram<\/strong> in Meghalaya are among the wettest places on Earth.<br>\u2022 The state is a major center for eco-tourism and natural attractions.<br>\u2022 Its rolling plateaus and misty environment give it this unique title.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Indian state is called the \u201cState of Minerals\u201d?<br>(a) Odisha<br>(b) West Bengal<br>(c) Bihar<br>(d) Jharkhand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Odisha<\/strong> is known as the <strong>\u201cState of Minerals.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 It possesses about <strong>40% of India\u2019s total mineral resources<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Major minerals include <strong>iron ore, coal, bauxite, manganese, chromite, limestone, and uranium<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Rourkela Steel Plant<\/strong> supports mineral-based industries in the state.<br>\u2022 Mining is a major contributor to Odisha\u2019s economy.<br>\u2022 The state plays a crucial role in India\u2019s industrial and steel production sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Grey Revolution is associated with \u2014<br>(a) Fisheries<br>(b) Fertilizers<br>(c) Oilseeds<br>(d) Potato<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Grey Revolution<\/strong> is related to the increased production and use of <strong>fertilizers<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It aimed to boost agricultural productivity through the use of chemical fertilizers.<br>\u2022 It supported the success of the <strong>Green Revolution<\/strong> by enhancing crop yields.<br>\u2022 Organizations like <strong>IFFCO (Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited)<\/strong> and <strong>National Fertilizers Limited (NFL)<\/strong> played important roles.<br>\u2022 Excessive fertilizer use has also caused environmental issues such as <strong>soil degradation and pollution<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Other agricultural revolutions include:<br>\u2013 <strong>Blue Revolution<\/strong> \u2192 Fisheries<br>\u2013 <strong>Yellow Revolution<\/strong> \u2192 Oilseeds<br>\u2013 <strong>Round Revolution<\/strong> \u2192 Potato production<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What is the average height of the Snow Line in Uttar Pradesh?<br>(a) 6500 meters<br>(b) 7500 meters<br>(c) 5500 meters<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Snow Line<\/strong> refers to the altitude above which <strong>snow remains permanently throughout the year<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In the <strong>Himalayan region<\/strong>, the snow line generally lies between <strong>4800 to 6000 meters<\/strong>, depending on latitude, temperature, and precipitation.<br>\u2022 In the year <strong>2000<\/strong>, Uttar Pradesh was reorganized and its mountainous region became the separate state of <strong>Uttarakhand<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Present-day <strong>Uttar Pradesh is entirely a plain state<\/strong> and does not have any permanent snow-covered region.<br>\u2022 Therefore, none of the given altitude options apply to the current geographical boundaries of Uttar Pradesh.<br>\u2022 Hence, the correct answer is <strong>None of the above<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is NOT related to the continent of Australia?<br>(a) Lake Eyre<br>(b) Nullarbor Plain<br>(c) Selwyn Mountains<br>(d) Seluyin Valley<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Lake Eyre (Kati Thanda\u2013Lake Eyre)<\/strong> is the largest internal drainage basin in Australia.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Nullarbor Plain<\/strong> is a vast limestone plateau located between Western and South Australia.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Selwyn Mountains<\/strong> are associated with Australia.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Seluyin Valley<\/strong>, however, is not located in Australia; it is associated with regions of <strong>Asia (China\u2013Myanmar\u2013Thailand area)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, Seluyin Valley is not related to the Australian continent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Select the odd pair from the following \u2014<br>(a) Gobi : Mongolia<br>(b) Kalahari : America<br>(c) Thar : India<br>(d) Sahara : Africa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Gobi Desert<\/strong> is located in <strong>Mongolia and China<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Thar Desert<\/strong> lies in <strong>India and Pakistan<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Sahara Desert<\/strong> is situated in <strong>North Africa<\/strong> and is the world\u2019s largest hot desert.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Kalahari Desert<\/strong> is located in <strong>Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa<\/strong>, not in America.<br>\u2022 Hence, \u201cKalahari : America\u201d is the incorrect (odd) pair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The origin place Amarkantak of the Son River is located in which range?<br>(a) Rajmahal Hills<br>(b) Mahadeo Hills<br>(c) Makalu Range<br>(d) Maikal Range<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Son River<\/strong> originates from <strong>Amarkantak<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Amarkantak is situated in the <strong>Maikal Range<\/strong>, which is part of the <strong>Satpura Mountain system<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Son River is an important <strong>right-bank tributary of the Ganga River<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Vindhya Range<\/strong> lies to its north and the <strong>Satpura Range<\/strong> to its south.<br>\u2022 The river flows through a <strong>rift valley (faulted valley)<\/strong> in its upper course.<br>\u2022 It plays a significant role in the drainage system of central India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Dalmatian Coast is \u2014<br>(a) Intermontane<br>(b) Piedmont<br>(c) Karst-type Piedmont<br>(d) River depositional<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Dalmatian Coast<\/strong> is located along the <strong>Adriatic Sea in Croatia (Southern Europe)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is highly <strong>indented and characterized by numerous islands and narrow inlets<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The coast is formed mainly due to <strong>Karst topography<\/strong>, where limestone rocks undergo solution processes.<br>\u2022 Submergence of parallel mountain ridges due to rising sea levels created long, narrow islands.<br>\u2022 This makes it a classic example of a <strong>Karst-type piedmont coast<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is one of the most famous examples of submergent coastal landforms in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Divi Island is located between the distributaries of which river?<br>(a) Mahananda<br>(b) Vamsadhara<br>(c) Godavari<br>(d) Krishna<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Divi Island (Diviseema)<\/strong> is located in the <strong>Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It lies in the <strong>delta region of the Krishna River<\/strong>, near its confluence with the <strong>Bay of Bengal<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In delta regions, land formed between river distributaries often appears like an island.<br>\u2022 Diviseema is formed between the <strong>distributaries of the Krishna River<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The region is agriculturally fertile due to rich alluvial deposits.<br>\u2022 It is also highly prone to cyclones; the <strong>1977 Andhra cyclone<\/strong> caused massive devastation here.<br>\u2022 Thus, Divi Island is situated between the branches of the <strong>Krishna River<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which seed is used in the production of engineered (lab-grown) diamonds?<br>(a) Moissanite<br>(b) White Sapphire<br>(c) Graphite<br>(d) Cubic Zirconia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Engineered (Lab-grown) diamonds<\/strong> are artificially produced in laboratories.<br>\u2022 They are mainly manufactured using two methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition)<\/strong><br>\u2022 In these processes, <strong>Graphite (a form of carbon)<\/strong> is used as the primary carbon source.<br>\u2022 Under extremely high pressure and temperature, the carbon structure of graphite transforms into a <strong>diamond crystal structure<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Moissanite<\/strong> and <strong>Cubic Zirconia<\/strong> are diamond simulants, not raw materials for diamond production.<br>\u2022 Therefore, graphite is essential in the production of lab-grown diamonds.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Kashmir Valley is which type of valley?<br>(a) Rift<br>(b) Blind<br>(c) Erosional<br>(d) Tectonic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Kashmir Valley<\/strong> lies between the <strong>Pir Panjal Range<\/strong> and the <strong>Zanskar Range<\/strong> of the Himalayas.<br>\u2022 It is a broad basin formed through multiple geological processes.<br>\u2022 The valley was once occupied by a large lake known as <strong>Satisar Lake<\/strong> in ancient times.<br>\u2022 Over time, <strong>fluvial erosion by the Jhelum River<\/strong> drained the lake waters.<br>\u2022 <strong>Glacial erosion<\/strong> also played a significant role in shaping the valley.<br>\u2022 Its average elevation is about <strong>1600 meters above sea level<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The valley is approximately <strong>135 km long and 32 km wide<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Hence, it is mainly considered an <strong>erosional valley<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Renewable energy refers to \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Electricity produced from solar energy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electricity produced from thermal power plants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electricity produced from coal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electricity produced from wind energy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Only 1 and 4<br>(b) Only 1, 3 and 4<br>(c) Only 1, 2 and 3<br>(d) Only 1 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Renewable energy<\/strong> is energy obtained from natural sources that are <strong>continuously replenished<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Solar energy (1)<\/strong> and <strong>Wind energy (4)<\/strong> are renewable sources.<br>\u2022 Thermal power plants (2) and coal-based energy (3) depend on <strong>fossil fuels<\/strong>, which are exhaustible resources.<br>\u2022 Major renewable sources include <strong>solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, tidal, and geothermal energy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Advantages of renewable energy:<br>\u2022 Environment-friendly<br>\u2022 Low greenhouse gas emissions<br>\u2022 Long-term energy security<br>\u2022 Reduced dependence on imported fuels<br>\u2022 India has set a target of achieving <strong>500 GW renewable energy capacity by 2030<\/strong> under initiatives like the <strong>National Solar Mission<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which is the oil refinery with the highest capacity in India?<br>(a) Barauni<br>(b) Mathura<br>(c) Trombay<br>(d) Koyali<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Koyali Oil Refinery (Gujarat Refinery)<\/strong> is one of the major high-capacity public sector refineries in India.<br>\u2022 It is operated by <strong>Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is located at <strong>Koyali, Vadodara (Gujarat)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was established in <strong>1965<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its refining capacity is approximately <strong>18 Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It produces petrol, diesel, ATF (Jet Fuel), kerosene, LPG, lubricants, and petrochemical products.<br>\u2022 The refinery plays a significant role in meeting the industrial and transport fuel demand of western India.<br>\u2022 It uses modern and environmentally compliant refining technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following subjects require ratification by at least half of the State Legislatures for constitutional amendment?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Election of the President<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Representation of States in Parliament<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Amendment in any list of the Seventh Schedule<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Abolition of a State Legislative Council<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 2, 3 and 4<br>(b) 1, 2 and 4<br>(c) 1, 3 and 4<br>(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 368<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution lays down the procedure for constitutional amendments.<br>\u2022 Certain amendments require not only a <strong>special majority in Parliament<\/strong> but also ratification by <strong>at least half of the State Legislatures<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Subjects requiring state ratification include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Election of the President (Articles 54 &amp; 55)<\/strong>, as it involves both Parliament and States.