{"id":1279,"date":"2026-05-27T08:46:25","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T08:46:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/?p=1279"},"modified":"2026-05-31T20:04:15","modified_gmt":"2026-05-31T20:04:15","slug":"bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/","title":{"rendered":"Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer Key Pdf Download in Hindi and English"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/#Bihar_SI_Mains_27_May_2026_Question_and_Answer_in_Hindi\" >Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer in Hindi<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/#Explanation_in_Hindi\" >Explanation in Hindi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/#Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87\" >Download Pdf \ud83d\udc47<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/2\/#Bihar_SI_Mains_27_May_2026_Question_and_Answer_in_English\" >Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer in English<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/2\/#Explanation_in_English\" >Explanation in English<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/examdhara.com\/qna\/bihar-si-mains-27-may-2026-question-and-answer\/2\/#Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87-2\" >Download Pdf \ud83d\udc47<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bihar_SI_Mains_27_May_2026_Question_and_Answer_in_Hindi\"><\/span>Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer in Hindi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0921\u0949. \u092c\u0940.\u0906\u0930. \u0905\u0902\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930 \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937<br>B. \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0905\u092c\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u092e \u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926 \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<br>C. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u094c\u0930 \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<br>D. \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0935 \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e, \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b. \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c. \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e 14 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d. \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e. \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092b\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. b, c \u0914\u0930 e<br>B. a, b \u0914\u0930 c<br>C. c, d \u0914\u0930 e<br>D. a, d \u0914\u0930 e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b. \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c. \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d. \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e. \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>f. \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, c \u0914\u0930 d<br>B. a, c, d \u0914\u0930 f<br>C. b, c, d \u0914\u0930 e<br>D. b, d, e \u0914\u0930 f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b. \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 IV \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d. \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0916\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, d \u0914\u0930 e<br>B. a, c, d \u0914\u0930 e<br>C. b, c, d \u0914\u0930 e<br>D. b, d \u0914\u0930 e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0917\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 74(1)(a)<br>B. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 75(2)<br>C. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 78<br>D. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 81<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/5-bihar-si-2001-2026-50-memory-based\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f : \u0932\u094b\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I (\u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. \u0917\u0941\u0906 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u094b\u0906\u092e\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940<\/td><td>i. \u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. \u092c\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/td><td>ii. \u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. \u092c\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/td><td>iii. \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940<\/td><td>iv. \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-iii<br>B. 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv<br>C. 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-i<br>D. 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-ii<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e\/\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>II. \u0907\u0938\u0915\u094b \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0927\u0942\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0920\u0902\u0921\u093e \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>III. \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 50-75 \u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I \u0914\u0930 II<br>B. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 II<br>C. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 III<br>D. II \u0914\u0930 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8. \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0940 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. \u0928\u093e\u092e\u091a\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u2018\u092f\u0942\u2019 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. \u0926\u093f\u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I (\u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0907\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I (\u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924<\/td><td>a. \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924<\/td><td>b. \u0915\u094b\u092f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u091f\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. \u092e\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924<\/td><td>c. \u0905\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924<\/td><td>d. \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d<br>B. 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c<br>C. 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b<br>D. 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10. \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u0932 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (DPCC)<br>B. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d (ICER)<br>C. \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 (NWDA)<br>D. \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 (CPCB)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>11. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0940. \u090f\u0928. \u092d\u0917\u0935\u0924\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>II. \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0940. \u0906\u0930. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u092f\u094d\u092f\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>III. \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u093f\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I \u0914\u0930 III<br>B. II \u0914\u0930 III<br>C. III \u0914\u0930 I<br>D. I \u0914\u0930 II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>12. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1980<br>B. \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 2002<br>C. \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1986<br>D. \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1912<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>13. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Impress<br>B. Keynote<br>C. PowerPoint<br>D. KSpread<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>14. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u2018\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 23 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924<br>B. 25 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924<br>C. 23 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930<br>D. 25 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>15. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 2024 \u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092b\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0936\u093f\u092a \u091c\u0940\u0924\u0940, \u0935\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0921\u0949. \u0906\u0930. \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928<br>B. \u0921\u0949. \u0915\u0947. \u090f\u092e. \u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940<br>C. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0938\u0940. \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0930\u0928\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0928\u093e<br>D. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>16. \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u201c\u092e\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0902\u091a\u0932\u201d \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0925\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0930\u093e\u092e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0930<br>B. \u092b\u0923\u0940\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0925 \u2018\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0941\u2019<br>C. \u0936\u093f\u0935\u092a\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f<br>D. \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0902\u0926\u0928 \u0916\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>17. \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f : \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 (Firewall) \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>II. \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b worms \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 I \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 I \u0914\u0930 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>D. \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 I \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>18. \u0909\u0926\u0935\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u2019 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<br>B. \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093f\u092e<br>C. \u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0921\u0941<br>D. \u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19. \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u2018\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942\u2019 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0917\u093e \u092b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924<br>B. \u092e\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u092e\u093e\u0930<br>C. \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932<br>D. \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20. 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 100\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u091c\u092f\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092e\u0941\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926 \u0930\u092b\u0940<br>B. \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936<br>C. \u092e\u0939\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u092a\u0942\u0930<br>D. \u0915\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>21. \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u091a\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0932 (Activated Charcoal) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0926\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0907\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0928\u0938 (IV)<br>B. \u092e\u094c\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0902\u0936\u0928 (Oral Suspension)<br>C. \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (Subcutaneous Injection)<br>D. \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 (Topical Application)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>22. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P. \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/td><td>I. \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-14 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0939\u094b<\/td><td>II. \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0949\u0928<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-13 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0939\u094b<\/td><td>III. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-15 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u094b \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><td>IV. \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. P-I, Q-III, R-II, S-IV<br>B. P-IV, Q-III, R-I, S-II<br>C. P-IV, Q-III, R-II, S-I<br>D. P-IV, Q-II, R-III, S-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>23. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. C(s) + O\u2082(g) \u2192 CO\u2082(g)<\/td><td>1. \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. CaCO\u2083(s) \u27f6 CaO(s) + CO\u2082(g)<\/td><td>2. \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f-\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Pb(s) + CuCl\u2082(aq) \u2192 PbCl\u2082(aq) + Cu(s)<\/td><td>3. \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Na\u2082SO\u2084(aq) + BaCl\u2082(aq) \u2192 BaSO\u2084(s) + 2NaCl(aq)<\/td><td>4. \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2<br>B. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4<br>C. a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3<br>D. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>24. \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0910\u0928\u094b\u0921, \u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928<br>B. \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932<br>C. \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928<br>D. \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0906\u0938\u0941\u0924 \u091c\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>25. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0907\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928<\/td><td>a. 2,8,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0949\u0928<\/td><td>b. 2,6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. \u0910\u0932\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/td><td>c. 2,8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938<\/td><td>d. 2,8,3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d<br>B. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d<br>C. 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a<br>D. 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>26. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>i. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f (Work)<\/td><td>a. W\/t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ii. \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Potential Energy)<\/td><td>b. 1\/2 mv\u00b2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>iii. \u0917\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Kinetic Energy)<\/td><td>c. F \u00d7 s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>iv. \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (Power)<\/td><td>d. mgh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. i-c, ii-d, iii-b, iv-a<br>B. i-d, ii-c, iii-c, iv-b<br>C. i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a<br>D. i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>27. \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 15 \u0915\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u0930 2 \u092e\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915 5 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0947\/\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915 10 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>B. \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>C. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>D. \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0908<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>28. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1.2 A<br>B. 0.6 A<br>C. 0.2 A<br>D. 2.0 A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>29. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A): <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"74\" height=\"22\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R):<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Distributive Law) \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/14-ncert-6-12-history-chapterwise-test-series-old-and-new-ncert\"><strong><\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>30. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (S<\/strong><strong>\u2081<\/strong><strong>):<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8 = 2, \u0924\u094b tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (S<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>):<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f cosec A = \u221a2, \u0924\u094b<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2081 \u0914\u0930 S\u2082 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>B. \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2081 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2082 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2082 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2081 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2081 \u0914\u0930 S\u2082 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>31. \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 13, 14, 15, &#8230;, 40 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0943\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e 18 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0914\u0930 6 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0941\u0923\u091c \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"26\" height=\"33\" src=\"\"><br>B. 3\/28<br>C. 5\/28<br>D. 1\/7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>32. \u092f\u0926\u093f<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"42\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp; \u0924\u0925\u093e<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"42\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;,<\/strong> <strong>\u0924\u094b <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"66\" height=\"33\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3 + 2\u221a2<br>B. 3 \u2212 2\u221a2<br>C. 6<br>D. 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>33. \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 213, 205, 197, &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.., 37 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 21<br>B. 22<br>C. 23<br>D. 24<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>34. \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 I \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 II \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u0947 :-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 I (\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 II (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14<\/td><td>I. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u0935\u0902\u0936, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u092f\u093e \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 15<\/td><td>II. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 16<\/td><td>III. \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 17<\/td><td>IV. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-II, b-IV, c-I, d-III<br>B. a-II, b-I, c-IV, d-III<br>C. a-II, b-I, c-III, d-IV<br>D. a-III, b-IV, c-I, d-II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>35. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u2018\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u2019 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0930\u0942\u0938\u094b<br>B. \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u0921\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917<br>C. \u0921\u0940 \u091f\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0932\u0947<br>D. \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>36. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0903<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964<br>II. \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947\u0964<br>III. \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0914\u0930\u0902\u0917\u091c\u0947\u092c \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. II \u0914\u0930 III<br>B. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 III<br>C. I \u0914\u0930 II<br>D. I, II \u0914\u0930 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>37. \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 I:<\/strong> 1870 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0924\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0942\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 II:<\/strong> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 II \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. I \u0914\u0930 II \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>D. I \u0914\u0930 II \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>38. \u092b\u0948\u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1 \u0914\u0930 2<br>B. 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br>C. 3 \u0914\u0930 4<br>D. 1 \u0914\u0930 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>39. \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 ______ \u0914\u0930 ______ \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u091a\u094b\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0935<br>B. \u092a\u093e\u0902\u0921\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u092f\u0938\u0932\u093e<br>C. \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0915\u0924\u0940\u092f<br>D. \u091a\u094b\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u0921\u094d\u092f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0906\u0917\u0930\u093e<br>B. \u092c\u0941\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0928\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>C. \u0932\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0930<br>D. \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>41. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>B. \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0930<br>C. \u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0940<br>D. \u0937\u0921\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>42. \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A):<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R):<\/strong> \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902 (\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0935\u0928\u0947\u0902) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0947-\u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>43. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e I \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e II \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0901 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e I (\u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e II (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e<\/td><td>I. \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930\/\u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0901<\/td><td>II. \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. \u0916\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926<\/td><td>III. \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. \u0916\u0947\u0921\u093c\u093e<\/td><td>IV. \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-III, b-I, c-IV, d-II<br>B. a-IV, b-I, c-III, d-II<br>C. a-II, b-IV, c-I, d-III<br>D. a-I, b-I, c-III, d-IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>44. &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0905\u0928-\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0930\u0942\u0932 \u0907\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e&#8217; \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947<br>B. \u0906\u0930. \u0938\u0940. \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924<br>C. \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<br>D. \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>45. \u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094b\u0930\u092e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<br>B. \u092a\u0940\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<br>C. \u091c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<br>D. \u0927\u094c\u0932\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>46. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u092a\u0926 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0921\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0932<br>B. \u0915\u092e\u094b\u0921\u094b\u0930<br>C. \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u090f\u0921\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0932<br>D. \u0915\u0948\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>47. &#8216;\u0932\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939&#8217; \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1856<br>B. 1857<br>C. 1855<br>D. 1860<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>48. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 Airbnb \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u091c\u094b \u0917\u0947\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>B. \u0905\u092e\u0928\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u091c<br>C. \u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915<br>D. \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u091a\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>49. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u2018\u0908\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0930\u2019 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f<br>B. \u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>C. \u092e\u0923\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0930<br>D. \u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>50. 2011 \u0938\u0947 24 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<br>B. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<br>C. \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915<br>D. \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>51. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e DBMS \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Oracle<br>B. MySQL<br>C. Microsoft Excel<br>D. PostgreSQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>52. \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 4 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932<br>B. 7 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932<br>C. 10 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932<br>D. 15 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>53. &#8220;\u0905\u091b\u0942\u0924 (Untouchable)&#8221; \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092e\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926<br>B. \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0924 \u091a\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0908<br>C. \u0906\u0930.\u0915\u0947. \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923<br>D. \u0915\u092e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>54. M, P \u0938\u0947 2 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 L, O \u0938\u0947 2 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 O \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 L \u0914\u0930 N \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 P \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 L \u0914\u0930 M \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 L \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 P \u0914\u0930 O \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. L<br>B. M<br>C. N<br>D. O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>55. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0942\u091f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;3a, 2b, 7c&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;good and tasty&#8217;, &#8216;7c, 9a, 8b&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;see good pictures&#8217; \u0914\u0930 &#8216;9a, 4d, 2b&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;pictures and faint&#8217; \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 &#8216;see&#8217; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3a<br>B. 7c<br>C. 8b<br>D. 9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>56. \u092f\u0926\u093f M \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u092d\u093e\u0917&#8217; \u0939\u0948, N \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c&#8217; \u0939\u0948, P \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935&#8217; \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 B \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0917\u0941\u0923\u093e&#8217; \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 13P13B36M9N17 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u2212 9<br>B. 21<br>C. \u2212 22<br>D. 245<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>57. \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0932\u093e\u0932<br>B. \u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e<br>C. \u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092c\u0940<br>D. \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>58. \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094b \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 5 \u092a\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091a\u0932\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u090a\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0917\u0940 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. 6<br>B. 4<br>C. 2<br>D. 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>59. \u0926\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 9:30 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 2:30<br>B. 3:30<br>C. 6:30<br>D. 5:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>60. \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AG : ? :: EK : MS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. OI<br>B. JO<br>C. IO<br>D. JP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>61. \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936: (61 &amp; 62)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) P + Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(ii) P \u2212 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iii) P \u00d7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iv) P \u00f7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(v) P * Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(vi) P # Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>61. \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 A \u0915\u093e F \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930<br>B. \u0938\u0928-\u0907\u0928-\u0932\u0949<br>C. \u092d\u093e\u0908<br>D. \u092b\u093e\u0926\u0930-\u0907\u0928-\u0932\u0949<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>62. \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 F \u0915\u093e A \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092d\u093e\u0908<br>B. \u092c\u0939\u0928<br>C. \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0928<br>D. \u0915\u091c\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>63. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u20b9 8,000 2 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 10% \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>i. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0964<br>ii. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. i. 9,680, ii. 9,746.15<br>B. i. 9,680, ii. 9,724.05<br>C. i. 9,860, ii. 9,724.05<br>D. i. 9,860, ii. 9,764.15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>64. \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0916\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u092c \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 15m \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u092c \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 m\u00b2 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 0.5 m \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 308<br>B. 462<br>C. 616<br>D. 2464<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>65. \u092f\u093e\u0926\u0943\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930, \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 9 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1\/12<br>B. 1\/18<br>C. 1\/9<br>D. 5\/36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>66. 4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0928\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (\u22122x + 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<br>B. (2x \u2212 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<br>C. (\u22122x \u2212 3y + 4z)\u00b2<br>D. (2x + 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>67. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 (R) \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A):<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 (R):<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0917\u0941\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0906\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>68. \u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0964<br>II. \u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964<br>III. \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<br>IV. \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II \u0914\u0930 III<br>B. I, II \u0914\u0930 IV<br>C. II, III \u0914\u0930 IV<br>D. I, II, III \u0914\u0930 IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>69. \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u0902\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0902\u0925\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3, 4, 1, 2<br>B. 2, 3, 1, 4<br>C. 2, 3, 4, 1<br>D. 4, 1, 2, 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>70. \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0940\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>II. \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>III. \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 II \u0914\u0930 III<br>B. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 II<br>C. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 I \u0914\u0930 II<br>D. I, II \u0914\u0930 III \u0938\u092d\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>71. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924<br>II. \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0926\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<br>III. \u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<br>IV. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II, III \u0914\u0930 IV<br>B. II, III, IV \u0914\u0930 I<br>C. III, II, I \u0914\u0930 IV<br>D. I, IV, III \u0914\u0930 II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>72. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-II \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-I \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938<\/td><td>1. \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. \u0911\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921<\/td><td>2. \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u0941\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0928<\/td><td>3. \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. \u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0921\u094b<\/td><td>4. \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3<br>B. a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4<br>C. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2<br>D. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>73. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-I (\u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932<\/td><td>a. \u0938\u0940\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e<\/td><td>b. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. \u0927\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930\u093e<\/td><td>c. \u091c\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930<\/td><td>d. \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a<br>B. 1-a, 2-d, 3-c, 4-b<br>C. 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a<br>D. 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>74. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 &#8216;\u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>II. \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0902\u091c-\u090f-\u0936\u0915\u0930<br>III. \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u0938\u0940\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0917-\u090f-\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<br>IV. \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0941\u0908\u0928\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091c\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II, III \u0914\u0930 IV<br>B. II, III, IV \u0914\u0930 I<br>C. III, II, I \u0914\u0930 IV<br>D. IV, II, I \u0914\u0930 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>75. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0948\u0925\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938\u092c\u0930\u0940<br>B. \u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0908. \u0939\u0949\u092b\u092e\u0948\u0928<br>C. \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0932 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0938<br>D. \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092b\u0947\u0902\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>76. &#8220;\u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930&#8221; \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u091c\u0947.\u0906\u0930.\u0906\u0930. \u091f\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928<br>B. \u0938\u0940.\u090f\u0938. \u0932\u0941\u0908\u0938<br>C. \u091c\u0947.