<br>\u2022 <strong>Representation of States in Parliament<\/strong>, especially in the Rajya Sabha, which reflects the federal structure.<br>\u2022 <strong>Changes in the Seventh Schedule (Union, State, Concurrent Lists)<\/strong>, as they affect the distribution of powers between Union and States.<br>\u2022 Abolition or creation of a <strong>State Legislative Council (Article 169)<\/strong> does not require ratification by all states; Parliament can act by simple majority based on the concerned state&#8217;s resolution.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the correct combination is <strong>1, 2 and 3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Speaker of the Lok Sabha has \u2014<br>(a) The right to vote only in case of equality of votes<br>(b) The right to vote like any other member<br>(c) Two votes \u2014 one ordinary and one casting vote<br>(d) No right to vote<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 According to <strong>Article 100(1)<\/strong> of the Constitution, the Speaker does not vote in the first instance.<br>\u2022 The Speaker exercises a <strong>Casting Vote<\/strong> only in case of a tie.<br>\u2022 The purpose of the casting vote is to resolve a <strong>deadlock in the House<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This ensures neutrality of the Speaker during normal proceedings.<br>\u2022 Under <strong>Article 96<\/strong>, when a resolution for removal of the Speaker is under consideration, he\/she does not preside and may vote in the first instance but not exercise a casting vote.<br>\u2022 Hence, in general proceedings, the Speaker votes only in case of equality of votes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following acts as part of the Electoral College for the President but does not participate in the impeachment process?<br>(a) State Legislative Councils<br>(b) State Legislative Assemblies<br>(c) Rajya Sabha<br>(d) Lok Sabha<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 According to <strong>Article 54<\/strong>, the Electoral College for the President consists of:<br>\u2022 Elected members of both Houses of Parliament<br>\u2022 Elected members of State Legislative Assemblies<br>\u2022 Members of State Legislative Councils do not participate in the Presidential election.<br>\u2022 Under <strong>Article 61<\/strong>, the impeachment process is conducted only by <strong>Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 State Legislative Assemblies do not participate in the impeachment procedure.<br>\u2022 Therefore, State Legislative Assemblies take part in the election but not in impeachment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Article of the Indian Constitution is related to the declaration of National Emergency?<br>(a) Article 360<br>(b) Article 365<br>(c) Article 356<br>(d) Article 352<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 352<\/strong> deals with the declaration of <strong>National Emergency<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It can be proclaimed in case of <strong>war, external aggression, or armed rebellion<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The term \u201carmed rebellion\u201d replaced \u201cinternal disturbance\u201d through the <strong>44th Constitutional Amendment (1978)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 356<\/strong> relates to President\u2019s Rule in a state.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 360<\/strong> deals with Financial Emergency.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 365<\/strong> concerns failure of a state to comply with Union directions.<br>\u2022 Thus, Article 352 specifically provides for National Emergency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who is the Chairperson of the GST Council?<br>(a) Governor of the Reserve Bank of India<br>(b) Union Minister of Corporate Affairs<br>(c) Chairman of the Finance Commission<br>(d) Union Finance Minister<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>GST Council<\/strong> was constituted under <strong>Article 279A<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Union Finance Minister<\/strong> acts as the Chairperson of the GST Council.<br>\u2022 The Council also includes the <strong>Union Minister of State for Finance<\/strong> and the <strong>Finance Ministers of all States and Union Territories with legislature<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is the highest decision-making body regarding <strong>GST rates, tax structure, exemptions, and administrative reforms<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Decisions are generally taken by a <strong>three-fourths majority of weighted votes<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The GST Council is considered an example of <strong>Cooperative Federalism<\/strong> in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The person who served as President of India and also as Ambassador to the USA, China, Turkey, and Thailand, and Vice-Chancellor of JNU was \u2014<br>(a) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan<br>(b) Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma<br>(c) K. R. Narayanan<br>(d) R. Venkataraman<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>K. R. Narayanan<\/strong> was a distinguished diplomat, academic, and statesman.<br>\u2022 He served as India\u2019s Ambassador to the <strong>United States, China, Turkey, and Thailand<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He was also associated with <strong>Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU)<\/strong> in an academic leadership role.<br>\u2022 He became the <strong>Vice President of India in 1992<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In <strong>1997<\/strong>, he was elected as the <strong>President of India<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He was the <strong>first Dalit President of India<\/strong>, marking a significant milestone in Indian democracy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Constitutional Amendment fixed the maximum size of the Council of Ministers in a State?<br>(a) 91st Amendment<br>(b) 86th Amendment<br>(c) 81st Amendment<br>(d) None<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003<\/strong> inserted <strong>Article 164(1A)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It limited the total number of ministers, including the Chief Minister, to <strong>15% of the total strength of the State Legislative Assembly<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The minimum number of ministers in a state cannot be less than <strong>12<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A similar provision was inserted for the Union Council of Ministers under <strong>Article 75(1A)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The objective was to prevent <strong>political corruption and excessive distribution of ministerial posts<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which portfolio did Dr. Rajendra Prasad hold in the Interim Government of 1946?<br>(a) Defence<br>(b) Home<br>(c) Food and Agriculture<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Interim Government<\/strong> was formed on <strong>2 September 1946<\/strong> under the <strong>Cabinet Mission Plan<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Dr. Rajendra Prasad<\/strong> was assigned the <strong>Food and Agriculture Department<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 At that time, India was facing a serious <strong>food crisis<\/strong> after World War II.<br>\u2022 His role was crucial in addressing issues related to <strong>food supply and agricultural policy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This experience contributed to his later leadership as the <strong>first President of independent India<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which Schedule of the Indian Constitution are the provisions related to the Anti-Defection Law mentioned?<br>(a) Fifth<br>(b) Second<br>(c) Eighth<br>(d) Tenth<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Tenth Schedule<\/strong> was added by the <strong>52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It contains provisions for disqualification on grounds of <strong>defection<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The law aims to prevent <strong>political instability and opportunistic party switching<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003<\/strong> further strengthened these provisions.<br>\u2022 The Speaker or Chairman of the House decides cases related to disqualification under this Schedule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What type of governance structure is provided under the Panchayati Raj system?<br>(a) Three-tier structure of local self-government at rural, intermediate, and district levels<br>(b) Four-tier structure including state level<br>(c) Two-tier structure<br>(d) Single-tier structure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The Panchayati Raj system is provided under <strong>Part IX (Articles 243 to 243-O)<\/strong> of the Constitution.<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 243B<\/strong> provides for a <strong>three-tier structure<\/strong> in states.<br>\u2022 The three levels are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gram Panchayat (Village Level)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Panchayat Samiti (Block\/Intermediate Level)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zila Parishad (District Level)<\/strong><br>\u2022 States with a population below <strong>20 lakh<\/strong> may not constitute the intermediate level.<br>\u2022 The system was given constitutional status by the <strong>73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It aims to strengthen <strong>grassroots democracy and local self-governance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Disputes between the Centre and the States fall under which jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?<br>(a) Appellate Jurisdiction<br>(b) Original Jurisdiction<br>(c) Advisory Jurisdiction<br>(d) Constitutional Jurisdiction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 131<\/strong> of the Constitution defines the <strong>Original Jurisdiction<\/strong> of the Supreme Court.<br>\u2022 Under this Article, disputes between:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Centre and one or more States<\/strong>, or<br>\u2022 <strong>Two or more States<\/strong><br>can be directly brought before the Supreme Court.<br>\u2022 The dispute must involve a <strong>question of legal right<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This jurisdiction is <strong>exclusive<\/strong>, meaning no other court can hear such cases.<br>\u2022 It plays a vital role in preserving the <strong>federal structure of India<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What is the minimum age required to become a Member of Lok Sabha, Member of Rajya Sabha, and the President of India?<br>(a) 25, 30 and 35<br>(b) 25, 35 and 45<br>(c) 25, 30 and 30<br>(d) 25, 35 and 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 According to <strong>Article 84<\/strong> of the Constitution \u2014<br>\u2022 The minimum age to become a <strong>Lok Sabha member<\/strong> is <strong>25 years<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The minimum age to become a <strong>Rajya Sabha member<\/strong> is <strong>30 years<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 According to <strong>Article 58(1)(b)<\/strong>, the minimum age to become the <strong>President of India<\/strong> is <strong>35 years<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 These age limits are fixed to ensure political maturity and adequate administrative understanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Under which Article is the Annual Financial Statement (Budget) presented before Parliament?<br>(a) Article 113<br>(b) Article 114<br>(c) Article 112<br>(d) Article 111<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 112<\/strong> provides for the presentation of the <strong>Annual Financial Statement<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is presented by the President before Parliament for every financial year.<br>\u2022 It contains the estimated <strong>receipts and expenditures<\/strong> of the Government of India for the upcoming year.<br>\u2022 Article 113 relates to <strong>Demands for Grants<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Article 114 relates to the <strong>Appropriation Bill<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Article 111 deals with the <strong>President\u2019s assent to Bills<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Parliament can make laws to implement international treaties for any part or the whole of India \u2014<br>(a) With consent of all states<br>(b) With consent of majority of states<br>(c) With consent of the concerned state<br>(d) Without consent of states<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Article 253<\/strong> grants special powers to Parliament.<br>\u2022 Parliament can make laws to implement <strong>international treaties, agreements, or conventions<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Such laws may apply to the whole of India or any part of it.<br>\u2022 Parliament can even legislate on matters in the <strong>State List<\/strong> for this purpose.<br>\u2022 In such cases, <strong>consent of the states is not required<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This provision ensures that India can effectively fulfill its international obligations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The proportion of total deposits that a commercial bank must keep with the Reserve Bank of India is called \u2014<br>(a) Statutory Reserve Ratio<br>(b) Statutory Liquidity Ratio<br>(c) Cash Reserve Ratio<br>(d) Deposit Ratio<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)<\/strong> is the minimum percentage of a bank\u2019s total deposits (NDTL) that must be kept with the <strong>Reserve Bank of India (RBI)<\/strong> in cash form.<br>\u2022 Banks cannot use this amount for lending or investment.<br>\u2022 CRR is an important tool of <strong>Monetary Policy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 When RBI increases CRR \u2192 lending capacity of banks decreases \u2192 money supply reduces.<br>\u2022 When RBI decreases CRR \u2192 lending capacity increases \u2192 economic activity is stimulated.<br>\u2022 The rate is revised periodically by RBI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is an instrument of Fiscal Policy?<br>(a) Tax<br>(b) Cash Reserve Ratio<br>(c) Credit Ceiling<br>(d) Bank Rate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Fiscal Policy<\/strong> deals with government revenue and expenditure.<br>\u2022 It is managed by the <strong>Ministry of Finance<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Major instruments include \u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>Taxation<\/strong><br>\u2022 Government Expenditure<br>\u2022 Borrowing<br>\u2022 Subsidies<br>\u2022 Taxes may be:<br>\u2022 <strong>Direct Taxes<\/strong> (Income Tax, Corporate Tax)<br>\u2022 <strong>Indirect Taxes<\/strong> (GST, Customs Duty)<br>\u2022 CRR, Credit Ceiling, and Bank Rate are instruments of <strong>Monetary Policy<\/strong>, which is controlled by RBI.<br>\u2022 Fiscal policy aims at economic growth, employment generation, reducing inequality, and controlling inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What is the primary function of the Finance Commission in India?<br>(a) Distribution of revenue between the Centre and the States<br>(b) Allocation of funds to ministries of the Union and State governments<br>(c) Advising the President on financial matters<br>(d) Preparing the annual budget<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Under <strong>Article 280 of the Indian Constitution<\/strong>, the President constitutes the <strong>Finance Commission<\/strong> every five years (or earlier if required).<br>\u2022 The <strong>primary function<\/strong> of the Finance Commission is the <strong>distribution of the net proceeds of taxes between the Union and the States<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It also recommends the <strong>principles governing the distribution of the States\u2019 share among themselves<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This ensures <strong>Fiscal Federalism<\/strong>, maintaining financial balance between the Centre and the States.<br>\u2022 The Commission submits its <strong>recommendations to the President<\/strong>, but it does <strong>not prepare the Union Budget<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It also does <strong>not directly allocate funds to ministries<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which sector in India has benefited the most from globalization?<br>(a) Services<br>(b) All sectors equally<br>(c) Manufacturing<br>(d) Agriculture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Globalization<\/strong> refers to the increasing integration of economies through trade, investment, technology, and services.<br>\u2022 After the <strong>1991 Economic Reforms<\/strong>, globalization accelerated in India.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Service Sector<\/strong> benefited the most, especially:<br>\u2022 <strong>Information Technology (IT)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Banking and Financial Services<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Telecommunications<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Tourism<\/strong><br>\u2022 India became a global leader in <strong>software exports and IT-enabled services<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The service sector contributes <strong>more than 50% to India\u2019s GDP<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Although manufacturing and agriculture also gained, the <strong>growth rate of the service sector was significantly higher<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Choose the correct pair from the following options.<br>(a) Fourth Five-Year Plan \u2014 Focus on services<br>(b) Fifth Five-Year Plan \u2014 Focus on industry<br>(c) Third Five-Year Plan \u2014 Focus on globalization<br>(d) First Five-Year Plan \u2014 Focus on agriculture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Five-Year Plans<\/strong> were introduced to guide India\u2019s economic development.<br>\u2022 The correct matching is:<br>\u2022 <strong>First Five-Year Plan (1951\u201356) \u2014 Focus on Agriculture<\/strong><br>\u2022 The main objective was to <strong>increase agricultural production and develop irrigation facilities<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Second Five-Year Plan (1956\u201361)<\/strong> focused on <strong>heavy industries<\/strong>, based on the <strong>Mahalanobis Model<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Third Five-Year Plan (1961\u201366)<\/strong> aimed at <strong>self-reliance in agriculture and industry<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Fourth Plan (1969\u201374)<\/strong> emphasized <strong>stability and self-reliance<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Fifth Plan (1974\u201379)<\/strong> focused on <strong>poverty removal (Garibi Hatao)<\/strong> and self-reliance.<br>\u2022 Therefore, option (d) is the correct pair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is a function of the Central Bank?<br>(a) Managing the Repo Rate<br>(b) Lending to commercial banks<br>(c) Providing banking services to the government<br>(d) All of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Reserve Bank of India (RBI)<\/strong> is the <strong>Central Bank of India<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its major functions include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Issuing currency (Currency Issue)<\/strong><br>\u2022 Acting as the <strong>Banker, Agent, and Debt Manager of the Government<\/strong><br>\u2022 Acting as the <strong>Banker\u2019s Bank<\/strong><br>\u2022 Conducting <strong>Monetary Policy<\/strong> (Repo Rate, CRR, SLR, Bank Rate, etc.)<br>\u2022 Managing <strong>Foreign Exchange Reserves<\/strong><br>\u2022 RBI provides loans to <strong>commercial banks<\/strong> when required.<br>\u2022 It also manages the <strong>Repo Rate<\/strong>, which controls liquidity in the economy.<br>\u2022 Hence, all the given options are correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> NNP at Factor Cost is equal to \u2014<br>(a) GNP at Factor Cost \u2013 Net Indirect Taxes<br>(b) GNP at Market Price<br>(c) Disposable Personal Income<br>(d) National Income<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>NNP (Net National Product)<\/strong> is obtained after subtracting <strong>Depreciation<\/strong> from GNP.<br>\u2022 When NNP is calculated at <strong>Factor Cost<\/strong>, it is called <strong>National Income<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore:<br><strong>NNP at Factor Cost = National Income<\/strong><br>\u2022 Conversion formula:<br><strong>NNP at Market Price \u2013 Indirect Taxes + Subsidies = NNP at Factor Cost<\/strong><br>\u2022 In India, National Income is estimated by the <strong>National Statistical Office (NSO)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 National Income is measured using three methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Production Method<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Income Method<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Expenditure Method<\/strong><br>\u2022 India\u2019s financial year runs from <strong>1 April to 31 March<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The legally prescribed maximum size of land beyond which no farmer can hold land is called \u2014<br>(a) Land Consolidation<br>(b) Land Ceiling<br>(c) Abolition of Intermediaries<br>(d) Tenancy Reforms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The term refers to <strong>Land Ceiling<\/strong>, not geographical boundary.<br>\u2022 Under the <strong>Land Ceiling Act<\/strong>, a legal limit was imposed on the maximum agricultural land an individual or family could own.<br>\u2022 It was an important part of <strong>Land Reforms in India<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The objectives were:<br>\u2022 Distribution of surplus land to <strong>landless farmers<\/strong><br>\u2022 Elimination of <strong>zamindari tendencies<\/strong><br>\u2022 Promotion of <strong>social and economic equality<\/strong><br>\u2022 Most states implemented land ceiling laws during the <strong>1950s\u20131970s<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Thus, the legally fixed maximum landholding limit is known as <strong>Land Ceiling<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The full form of UPI is \u2014<br>(a) Uninterrupted Payment Initiation<br>(b) Uniform Payment Inception<br>(c) Unified Payment Interface<br>(d) United Payment Initiation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 UPI stands for <strong>Unified Payment Interface<\/strong>, a digital payment system in India.<br>\u2022 It was developed by the <strong>National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was launched in <strong>2016<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Key features include:<br>\u2022 24\u00d77 instant fund transfer<br>\u2022 Mobile-based transactions<br>\u2022 Managing multiple bank accounts through a single app<br>\u2022 Facility of Virtual Payment Address (VPA)<br>\u2022 UPI has made digital transactions simple, fast, and widely accessible in India.<br>\u2022 India is now among the leading countries in real-time digital payments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) technology is used to produce \u2014<br>(a) Brown Hydrogen<br>(b) Grey Hydrogen<br>(c) Green Hydrogen<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)<\/strong> is an industrial method of hydrogen production.<br>\u2022 Methane (CH\u2084) reacts with steam (H\u2082O) at high temperature (700\u20131000\u00b0C) in the presence of a nickel catalyst.<br>\u2022 Main reaction:<br>CH\u2084 + H\u2082O \u2192 CO + 3H\u2082<br>\u2022 Followed by Water-Gas Shift Reaction:<br>CO + H\u2082O \u2192 CO\u2082 + H\u2082<br>\u2022 The hydrogen produced through this process is called <strong>Grey Hydrogen<\/strong> because carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) is released.<br>\u2022 If CO\u2082 is captured and stored, it is called <strong>Blue Hydrogen<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Hydrogen produced through electrolysis using renewable energy is called <strong>Green Hydrogen<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The sour taste in vinegar is due to \u2014<br>(a) Tartaric acid<br>(b) Lactic acid<br>(c) Citric acid<br>(d) None of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The sour taste of vinegar is mainly due to <strong>Acetic Acid<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The chemical formula of acetic acid is <strong>CH<\/strong><strong>\u2083<\/strong><strong>COOH<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Vinegar generally contains about <strong>4\u20138% acetic acid<\/strong> in water.<br>\u2022 It is produced by the fermentation of ethanol by bacteria.<br>\u2022 Since acetic acid is not listed among the options, the correct answer is <strong>None of these<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The standard electrode potentials of metals A, B, and C are +0.5 V, \u22123 V, and \u22121.2 V respectively. Their reducing power will be \u2014<br>(a) A &gt; C &gt; B<br>(b) B &gt; C &gt; A<br>(c) C &gt; B &gt; A<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Standard electrode potential indicates the tendency of a metal to gain or lose electrons.<br>\u2022 The more negative the value, the stronger the reducing agent.<br>\u2022 Given values:<br>\u2022 A = +0.5 V<br>\u2022 B = \u22123 V<br>\u2022 C = \u22121.2 V<br>\u2022 Since B has the most negative value, it is the strongest reducing agent.<br>\u2022 Next comes C, and then A.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the order of reducing power is: <strong>B &gt; C &gt; A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Buds are typically found \u2014<br>(a) At the base of leaves and at the tips of branches<br>(b) At the tips of branches<br>(c) At the base of leaves<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Buds are the initial points of new growth in plants.<br>\u2022 They are found at two main locations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Axillary buds<\/strong> \u2014 at the base of leaves.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Terminal buds<\/strong> \u2014 at the tips of branches.<br>\u2022 Terminal buds help in increasing the length of the plant.<br>\u2022 Axillary buds develop into new branches or flowers.<br>\u2022 Flower buds may later develop into fruits.<br>\u2022 Therefore, buds are found at both locations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Ishihara Test is related to \u2014<br>(a) Bone density<br>(b) IQ<br>(c) Color blindness<br>(d) Hemoglobin level<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The Ishihara Test is a standard method to detect <strong>color vision deficiency (color blindness)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was developed by Japanese scientist <strong>Dr. Shinobu Ishihara<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The test consists of plates with colored dots forming numbers or patterns.