\u0915\u0947. \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<br>D. \u0930\u094b\u0906\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0921\u093e\u0939\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>77. \u092f\u0942\u090f\u0928\u090f\u0938\u0938\u0940 (UNSC) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0928\u0947\u0936\u0902\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932<br>B. \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f<br>C. \u0905\u0928\u091f\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f<br>D. \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>78. \u0906\u0908\u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940-\u0906\u0908\u0913\u0906\u0930 (IFC-IOR) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0907\u0902\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0913\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u0940\u091c\u0928<br>B. \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0932 \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0913\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u0940\u091c\u0928<br>C. \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0913\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u0940\u091c\u0928<br>D. \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0913\u0936\u0928 \u0930\u0940\u091c\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>79. \u092f\u0926\u093f <\/strong><strong>\u03b1<\/strong><strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e&#8217;, \u00df \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930&#8217;, <\/strong><strong>\u03b8<\/strong><strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902&#8217;, <\/strong><strong>\u03b3<\/strong><strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e&#8217;, <\/strong><strong>\u03b4<\/strong><strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902&#8217; \u0924\u0925\u093e <\/strong><strong>\u03b7<\/strong><strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 &#8216;\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902&#8217; \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094b : C <\/strong><strong>\u03b1<\/strong><strong> 2d \u0924\u0925\u093e 2d <\/strong><strong>\u03b8<\/strong><strong> s<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. C \u03b7 s<br>B. C \u03b1 s<br>C. C \u00df s<br>D. C \u03b3 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>80. \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;MIKE&#8217; \u0915\u094b &#8216;2%#$&#8217; \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 &#8216;KOAL&#8217; \u0915\u094b &#8216;#@75&#8217; \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0942\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;AIM&#8217; \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 7%2<br>B. 2%5<br>C. @25<br>D. 7#2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>81. \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;TEACHER&#8217; \u0915\u094b &#8216;KAELRAS&#8217; \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;CHEATER&#8217; \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. LAREKAS<br>B. LRAEKSA<br>C. LAABRRT<br>D. LRAEKAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>82. \u092f\u0926\u093f &#8216;DIAMOND&#8217; \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;VQYMKLV&#8217; \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b &#8216;FEMALE&#8217; \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. TUMYNU<br>B. UVNZOV<br>C. UVNYNV<br>D. TVNYNV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>83. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"75\" height=\"70\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"72\" height=\"68\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" height=\"69\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; D. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"69\" height=\"66\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>84. \u0909\u0938 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094b \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"84\" height=\"82\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"82\" height=\"82\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" height=\"92\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; D. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"88\" height=\"90\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>85. \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A):<\/strong> \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R):<\/strong> \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>86. \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928\u0964<br>II. \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928\u0964<br>III. \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>IV. \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 I \u0914\u0930 IV<br>B. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 II \u0914\u0930 III<br>C. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 II \u0914\u0930 IV<br>D. \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 I \u0914\u0930 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>87. \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A):<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R):<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u094b \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014 \u0935\u0902\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) \u0935 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. (A) \u0935 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 (R), (A) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>88. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923<br>II. \u090f\u0928\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<br>III. \u0935\u0938\u093e (\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0938) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<br>IV. \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (I) \u0914\u0930 (IV)<br>B. (I) \u0914\u0930 (III)<br>C. (III) \u0914\u0930 (IV)<br>D. (I) \u0914\u0930 (II)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>89. \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928<br>B. \u0935\u0948\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928<br>C. \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928<br>D. \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>90. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u20b9 8,400 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u20b9 6,384 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u091a \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u0948 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 24%<br>B. 26%<br>C. 28%<br>D. 33%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>91. 12 cm \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0925\u093e 13 cm \u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 cm\u00b3 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 260\u03c0<br>B. 550\u03c0\/3<br>C. 486\u03c0<br>D. 320\u03c0\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>92. \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d \u0964\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f<\/td><td>i. \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. \u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/td><td>ii. \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u092e\u0932\u093e<\/td><td>iii. \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/td><td>iv. \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i<br>B. a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv<br>C. a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii<br>D. a-iv, b-ii, c-iii, d-i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>93. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u091f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B. \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u092e \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C. \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D. \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0925\u094b\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>94. \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 I : \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0915\u0925\u0928 II : \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0915\u0925\u0928 III : \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0915\u0925\u0928 IV : \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0914\u0930 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>B. \u0915\u0925\u0928 I, II \u0914\u0930 III \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>C. \u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. \u0915\u0925\u0928 IV \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>95. \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A):<\/strong> \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R):<\/strong> \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0939\u093e\u0936\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>B. (A) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>C. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>D. (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>96. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0903<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u092c \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 (\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948) \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) \u0907\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv) \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (iv) \u2192 (ii) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iii)<br>B. (ii) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iii)<br>C. (i) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (iii) \u2192 (ii)<br>D. (iii) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (ii)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>97. \u092e\u0939\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0903<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>i. \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>ii. \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>iii. \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>iv. \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u092e\u091f \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 i<br>B. \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 i \u0914\u0930 iii<br>C. \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 i \u0914\u0930 ii<br>D. \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 iv<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>98. \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e \u0964 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e II \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0901 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-I (\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u0949\u0932\u092e-II (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0938 (Ci), \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Cc), \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (Cs)<\/td><td>I. \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u0942\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0932\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. \u0911\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Ac), \u0911\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (As)<\/td><td>II. \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0906\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936, \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u091b\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (St), \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Sc), \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (Ns)<\/td><td>III. \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0947, \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0932\u0947, \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Cu), \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0938<\/td><td>IV. \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0947, \u092b\u0942\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-I, b-II, c-III, d-IV<br>B. a-II, b-IV, c-III, d-I<br>C. a-III, b-I, c-II, d-IV<br>D. a-IV, b-III, c-II, d-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>99. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0940\u0932\u0917\u093f\u0930\u093f \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a \u0914\u0930 c<br>B. b \u0914\u0930 c<br>C. a \u0914\u0930 b<br>D. a, b \u0914\u0930 c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>100. \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. \u0935\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093e\u0921 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f<br>b. \u091a\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932<br>c. \u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0941\u0921\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f<br>d. \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092d\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932<br>e. \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, c, d, e<br>B. e, b, d, c, a<br>C. a, e, c, b, d<br>D. e, a, b, d, c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Explanation_in_Hindi\"><\/span>Explanation in Hindi <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0921\u0949. \u092d\u0940\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0930\u093e\u092e\u091c\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 <strong>29 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 1947<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (Drafting Committee)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u201c\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0930\u201d<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u094c\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0905\u092c\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u092e \u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094b\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 (UGC)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u0940<\/strong>, <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (IIT)<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u0935 \u0930\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>11 \u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u092f\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/strong> \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u094c\u0930<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f, \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (AIIMS), \u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0935<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0915, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u093e, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>1925<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0928. \u0930\u0949\u092f<\/strong>, <strong>\u090f\u0938.\u090f. \u0921\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0947<\/strong>, <strong>\u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a D \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 (Money Bill)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 110<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f, \u090b\u0923 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (a) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 <strong>\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e 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\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e<\/strong> \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u092c \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092d\u0947\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c <strong>\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 (Speaker)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (c) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e <strong>14 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e 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\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 (Dual Government)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0924\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0926\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e (Bicameral Legislature)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0926\u0928\u2014<strong>\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e<\/strong>\u2014\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 <strong>\u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong><br>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (Discretionary Powers)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 163<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0947\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, <strong>\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0916\u094b \u0926\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0926 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092d\u0947\u091c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 356<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 (c) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 (Fourth Schedule)<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 78<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f 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\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 74<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094d \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 75<\/strong> \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 81<\/strong> \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Steel) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 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\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921, \u0913\u0921\u093f\u0936\u093e, \u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c, \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094b\u0935\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0917\u0941\u0906 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u094b\u0906\u092e\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940<\/td><td>\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0923\u094d\u0921<\/td><td>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092c\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/td><td>\u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/td><td>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 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\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0947\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u091c\u092e\u0936\u0947\u0926\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0926\u0902\u0924\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e (NMDC)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928, \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 <strong>\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u094c\u0939-\u0907\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0908, \u092c\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b, \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0930\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e, \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u092e\u0936\u0947\u0926\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0943\u091c\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 <strong>\u0930\u092c\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932<\/strong> \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u201c\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u201d \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I<\/td><td>\u0917\u0932\u0924<\/td><td>\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>II<\/td><td>\u0917\u0932\u0924<\/td><td>\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0920\u0902\u0921\u093e \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0927\u0942\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>III<\/td><td>\u0938\u0939\u0940<\/td><td>50-75 \u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u2014\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932, \u0905\u0938\u092e, \u0913\u0921\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902\u2014\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0927\u093e\u0928 (Rice)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f <strong>\u0936\u0940\u0924\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>10\u00b0C \u0938\u0947 15\u00b0C<\/strong> \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f <strong>\u0909\u091c\u094d\u091c\u094d\u0935\u0932 \u0927\u0942\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e<\/strong> \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0932\u0917 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>50 \u0938\u0947 75 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0940\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong> \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908<\/strong>, <strong>\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f (Green Revolution)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 <strong>1960 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902 (HYV Seeds), \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u091c \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (PDS) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u0928\u0926 (Angsi Glacier)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0932\u0941\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092a\u094b (Yarlung Tsangpo)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u093f \u201c\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u201d \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u092e\u091a\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u2018\u092f\u0942\u2019 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 (U-turn or Hairpin Bend)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 <strong>\u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e <strong>\u0926\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u093f\u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0932\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/strong> \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>2900 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>2880 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0938\u092e \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u0932\u094b\u0922\u093c \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a <strong>\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 <strong>\u091c\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e (\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u093e)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0918\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f, \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f, \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928, \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924<\/td><td>\u0905\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td><td>\u0915\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924<\/td><td>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917<\/td><td>\u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092e\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924<\/td><td>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u091f\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930<\/td><td>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924<\/td><td>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/td><td>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong>, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917<\/strong>, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0935\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e, \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u094b\u092f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u091f\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0921\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 (Rain Shadow Region)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932, \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0918\u093e\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 <strong>\u0938\u0942\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/strong>, <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong>, <strong>\u091c\u0932 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong>, <strong>\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930\u0936\u0947\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (Delhi Pollution Control Committee &#8211; DPCC)<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923, \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (Water Quality) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 <strong>DPCC<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DPCC \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0938\u0940\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928 (Environmental Impact Assessment) \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091c\u0928-\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>ICER (Indian Council for Environmental Research)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>NWDA (National Water Development Agency)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1982<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938, \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 DPR \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>\u091c\u0932 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1974<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 DPCC \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DPCC \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>11.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e (Judicial Activism)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>1970 \u0914\u0930 1980 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e, \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0940. \u0906\u0930. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u092f\u094d\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0940. \u090f\u0928. \u092d\u0917\u0935\u0924\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092c\u0902\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0940. \u0906\u0930. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u092f\u094d\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0926\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0940. \u090f\u0928. \u092d\u0917\u0935\u0924\u0940<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u091c\u0928\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093e (Public Interest Litigation &#8211; PIL)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0906\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e (1978)<\/strong>, <strong>\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0948\u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e<\/strong>, <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e (1997)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u093e (1973)<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14, 19 \u0914\u0930 21<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u093f\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 \u0930\u0939\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>12.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0918\u093e\u091f, \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935 \u0935\u0928, \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u0940\u0935-\u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941, \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 2002 (Biological Diversity Act, 2002)<\/strong> \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 (Convention on Biological Diversity &#8211; CBD), 1992<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 (National Biodiversity Authority &#8211; NBA)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f <strong>\u091a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0908<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1980<\/strong> \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1986<\/strong> \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br><strong>\u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1912<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong>, <strong>\u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0905\u092d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f<\/strong>, <strong>\u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong>, <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u091f\u093e\u0907\u0917\u0930<\/strong>, <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0932\u0940\u092b\u0947\u0902\u091f<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>13.