<br>\u2022 A person with normal vision can identify the number, while a color-blind person may not.<br>\u2022 It mainly detects red-green color defects (Protanopia and Deuteranopia).<br>\u2022 It is widely used in medical exams, armed forces selection, and driving license tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The reactance of a capacitor is \u2014<br>(a) Directly proportional to frequency<br>(b) Inversely proportional to the square root of frequency<br>(c) Inversely proportional to frequency<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The reactance of a capacitor is called <strong>capacitive reactance (Xc)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Formula:<br>Xc = 1 \/ (2\u03c0fC)<br>where f = frequency and C = capacitance.<br>\u2022 From the formula, Xc \u221d 1\/f.<br>\u2022 This means as frequency increases, reactance decreases.<br>\u2022 Its unit is ohm (\u03a9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> A nail is hammered into a tree trunk 1 meter above the ground. After two years, the nail will \u2014<br>(a) Remain at the same place<br>(b) Move sideways<br>(c) Move upward<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Increase in height of a tree occurs due to the <strong>apical meristem<\/strong> at the tips.<br>\u2022 Growth in length takes place only at the top of the stem and root.<br>\u2022 The middle portion of the trunk does not increase in height.<br>\u2022 It only undergoes secondary growth (increase in thickness) forming annual rings.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the nail will remain at the same height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The actual site of the dark reaction of photosynthesis is \u2014<br>(a) Grana<br>(b) Main lamella<br>(c) Stroma<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Photosynthesis occurs in two stages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Light reaction \u2014 in the thylakoid membranes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dark reaction (Calvin Cycle) \u2014 in the <strong>stroma<\/strong> of chloroplast.<br>\u2022 The dark reaction does not require light directly.<br>\u2022 It involves fixation and reduction of CO\u2082 to form glucose.<br>\u2022 These reactions are enzyme-controlled processes occurring in the stroma.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The catalyst used in hydrogenation of vegetable oil to make vanaspati ghee is \u2014<br>(a) Pd<br>(b) Fe<br>(c) Ni<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Vegetable oils contain unsaturated fatty acids.<br>\u2022 In hydrogenation, hydrogen gas is passed through the oil.<br>\u2022 <strong>Nickel (Ni)<\/strong> is used as a catalyst in this process.<br>\u2022 Hydrogen adds to double bonds, converting them into single bonds.<br>\u2022 This increases the melting point and converts liquid oil into solid vanaspati ghee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is not an electrophile?<br>(a) Na<br>(b) BF\u2083<br>(c) H\u207a<br>(d) All of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 An <strong>electrophile<\/strong> is a species that <strong>accepts an electron pair<\/strong> during a chemical reaction.<br>\u2022 <strong>BF<\/strong><strong>\u2083<\/strong><strong> (Boron trifluoride)<\/strong> is an <strong>electron-deficient compound<\/strong> because boron has an incomplete octet. Therefore, it readily accepts an electron pair and behaves as a strong <strong>electrophile<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>H<\/strong><strong>\u207a<\/strong><strong> (Proton)<\/strong> has no electrons and has a strong tendency to accept an electron pair, so it is also an <strong>electrophile<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Sodium (Na)<\/strong> is a metal that <strong>donates an electron<\/strong> to form Na\u207a. Hence, it behaves as a <strong>reducing agent<\/strong> and not as an electrophile.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the correct answer is <strong>Na<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The conductivity of a strong electrolyte \u2014<br>(a) Decreases on dilution<br>(b) Does not change on dilution<br>(c) Slightly increases on dilution<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 A <strong>strong electrolyte<\/strong> completely dissociates into ions in aqueous solution.<br>\u2022 There are two types of conductivity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Specific Conductivity (<\/strong><strong>\u03ba<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> \u2014 depends on the number of ions per unit volume.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Molar Conductivity (<\/strong><strong>\u039b<\/strong><strong>m)<\/strong> \u2014 depends on total ions produced per mole.<br>\u2022 On <strong>dilution<\/strong>, the <strong>number of ions per unit volume decreases<\/strong>, so <strong>specific conductivity decreases<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 However, <strong>molar conductivity increases<\/strong> because interionic attraction decreases and ions move more freely.<br>\u2022 Since the question refers generally to conductivity, the correct answer is that it <strong>decreases on dilution<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> To obtain an ideal solution by mixing liquids A and B \u2014<br>(a) Entropy of mixing should be zero<br>(b) Free energy of mixing should be zero<br>(c) Enthalpy of mixing should be zero<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 An <strong>ideal solution<\/strong> is one that strictly obeys <strong>Raoult\u2019s Law<\/strong> at all concentrations.<br>\u2022 For an ideal solution, the <strong>enthalpy change of mixing (<\/strong><strong>\u0394<\/strong><strong>H<\/strong><strong>\u2098\u1d62\u2093<\/strong><strong>) is zero<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This means that <strong>no heat is absorbed or evolved<\/strong> during mixing.<br>\u2022 The intermolecular forces between <strong>A\u2013A, B\u2013B, and A\u2013B molecules are nearly equal<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Also, the <strong>volume change of mixing (<\/strong><strong>\u0394<\/strong><strong>V<\/strong><strong>\u2098\u1d62\u2093<\/strong><strong>) is zero<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Such solutions are generally formed when the two liquids are <strong>chemically similar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the correct condition is <strong>\u0394<\/strong><strong>H<\/strong><strong>\u2098\u1d62\u2093<\/strong><strong> = 0<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The liver stores \u2014<br>(a) Vitamins A, B, C and D<br>(b) Only A and B<br>(c) A, B and C<br>(d) None of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>liver<\/strong> is the largest gland of the human body and performs numerous metabolic functions.<br>\u2022 It mainly stores <strong>fat-soluble vitamins \u2014 A, D, E, and K<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Vitamin B<\/strong><strong>\u2081\u2082<\/strong> is also stored in the liver for a long period.<br>\u2022 <strong>Water-soluble vitamins<\/strong>, such as <strong>Vitamin C and most B-complex vitamins<\/strong>, are not stored in large quantities.<br>\u2022 Since the correct combination (A, D, E, K, and B\u2081\u2082) is not given in the options, the correct answer is <strong>None of these<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The Moon has no atmosphere because \u2014<br>(a) It is close to Earth<br>(b) The escape velocity is less than the RMS velocity of gas molecules<br>(c) It revolves around Earth<br>(d) It receives light from the Sun<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 For a celestial body to retain an atmosphere, it must have <strong>sufficient gravitational force<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 If the <strong>Root Mean Square (RMS) velocity<\/strong> of gas molecules is equal to or greater than the <strong>escape velocity<\/strong>, the gases escape into space.<br>\u2022 The Moon\u2019s <strong>escape velocity is about 2.38 km\/s<\/strong>, which is very low compared to Earth.<br>\u2022 Due to its <strong>weak gravity<\/strong>, gas molecules cannot remain bound to its surface.<br>\u2022 As a result, gases escape into space, and the Moon has <strong>no permanent atmosphere<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This is why there is an <strong>extreme temperature difference<\/strong> between lunar day and night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Quinine used for malaria is obtained from which part of the plant?<br>(a) Leaves<br>(b) Root<br>(c) Bark of stem<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Quinine<\/strong> is an important drug used in the treatment of <strong>malaria<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is obtained from the <strong>bark of the Cinchona tree<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Cinchona trees are mainly found in <strong>South America and tropical regions<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Quinine is particularly effective against <strong>Plasmodium falciparum<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Excess consumption may cause <strong>quinism<\/strong>, with symptoms like headache, nausea, tinnitus, and blurred vision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Turmeric powder is obtained from which part of the plant?<br>(a) Dry base<br>(b) Dry root<br>(c) Seed<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The botanical name of turmeric is <strong>Curcuma longa<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Turmeric powder is obtained from the <strong>underground stem called rhizome<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A <strong>rhizome<\/strong> is a <strong>modified stem<\/strong>, not a root.<br>\u2022 The rhizomes are boiled, dried, and then ground into powder.<br>\u2022 Since \u201crhizome\u201d is not mentioned in the options, the correct answer is <strong>None of the above<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In physical form, hydrogen is stored by \u2014<br>(a) As hydride<br>(b) As water<br>(c) By compressing hydrogen gas<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Hydrogen is a <strong>very light and highly flammable gas<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Physically, it is commonly stored as <strong>compressed hydrogen gas in high-pressure cylinders<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It can also be stored as <strong>liquefied hydrogen<\/strong> at very low temperatures.<br>\u2022 Storage without chemical change is called <strong>physical storage<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the correct answer is <strong>compression of hydrogen gas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When the diameter of the objective lens of a telescope increases, its resolving power \u2014<br>(a) Remains unchanged<br>(b) Depends on focal length<br>(c) Increases<br>(d) Decreases<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Resolving power<\/strong> is the ability of a telescope to distinguish between two closely spaced objects.<br>\u2022 The formula is: <strong>Resolving Power <\/strong><strong>\u221d<\/strong><strong> D\/<\/strong><strong>\u03bb<\/strong><br>where <strong>D = diameter of the objective lens<\/strong> and <strong>\u03bb<\/strong><strong> = wavelength of light<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 As the <strong>diameter increases<\/strong>, more light is collected.<br>\u2022 Greater light collection improves <strong>angular resolution<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, increasing the diameter <strong>increases the resolving power<\/strong> of the telescope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Compared to burning in air at 100\u00b0C, burning by steam at 100\u00b0C is \u2014<br>(a) Less dangerous due to higher latent heat of vaporization<br>(b) More dangerous due to higher latent heat of vaporization<br>(c) Less dangerous due to lower latent heat of vaporization<br>(d) More dangerous due to lower latent heat of vaporization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Both <strong>boiling water and steam at 100\u00b0C<\/strong> may have the same temperature.<br>\u2022 However, <strong>steam contains additional energy<\/strong> in the form of <strong>latent heat of vaporization<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 When steam comes in contact with the skin, it <strong>condenses into water<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 During condensation, it <strong>releases the latent heat<\/strong> stored in it.<br>\u2022 This released latent heat transfers <strong>extra thermal energy<\/strong> to the skin.<br>\u2022 As a result, steam causes <strong>more severe burns<\/strong> than boiling water at the same temperature.<br>\u2022 The <strong>latent heat of vaporization of water is very high<\/strong>, which makes steam burns more dangerous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Lightweight bulletproof helmets and shields are made using which fiber?<br>(a) Terylene<br>(b) Nylon<br>(c) Kevlar<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Kevlar<\/strong> is a very strong <strong>synthetic fiber<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It has <strong>high tensile strength<\/strong> and is much stronger than steel on a weight basis.<br>\u2022 It is <strong>lightweight yet extremely durable<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Kevlar is also <strong>heat-resistant<\/strong> and impact-resistant.<br>\u2022 In bulletproof jackets and helmets, Kevlar fibers <strong>absorb and distribute the energy of the bullet<\/strong> over a larger area.<br>\u2022 This reduces the impact force and prevents penetration.<br>\u2022 Due to these properties, <strong>Kevlar is widely used in defense and protective equipment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The unit for measuring magnetic field strength is \u2014<br>(a) Cobalt<br>(b) Ampere<br>(c) Ohm<br>(d) Tesla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The SI unit of <strong>magnetic field (magnetic flux density)<\/strong> is <strong>Tesla (T)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 1 Tesla = <strong>1 Weber per square meter (Wb\/m\u00b2)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It measures the <strong>strength of the magnetic field<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In the CGS system, the unit is <strong>Gauss<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>1 Tesla = 10,000 Gauss<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Ampere is the unit of <strong>electric current<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Ohm is the unit of <strong>electrical resistance<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Cobalt is a <strong>metal<\/strong>, not a unit.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the correct unit of magnetic field is <strong>Tesla<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Apart from spreading malaria, Anopheles mosquito is also a vector of \u2014<br>(a) Dengue and Filariasis<br>(b) Dengue and Encephalitis<br>(c) Encephalitis and Filariasis<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Anopheles mosquito<\/strong> is the primary vector of <strong>Malaria<\/strong>, caused by the <em>Plasmodium<\/em> parasite.<br>\u2022 In certain regions, it can also play a role in spreading <strong>Encephalitis<\/strong>, a disease involving inflammation of the brain caused by viruses.<br>\u2022 It may also transmit <strong>Filariasis<\/strong>, caused by the parasitic worm <em>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/em>.<br>\u2022 Filariasis leads to swelling of body parts (commonly called elephantiasis).<br>\u2022 Anopheles mosquito can be identified by its <strong>resting position<\/strong>, where its body forms an angle with the surface.<br>\u2022 <strong>Dengue<\/strong> is mainly transmitted by the <strong>Aedes mosquito<\/strong>, not Anopheles.<br>\u2022 Hence, the correct combination is <strong>Encephalitis and Filariasis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The blood group of a person is determined by \u2014<br>(a) Presence of hemoglobin<br>(b) Combination of WBC and RBC<br>(c) Size of RBC<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Blood group is determined on the basis of <strong>genetic inheritance<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It depends on <strong>genes received from parents<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The main system for blood grouping is the <strong>ABO system<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 There are <strong>four blood groups \u2014 A, B, AB, and O<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Blood group is decided by the <strong>presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of Red Blood Cells (RBCs)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 If <strong>A antigen<\/strong> is present \u2192 Blood group A.<br>\u2022 If <strong>B antigen<\/strong> is present \u2192 Blood group B.<br>\u2022 If <strong>both A and B antigens<\/strong> are present \u2192 Blood group AB.<br>\u2022 If <strong>no antigen<\/strong> is present \u2192 Blood group O.<br>\u2022 Additionally, the <strong>Rh factor (Rh<\/strong><strong>\u207a<\/strong><strong> or Rh<\/strong><strong>\u207b<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> also plays an important role.<br>\u2022 Since none of the given options correctly describe antigen presence on RBCs, the correct answer is <strong>None of the above<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> One property of X-rays is that they can be deflected by \u2014<br>(a) Both electric and magnetic fields<br>(b) Only electric field<br>(c) Only magnetic field<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 X-rays are a type of <strong>electromagnetic waves<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 They have <strong>very short wavelength and high energy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 They do not contain any <strong>charged particles<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 An <strong>electric field affects only charged particles<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A <strong>magnetic field affects only moving charged particles<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Since X-rays are <strong>uncharged electromagnetic radiation<\/strong>, they cannot be deflected by electric or magnetic fields.<br>\u2022 X-rays were discovered in <strong>1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 They are widely used in <strong>medical imaging, industrial inspection, and security scanning<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, they cannot be deflected by either electric or magnetic fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The number of scientific instruments installed on the Aditya L-1 mission for systematic study of the Sun is \u2014<br>(a) 9<br>(b) 6<br>(c) 7<br>(d) 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Aditya L-1<\/strong> is India\u2019s first dedicated <strong>solar mission<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was launched by the <strong>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The spacecraft is positioned near the <strong>L1 Lagrange Point<\/strong>, about <strong>1.5 million km from Earth<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The L1 point allows <strong>continuous and unobstructed observation of the Sun<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The mission carries <strong>7 scientific payloads (instruments)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Out of these, <strong>4 are remote sensing payloads<\/strong> to study the <strong>photosphere, chromosphere, and corona<\/strong> of the Sun.<br>\u2022 The remaining <strong>3 are in-situ payloads<\/strong> to study <strong>solar wind, plasma, and energetic particles<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The main objective is to understand <strong>solar activity, solar storms, and space weather<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the total number of instruments onboard is <strong>seven<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following is responsible for the formation of a shadow?<br>(a) Polarization<br>(b) Rectilinear propagation of light<br>(c) Diffraction<br>(d) Interference<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The formation of a shadow is due to the <strong>Rectilinear Propagation of Light<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Rectilinear propagation means that <strong>light travels in a straight line<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 When an <strong>opaque object<\/strong> comes in the path of light, it blocks the light rays.<br>\u2022 As a result, a <strong>dark region<\/strong> is formed behind the object.<br>\u2022 This dark region is called a <strong>shadow<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 If light did not travel in straight lines, a clear shadow would not be formed.<br>\u2022 A shadow may consist of two parts \u2014 <strong>Umbra (complete shadow)<\/strong> and <strong>Penumbra (partial shadow)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The size and shape of the shadow depend on the <strong>position of the light source and the object<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Polarization, diffraction, and interference are other optical phenomena, but they are not responsible for shadow formation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who is the current Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)?<br>(a) G. Madhavan Nair<br>(b) U. R. Rao<br>(c) S. Somanath<br>(d) K. Sivan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Dr. S. Somanath<\/strong> has served as the Chairman of <strong>ISRO<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He assumed office on <strong>15 January 2022<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Before becoming Chairman, he was the Director of <strong>Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Under his leadership, <strong>Chandrayaan-3<\/strong> successfully landed near the Moon\u2019s south pole.<br>\u2022 During his tenure, <strong>Aditya-L1<\/strong>, India\u2019s first solar mission, was also launched.<br>\u2022 He contributed significantly to projects like <strong>Gaganyaan Mission<\/strong>, <strong>SSLV<\/strong>, and <strong>RLV-LEX<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 His tenure marked important achievements in India\u2019s space exploration program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> An electron of mass M kg and charge e coulomb moves from rest through a potential difference of V volts. Its final energy in joules will be \u2014<br>(a) eV<br>(b) VM<br>(c) MeV<br>(d) M<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 When a charge <strong>q<\/strong> moves through a potential difference <strong>V<\/strong>, the energy gained is given by <strong>E = qV<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 For an electron, the charge <strong>e = 1.6 \u00d7 10<\/strong><strong>\u207b<\/strong><strong>\u00b9<\/strong><strong>\u2079<\/strong><strong> coulomb<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The electron is initially at <strong>rest<\/strong>, so its initial kinetic energy is zero.<br>\u2022 As it moves through the potential difference, its <strong>electrical potential energy converts into kinetic energy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the final energy gained is <strong>E = eV joules<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The unit of energy is <strong>joule (J)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The mass <strong>M<\/strong> does not directly affect the energy expression in this case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When an antigen enters the body through vaccination, antibodies are produced by \u2014<br>(a) Both B and T cells<br>(b) Only B cells<br>(c) Only T cells<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 A <strong>vaccine<\/strong> introduces a weakened or inactivated <strong>antigen<\/strong> into the body.<br>\u2022 The <strong>immune system<\/strong> recognizes the antigen as foreign.<br>\u2022 <strong>B-lymphocytes (B-cells)<\/strong> get activated upon exposure to the antigen.<br>\u2022 These B-cells differentiate into <strong>plasma cells<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Plasma cells produce large amounts of <strong>antibodies<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Antibodies specifically bind to pathogens and help neutralize them.<br>\u2022 <strong>T-cells<\/strong> help regulate and support the immune response but do not directly produce antibodies.<br>\u2022 Memory cells are also formed, which provide <strong>long-term immunity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The name of India\u2019s first 3D printed human-like robot is \u2014<br>(a) Indro<br>(b) Robocop<br>(c) Mitra<br>(d) Manav<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Manav<\/strong> is India\u2019s first <strong>3D printed humanoid robot<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was developed using advanced <strong>3D printing technology<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In 3D printing, objects are created <strong>layer by layer<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The robot is about <strong>two feet tall<\/strong> and resembles a human.<br>\u2022 It is equipped with around <strong>21 sensors<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It has <strong>cameras in its eyes<\/strong> for visual recognition.<br>\u2022 It also contains <strong>microphones<\/strong> to detect sound.<br>\u2022 The robot is designed to perform tasks using <strong>Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It represents progress in India\u2019s <strong>robotics and advanced manufacturing technology<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?<br>(a) Vitamin A<br>(b) Vitamin D<br>(c) Vitamin K<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Vitamins are classified based on <strong>solubility<\/strong> into two groups.<br>\u2022 <strong>Water-soluble vitamins<\/strong> include <strong>Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Fat-soluble vitamins<\/strong> include <strong>Vitamin A, D, E, and K<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The options given (A, D, K) are all <strong>fat-soluble vitamins<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Water-soluble vitamins are <strong>not stored in the body for long periods<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the <strong>liver and fatty tissues<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, none of the given options is water-soluble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which district of Bihar is the world-famous painting found?<br>(a) Madhubani<br>(b) Madhepura<br>(c) Darbhanga<br>(d) Samastipur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Madhubani district<\/strong> is located in the <strong>Mithila region of Bihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is famous for <strong>Madhubani Painting<\/strong>, also known as <strong>Mithila Painting<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This is a traditional <strong>folk art form<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Natural colors and pigments are commonly used in this art.<br>\u2022 Themes often include <strong>religious, mythological, and nature-based subjects<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 According to tradition, the art originated during the <strong>wedding of Lord Rama and Sita<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It has gained <strong>national and international recognition<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Artist <strong>Jagdamba Devi<\/strong> received the <strong>Padma Shri<\/strong> for promoting this art form.<br>\u2022 Madhubani painting is recognized as an important part of India\u2019s <strong>cultural heritage<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following Acts converted Bihar\u2019s unicameral legislature into a bicameral legislature \u2014 Bihar Legislative Assembly and Bihar Legislative Council?<br>(a) Government of India Act, 1919<br>(b) Government of India Act, 1909<br>(c) Government of India Act, 1935<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Government of India Act, 1919<\/strong> is also known as the <strong>Montagu\u2013Chelmsford Reforms<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This Act introduced the system of <strong>Dyarchy in the provinces<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It also provided for the establishment of a <strong>Bicameral Legislature in certain provinces<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Under this Act, Bihar and Orissa were organized as a separate province.<br>\u2022 The province was given two legislative bodies \u2014 the <strong>Legislative Assembly (Lower House)<\/strong> and the <strong>Legislative Council (Upper House)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Before this Act, the legislative structure was <strong>unicameral<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Thus, the <strong>Government of India Act, 1919<\/strong> gave Bihar a <strong>bicameral legislative system<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In 2019\u201320, which sector contributed 60.2 percent to Bihar\u2019s GSDP?<br>(a) Service sector<br>(b) Manufacturing sector<br>(c) Industrial sector<br>(d) Agriculture sector<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product)<\/strong> represents the total economic output of a state.<br>\u2022 According to the <strong>Bihar Economic Survey 2020\u201321<\/strong>, the <strong>Service Sector<\/strong> had the highest contribution in 2019\u201320.<br>\u2022 The service sector is also known as the <strong>Tertiary Sector<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It includes activities such as <strong>trade, transport, banking, education, health, tourism, and communication<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In 2019\u201320, the service sector contributed <strong>60.2%<\/strong> to Bihar\u2019s GSDP.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Primary Sector (Agriculture and allied activities)<\/strong> contributed around <strong>19.5%<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>Secondary Sector (Industry and manufacturing)<\/strong> contributed around <strong>20.3%<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the service sector had the largest share in Bihar\u2019s economy during that year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which district of Bihar is maize production highest?<br>(a) Muzaffarpur<br>(b) East Champaran<br>(c) Siwan<br>(d) Saran<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Bihar is one of the leading agricultural states in India.<br>\u2022 <strong>Maize (Corn)<\/strong> is one of the major crops cultivated in the state.<br>\u2022 According to the <strong>Bihar Economic Survey 2023\u201324<\/strong>, among the given options, <strong>Muzaffarpur<\/strong> recorded the highest production.<br>\u2022 In 2022\u201323, Muzaffarpur produced approximately <strong>156.36 thousand tonnes<\/strong> of maize.<br>\u2022 East Champaran, Siwan, and Saran recorded comparatively lower production figures.<br>\u2022 Although at the state level <strong>Araria district<\/strong> has the highest production, it is not among the given options.<br>\u2022 Hence, among the listed districts, <strong>Muzaffarpur<\/strong> is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which river is known as the \u201cSorrow of Bihar\u201d?<br>(a) Son<br>(b) Gandak<br>(c) Kosi<br>(d) Ganga<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Kosi River<\/strong> is known as the <strong>\u201cSorrow of Bihar.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 It originates in the <strong>Himalayan region of Nepal<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The river is notorious for its frequent <strong>change of course (river shifting)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Due to its unstable flow, it causes severe <strong>floods<\/strong> in North Bihar.<br>\u2022 These floods result in large-scale <strong>loss of life, crops, and property<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Historically, the river has shifted its course several times over the decades.<br>\u2022 Finally, it joins the <strong>Ganga River<\/strong> within Bihar.<br>\u2022 Because of repeated flood devastation, it is called the <strong>\u201cSorrow of Bihar.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which district of Bihar is litchi production highest?<br>(a) Siwan<br>(b) Sonpur<br>(c) Muzaffarpur<br>(d) Chhapra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Bihar is one of the leading producers of <strong>litchi<\/strong> in India.<br>\u2022 According to the <strong>Bihar Economic Survey 2023\u201324<\/strong>, the highest production in 2022\u201323 was recorded in <strong>Muzaffarpur district<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Muzaffarpur produced approximately <strong>147.95 thousand tonnes<\/strong> of litchi.<br>\u2022 The district is famous for its high-quality <strong>\u201cShahi Litchi.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 \u201cShahi Litchi\u201d has received the <strong>GI (Geographical Indication) Tag<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Favorable <strong>climatic conditions and fertile alluvial soil<\/strong> contribute to high production.<br>\u2022 Other districts like Siwan produce litchi, but in comparatively smaller quantities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In April 2020, the Bihar Education Department started which of the following programs through DD Bihar?<br>(a) Broadcasting e-content for Class V\u2013VI students<br>(b) Broadcasting e-content for Class IX\u2013X students<br>(c) Broadcasting Krishak-Chaupal program for farmers<br>(d) Broadcasting a cultural program to preserve Bihar\u2019s old culture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 In <strong>2020<\/strong>, due to the <strong>COVID-19 pandemic<\/strong>, schools were closed across the state.<br>\u2022 To ensure continuity of education, the <strong>Bihar Education Department<\/strong> took several digital initiatives.<br>\u2022 One such initiative was broadcasting <strong>E-Content through DD Bihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Separate time slots were allocated for different classes.<br>\u2022 Special educational content was telecast for <strong>Class IX and X students<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The program continued in phases until <strong>28 February 2021<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The objective was to maintain <strong>uninterrupted learning through digital and television platforms<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> The average height of the Kosi plain above sea level is \u2014<br>(a) 100 meters<br>(b) 30 meters<br>(c) 150 meters<br>(d) 300 meters<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Kosi Plain<\/strong> is located in the northern part of Bihar.<br>\u2022 It forms a part of the <strong>Lower Ganga Plain<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The average elevation of this region is approximately <strong>30 meters above sea level<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The land is mostly <strong>flat and alluvial in nature<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The general slope of the region is from <strong>north-west to south-east<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Due to its low elevation, the area is highly <strong>flood-prone<\/strong>, especially during monsoon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When was Patna College established?<br>(a) 1865<br>(b) 1863<br>(c) 1861<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Patna College<\/strong> was established in <strong>1863<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is considered one of the <strong>oldest higher educational institutions in Bihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Initially, it was set up in the <strong>Patna City area<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Later, it was shifted to its present location on the banks of the Ganga.<br>\u2022 The institution has played a significant role in the <strong>educational and intellectual history of Bihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Many eminent personalities have been alumni of this college.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which district of Bihar is Makhana production highest?<br>(a) Vaishali<br>(b) Muzaffarpur<br>(c) Patna<br>(d) Madhubani<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Bihar is the leading producer of <strong>Makhana (Fox Nut)<\/strong> in India.<br>\u2022 Makhana is also known as <strong>Euryale ferox<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Among the given options, the highest production is in <strong>Madhubani district<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Other major producing districts include <strong>Darbhanga, Sitamarhi, Saharsa, and Katihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Makhana is mainly cultivated in <strong>ponds and waterlogged areas<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is a highly <strong>nutritious food product<\/strong> and has strong export potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In Bihar, 71 percent of India\u2019s annual production of which crop is produced?<br>(a) Pineapple<br>(b) Orange<br>(c) Litchi<br>(d) Mango<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Bihar is a leading producer of <strong>Litchi<\/strong> in India.<br>\u2022 Approximately <strong>71% of India\u2019s annual litchi production<\/strong> comes from Bihar.<br>\u2022 Major producing districts include <strong>Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Darbhanga, Samastipur, and Sitamarhi<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The famous <strong>\u201cShahi Litchi\u201d<\/strong> has received a <strong>Geographical Indication (GI) tag<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Favorable <strong>climatic conditions and fertile soil<\/strong> contribute to high production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> When was Bihar state formally established?<br>(a) 1915<br>(b) 1911<br>(c) 1906<br>(d) None of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 On <strong>22 March 1912<\/strong>, Bihar was separated from the <strong>Bengal Presidency<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The new administrative arrangement came into effect on <strong>1 April 1912<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Initially, <strong>Bihar and Orissa<\/strong> were formed as a combined province.<br>\u2022 On <strong>1 April 1936<\/strong>, Bihar and Orissa became separate provinces.<br>\u2022 <strong>22 March<\/strong> is celebrated every year as <strong>Bihar Diwas<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Since 1912 is not among the options, the correct answer is <strong>None of the above<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which district of Bihar is wheat production highest?<br>(a) Jehanabad<br>(b) Bhojpur<br>(c) Rohtas<br>(d) Patna<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 According to the <strong>Bihar Economic Survey 2023\u201324<\/strong>, in 2022\u201323 the highest wheat production was recorded in <strong>Rohtas district<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Rohtas produced approximately <strong>675.88 thousand tonnes<\/strong> of wheat.<br>\u2022 Bhojpur, Patna, and Jehanabad recorded comparatively lower production.<br>\u2022 Rohtas has <strong>fertile soil and good irrigation facilities<\/strong>, which support high productivity.<br>\u2022 Wheat is one of the major <strong>Rabi crops<\/strong> of Bihar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following Sufi orders was established in Bihar?<br>(a) Qadriya<br>(b) Firdousiya<br>(c) Qalandar<br>(d) Kuwariya<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Firdousiya Sufi order<\/strong> was established in Bihar.<br>\u2022 It is mainly associated with <strong>Sheikh Sharafuddin Ahmad Yahya Maneri<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He was honored with the title <strong>\u201cMakhdoom-ul-Mulk.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 His main center was at <strong>Maner Sharif<\/strong>, near Patna.<br>\u2022 The order emphasized <strong>spiritual devotion, love, tolerance, and service to humanity<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It played a significant role in the spread of <strong>Sufism in Bihar<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Even today, the shrines at <strong>Maner Sharif and Bihar Sharif<\/strong> are important religious centers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Under the Government of India Act, 1935, who was the first elected Chairman of the Bihar Legislative Council?<br>(a) Rai Bahadur Satish Chandra<br>(b) Rajiv Ranjan Sinha<br>(c) Rajendra Prasad<br>(d) More than one of the above<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Government of India Act, 1935<\/strong> introduced the system of <strong>Provincial Autonomy<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It provided for the establishment of <strong>bicameral legislatures<\/strong> in several provinces.<br>\u2022 In Bihar, the <strong>Legislative Council<\/strong> functioned as the <strong>Upper House<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Council elected a <strong>Chairman<\/strong> to preside over its proceedings.<br>\u2022 Under this arrangement, <strong>Rajiv Ranjan Prasad Sinha<\/strong> became the first elected Chairman of the Bihar Legislative Council.<br>\u2022 He played an important role in organizing and regulating the early functioning of the House.<br>\u2022 The Chairman is the highest presiding authority of the Legislative Council.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In 2023, which Indian company became the first to cross 200 billion US dollars in market capitalization?<br>(a) Infosys<br>(b) HDFC Bank<br>(c) TCS<br>(d) Reliance Industries<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Market Capitalization<\/strong> refers to the total market value of a company\u2019s outstanding shares.<br>\u2022 On <strong>10 September 2023<\/strong>, <strong>Reliance Industries Limited (RIL)<\/strong> crossed the <strong>200 billion US dollar<\/strong> mark.<br>\u2022 It became the first Indian company to achieve this milestone.<br>\u2022 During intraday trading, its valuation touched nearly <strong>210 billion US dollars<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Reliance operates in sectors such as <strong>energy, telecommunications, retail, and petrochemicals<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 After this achievement, it was included among the <strong>top 40 most valuable companies globally<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which country hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics?<br>(a) China<br>(b) South Korea<br>(c) Canada<br>(d) Japan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>2022 Winter Olympics<\/strong> were held from <strong>4 to 20 February 2022<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The host city was <strong>Beijing, China<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was the <strong>24th edition<\/strong> of the Winter Olympic Games.<br>\u2022 Beijing became the <strong>first city in the world to host both Summer (2008) and Winter Olympics<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Events were organized in <strong>Beijing and its surrounding regions<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Norway<\/strong> topped the medal tally in the 2022 Winter Olympics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2024?<br>(a) C. N. R. Rao<br>(b) M. S. Swaminathan<br>(c) Chandrashekhar<br>(d) Pranab Mukherjee<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Bharat Ratna<\/strong> is India\u2019s <strong>highest civilian award<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In <strong>2024<\/strong>, the Government of India announced the award to five distinguished personalities.<br>\u2022 <strong>Dr. M. S. Swaminathan<\/strong> was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously.<br>\u2022 He is regarded as the <strong>Father of the Green Revolution in India<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 His work significantly increased <strong>agricultural productivity and food security<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 His contributions helped India achieve <strong>self-sufficiency in food grain production<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which country hosted the 2023 World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting?<br>(a) Japan<br>(b) Canada<br>(c) Germany<br>(d) Switzerland<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>World Economic Forum (WEF)<\/strong> holds its annual meeting every year.<br>\u2022 The <strong>2023 meeting<\/strong> was held from <strong>16 to 20 January 2023<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It took place in <strong>Davos, Switzerland<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The theme of the meeting was <strong>\u201cCooperation in a Fragmented World.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 Political leaders, business executives, and social thinkers from across the globe participated.<br>\u2022 The WEF serves as a major platform for discussing <strong>global economic policies and international cooperation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which country hosted the COP28 Climate Summit in 2023?<br>(a) Italy<br>(b) Brazil<br>(c) United Kingdom<br>(d) United Arab Emirates<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>COP28<\/strong> was the 28th session of the <strong>United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It was held from <strong>30 November to 12 December 2023<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The host country was the <strong>United Arab Emirates (UAE)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The summit took place in <strong>Dubai<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The main objective of COP meetings is to strengthen <strong>global action against climate change<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The first COP meeting was held in <strong>Berlin, Germany, in 1995<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which of the following countries is not a member of the G7?<br>(a) Italy<br>(b) United States<br>(c) France<br>(d) Russia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>G7 (Group of Seven)<\/strong> is a group of seven major advanced economies.<br>\u2022 It was formed in <strong>1975 as G6<\/strong>, and became <strong>G7 in 1976<\/strong> after Canada joined.<br>\u2022 Current members are \u2014 <strong>United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The G7 discusses issues related to the <strong>global economy, trade, climate change, security, and public health<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The group does not have a permanent headquarters, and its <strong>presidency rotates annually<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In <strong>1998<\/strong>, Russia joined, forming the <strong>G8<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In <strong>2014<\/strong>, after the <strong>Crimea crisis<\/strong>, Russia was suspended, and the group returned to <strong>G7<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Indian state secured the top position in NITI Aayog\u2019s SDG India Index 2023?<br>(a) Gujarat<br>(b) Maharashtra<br>(c) Tamil Nadu<br>(d) Kerala<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>SDG India Index<\/strong> is released by <strong>NITI Aayog<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It measures the progress of states toward achieving the <strong>Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In <strong>2023\u201324<\/strong>, India\u2019s overall national score was <strong>71<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Kerala and Uttarakhand<\/strong> both scored <strong>79<\/strong>, sharing the top position.<br>\u2022 Kerala has consistently performed well in <strong>education, healthcare, and gender equality indicators<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Bihar recorded the lowest overall score among the states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which country will host the 20th Asian Games in 2026?<br>(a) China<br>(b) Indonesia<br>(c) Japan<br>(d) India<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>20th Asian Games (2026)<\/strong> will be hosted by <strong>Japan<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The event will be jointly organized in <strong>Aichi Prefecture and Nagoya City<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 This will be the <strong>third time<\/strong> the Asian Games are hosted by Japan.<br>\u2022 Previously, Japan hosted the Games in <strong>Tokyo (1958)<\/strong> and <strong>Hiroshima (1994)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Asian Games are organized by the <strong>Olympic Council of Asia (OCA)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which Indian city was declared India\u2019s first \u201cCity of Literature\u201d by UNESCO?<br>(a) Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh<br>(b) Kozhikode, Kerala<br>(c) Kolkata, West Bengal<br>(d) Nashik, Maharashtra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 In <strong>June 2024<\/strong>, <strong>UNESCO<\/strong> declared <strong>Kozhikode (Kerala)<\/strong> as a <strong>\u201cCity of Literature.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 The recognition was given under the <strong>UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 UCCN was established in <strong>2004<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Its aim is to promote <strong>sustainable urban development through creativity and culture<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Kozhikode is known for its rich <strong>literary heritage and publishing culture<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It became the <strong>first Indian city<\/strong> to receive this recognition in the literature category.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> According to the 2011 Census, which Indian state has the highest literacy rate?<br>(a) Himachal Pradesh<br>(b) Goa<br>(c) Mizoram<br>(d) Kerala<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The last official <strong>Census of India<\/strong> was conducted in <strong>2011<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The national average literacy rate in 2011 was <strong>74.04%<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Among all states, <strong>Kerala<\/strong> recorded the highest literacy rate.<br>\u2022 Kerala\u2019s overall literacy rate was <strong>94.00%<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Male literacy was approximately <strong>96.11%<\/strong>, while female literacy was about <strong>92.07%<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The high literacy level is due to <strong>strong educational infrastructure, social awareness, and focus on female education<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Kerala has consistently ranked high in <strong>human development indicators<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who is the Prime Minister of Italy in 2024?<br>(a) Emma Bonino<br>(b) Rosy Bindi<br>(c) Laura Boldrini<br>(d) Giorgia Meloni<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 In <strong>2024<\/strong>, <strong>Giorgia Meloni<\/strong> is serving as the Prime Minister of Italy.<br>\u2022 She took office on <strong>22 October 2022<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 She became <strong>Italy\u2019s first female Prime Minister<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 She is the leader of the political party <strong>\u201cBrothers of Italy.\u201d<\/strong><br>\u2022 Her coalition government is associated with a <strong>right-wing political ideology<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Under her leadership, Italy has remained active in the <strong>European Union and global diplomatic affairs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which field sport is the most popular in the world?<br>(a) Hockey<br>(b) Volleyball<br>(c) Soccer (Football)<br>(d) Cricket<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 <strong>Football (Soccer)<\/strong> is considered the <strong>most popular sport in the world<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It is played in more than <strong>200 countries<\/strong> across all continents.<br>\u2022 The sport is governed globally by <strong>FIFA (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Football Association)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>FIFA World Cup<\/strong> is the most widely viewed sporting event worldwide.<br>\u2022 The rules of football are relatively <strong>simple<\/strong>, and it requires <strong>minimal equipment<\/strong>, increasing accessibility.<br>\u2022 It has millions of fans in <strong>Europe, South America, Africa, and Asia<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Major leagues such as the <strong>English Premier League, La Liga, and UEFA Champions League<\/strong> further enhance its global popularity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Which sport was not included in the 33rd Olympic Games?<br>(a) Triathlon<br>(b) Modern Pentathlon<br>(c) Fencing<br>(d) Cricket<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>33rd Olympic Games<\/strong> were held in <strong>Paris, France, in 2024<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A total of <strong>32 sports<\/strong> were included in the event.<br>\u2022 <strong>Triathlon, Modern Pentathlon, and Fencing<\/strong> are traditional Olympic sports.<br>\u2022 <strong>Cricket<\/strong> was not included in the Paris 2024 Olympics.<br>\u2022 The list of Olympic sports is determined by the <strong>International Olympic Committee (IOC)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 However, cricket has been approved for inclusion in the <strong>2028 Los Angeles Olympics<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who was re-elected as the President of France in 2022?<br>(a) Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon<br>(b) \u00c9ric Zemmour<br>(c) Marine Le Pen<br>(d) Emmanuel Macron<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>French Presidential Election<\/strong> was held in <strong>April 2022<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In the first round, no candidate secured an absolute majority.<br>\u2022 A <strong>runoff election<\/strong> was conducted between the top two candidates.<br>\u2022 <strong>Emmanuel Macron<\/strong> defeated <strong>Marine Le Pen<\/strong> in the final round.<br>\u2022 He was re-elected for a <strong>second consecutive term<\/strong> as President of France.<br>\u2022 Macron is associated with the political party <strong>La R\u00e9publique En Marche (LREM)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> In which city was the G20 Summit held in India in 2023?<br>(a) Bengaluru<br>(b) Hyderabad<br>(c) Mumbai<br>(d) New Delhi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>G20 Summit 2023<\/strong> was held under <strong>India\u2019s presidency<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 It took place on <strong>9\u201310 September 2023<\/strong> in <strong>New Delhi<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The venue was <strong>Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The theme of the summit was <strong>\u201cVasudhaiva Kutumbakam\u201d (One Earth, One Family, One Future)<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 India held the G20 presidency from <strong>1 December 2022 to 30 November 2023<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 During this summit, the <strong>African Union<\/strong> was admitted as a permanent member.<br>\u2022 The <strong>New Delhi Leaders\u2019 Declaration<\/strong> was adopted unanimously.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2023?<br>(a) Abiy Ahmed<br>(b) Nadia Murad<br>(c) Narges Mohammadi<br>(d) Maria Ressa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The <strong>Nobel Peace Prize 2023<\/strong> was awarded to <strong>Narges Mohammadi<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 She is an <strong>Iranian human rights activist<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 She was honored for her struggle against the <strong>oppression of women in Iran<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 She has actively campaigned for <strong>human rights and freedom<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded by the <strong>Norwegian Nobel Committee<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The award recognizes efforts toward <strong>peace, justice, and human rights<\/strong> globally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> At what time between 2 and 3 o\u2019clock will the hands of a clock coincide?<br>(a) 2 hours <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"30\" src=\"\">minutes<br>(b) 2 hours 1<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"30\" src=\"\">minutes<br>(c) 2 hours <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"30\" src=\"\">&nbsp;minutes<br>(d) 2 hours <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"30\" src=\"\">&nbsp;minutes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 When the two hands of a clock coincide, the <strong>angle between them is 0\u00b0<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>hour hand<\/strong> moves <strong>30\u00b0 in one hour<\/strong> and <strong>0.5\u00b0 in one minute<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The <strong>minute hand<\/strong> moves <strong>6\u00b0 in one minute<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 At exactly <strong>2:00<\/strong>, the hour hand is at <strong>2 \u00d7 30\u00b0 = 60\u00b0<\/strong> from 12.<br>\u2022 Let the hands coincide after <strong>t minutes<\/strong> past 2.<br>\u2022 Then the angle covered by the minute hand = <strong>6t\u00b0<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The angle covered by the hour hand = <strong>60 + 0.5t\u00b0<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 For coincidence: <strong>6t = 60 + 0.5t<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, <strong>5.5t = 60<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 So, <strong>t = 60 \/ 5.5 = 120 \/ 11 minutes = 10 10\/11 minutes<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Hence, the hands coincide at <strong>2 hours 10 10\/11 minutes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> If a triangle represents men, a rectangle represents businessmen, and a circle represents millionaires, which number represents those men who are both businessmen and millionaires?<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 12<br>(b) 13<br>(c) 10<br>(d) 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 This question is based on a <strong>Venn Diagram<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Triangle = <strong>Men<\/strong>, Rectangle = <strong>Businessmen<\/strong>, Circle = <strong>Millionaires<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 We are required to find those individuals who belong to <strong>all three categories simultaneously<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 That means the value of <strong>Men <\/strong><strong>\u2229<\/strong><strong> Businessmen <\/strong><strong>\u2229<\/strong><strong> Millionaires<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In the given diagram, the common overlapping region of all three figures is marked as <strong>10<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, <strong>10<\/strong> represents men who are both businessmen and millionaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> How many triangles are there in the given figure?<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>(a) 12<br>(b) 14<br>(c) 10<br>(d) 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Number of <strong>small (single-unit) triangles<\/strong> = 5.<br>\u2022 Number of <strong>two-unit combined triangles<\/strong> = 4.<br>\u2022 Number of <strong>three-unit combined triangles<\/strong> = 2.<br>\u2022 Number of <strong>one large complete triangle<\/strong> = 1.<br>\u2022 Total number of triangles = <strong>5 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 12<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the total number of triangles in the figure is <strong>12<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> If 1 January 2008 was a Tuesday, what day of the week was 1 January 2009?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Thursday<br>(b) Sunday<br>(c) Wednesday<br>(d) Monday<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 The year <strong>2008<\/strong> was a <strong>Leap Year<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A leap year contains <strong>366 days<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 366 days = <strong>52 weeks + 2 extra days<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the first day of the next year shifts by <strong>2 days forward<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 1 January 2008 was <strong>Tuesday<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Moving two days ahead \u2192 <strong>Wednesday<\/strong>, then <strong>Thursday<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Hence, 1 January 2009 was <strong>Thursday<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> What will come in place of ? in the following series?<br>117, 98, 80, 64, ?, 42<br>(a) 48<br>(b) 46<br>(c) 51<br>(d) 55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Observe the pattern of subtraction in the series.<br>\u2022 117 \u2192 98 (<strong>\u221219<\/strong>)<br>\u2022 98 \u2192 80 (<strong>\u221218<\/strong>)<br>\u2022 80 \u2192 64 (<strong>\u221216<\/strong>)<br>\u2022 64 \u2192 ? (<strong>\u221213<\/strong>)<br>\u2022 ? \u2192 42 (<strong>\u22129<\/strong>)<br>\u2022 The differences are <strong>gradually decreasing<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 From 64, subtract 13: <strong>64 \u2212 13 = 51<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Now check: <strong>51 \u2212 9 = 42<\/strong>, which matches the last term.<br>\u2022 Therefore, the missing number is <strong>51<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> There are 15 chairs in a row. P is sitting in the middle, and Q is at the 12th position from the left. How many chairs are between P and Q?<br>(a) 4<br>(b) 5<br>(c) 3<br>(d) 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Total chairs = <strong>15<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Since 15 is an odd number, the middle position = <strong>(15 + 1) \/ 2 = 8th position<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, <strong>P is sitting at the 8th position<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Q is at the <strong>12th position from the left<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The difference in positions = <strong>12 \u2212 8 = 4<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 But the question asks for chairs <strong>between<\/strong> them, so exclude both ends.<br>\u2022 Chairs between them = <strong>4 \u2212 1 = 3<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Hence, there are <strong>3 chairs<\/strong> between P and Q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> If C is the brother of B, B is the son of A, D is the father of C, and A is a woman, then A is \u2014<br>(a) Sister of D<br>(b) Husband of D<br>(c) Wife of D<br>(d) Mother of D<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 C is the brother of B \u2192 C and B are siblings.<br>\u2022 B is the son of A \u2192 <strong>A is the mother of B<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Since C is B\u2019s brother, <strong>A is also the mother of C<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 D is the father of C \u2192 <strong>D is the father of both B and C<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 A is a woman and mother of the children.<br>\u2022 Therefore, A and D are husband and wife.<br>\u2022 Hence, <strong>A is the wife of D<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> CIRCLE is related to RICELC. In the same way, SQUARE is related to \u2014<br>(a) UQSERA<br>(b) UQSARE<br>(c) ERAUQS<br>(d) AREUQS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 CIRCLE \u2192 RICELC<br>\u2022 Write positions:<br>C I R C L E<br>1 2 3 4 5 6<br>\u2022 The pattern is: <strong>3 2 1 6 5 4<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 That means the <strong>first three letters are reversed<\/strong>, and the <strong>last three letters are reversed<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Apply the same rule to SQUARE:<br>S Q U A R E<br>1 2 3 4 5 6<br>\u2022 Reverse first three letters \u2192 <strong>U Q S<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Reverse last three letters \u2192 <strong>E R A<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Final word = <strong>UQSERA<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> Raj walks 80 meters from point X towards Y. He then turns right and walks 50 meters, then turns left and walks 70 meters. Finally, he turns right and walks 50 meters. How far is he from the starting point?<br>(a) 30 meters<br>(b) 45 meters<br>(c) 20 meters<br>(d) 10 meters<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Answer: d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solution:<br>\u2022 Raj first walks <strong>80 meters straight<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 He then turns right and walks <strong>50 meters<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Then he turns left and walks <strong>70 meters<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Finally, he turns right and walks <strong>50 meters<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 The two <strong>50-meter movements are in opposite directions<\/strong>, so they cancel each other out.<br>\u2022 Effectively, he moves <strong>80 meters forward and 70 meters backward in the same straight line<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Net displacement = <strong>80 \u2212 70 = 10 meters<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Therefore, Raj is <strong>10 meters away<\/strong> from the starting point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Download Pdf<\/strong> \ud83d\udc47<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"iframely-embed\"><div class=\"iframely-responsive\" style=\"height: 140px; padding-bottom: 0;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/1-bpsc-1992-2025-38th-71st-bpsc-cce\" data-iframely-url=\"https:\/\/iframely.net\/UaixG8Y9?theme=light\"><\/a><\/div><\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/iframely.net\/embed.js\"><\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>70th BPSC Prelims Re Exam 04.01.2025 MCQ in Hindi Question: \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948?&nbsp;(a) \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940&nbsp;(b) \u091a\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0940\u091c&nbsp;(c) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[137],"tags":[139],"class_list":["post-1190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prelims","tag-pyps"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1190"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1197,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1190\/revisions\/1197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}