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Microsoft PowerPoint<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>Microsoft Office Suite<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f, \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0911\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b, \u0935\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0928\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Impress<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0913\u092a\u0928-\u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b <strong>LibreOffice<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 PowerPoint \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u090f\u0928\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keynote<\/strong> Apple \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>macOS<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>iOS<\/strong> \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 <strong>KSpread<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0936\u0940\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/strong> \u0925\u093e \u091c\u094b <strong>KOffice Suite<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923, \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>Calligra Sheets<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Word Processing Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Word<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spreadsheet Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Excel, KSpread<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Presentation Software<\/strong> \u2013 PowerPoint, Impress, Keynote<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Database Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Access<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>14.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>23 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924<\/strong> \u0915\u094b <strong>\u2018\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 (National Space Day)\u2019<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>23 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 2023<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0909\u0924\u0930\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0930\u0942\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091a\u094c\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (ISRO)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0932\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u094b\u0935\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 23 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092d\u091f\u094d\u091f (1975)<\/strong> \u2013 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-1 (2008)<\/strong> \u2013 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928 (2013)<\/strong> \u2013 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928-3 (2023)<\/strong> \u2013 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>15.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0938\u0940. \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0930\u0928\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2024<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091f\u093e\u091f\u093e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u091c\/\u092b\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0936\u093f\u092a<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f, \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923, \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>RSV Vaccine (Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b. \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0930\u0928\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940, \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092d\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (DST)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (DBT)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CSIR<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ICMR<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u092f-\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>16.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 <strong>\u201c\u092e\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0902\u091a\u0932\u201d<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 <strong>\u092b\u0923\u0940\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0925 \u2018\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0941\u2019<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1954<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092b\u0923\u0940\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u0947\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0930\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e) \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0914\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928, \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0935\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0930\u0936\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0925\u0940<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0936\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u093f\u0935\u092a\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0902\u0926\u0928 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\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u201c\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u201d \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0938, \u092e\u093e\u0932\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 <strong>worms<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0927 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Antivirus Software<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Encryption<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Authentication System<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Intrusion Detection System (IDS)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0935\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0908-\u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938, \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938, \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0921 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>18.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0927\u0935\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f (Ramsar Site)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0927\u0935\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092c\u0917\u0902\u091c \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u091d\u0940\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u091f\u094c\u0930\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e \u091c\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f<\/strong> \u0909\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (Wetlands) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928, 1971<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0928\u0917\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0923, \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0924\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0942 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u0917\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u2014 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932\u093e, \u0932\u094c\u0939 \u0905\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915, \u0905\u092d\u094d\u0930\u0915<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942 (Mount Kinabalu)<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4095 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 <strong>\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u092c\u093e (Sabah)<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0940 <strong>\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0917\u093e \u092b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0917\u094c\u0930\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 (UNESCO World Heritage Site)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0941\u0906\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0902\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u091c\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u090f\u0935\u0930\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f<\/strong> \u2014 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K2 (\u0917\u0949\u0921\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0936\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0902\u091a\u0928\u091c\u0902\u0918\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924-\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0932\u0942<\/strong> \u2014 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f (\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f \u0911\u092b \u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0940)<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2024<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0921\u093e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (India Post)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u091a\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u093e\u0925\u0941\u0930 (Mukesh Chand Mathur)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 100\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u091c\u092f\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f (Commemorative Postage Stamp)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>Miniature Sheet<\/strong> \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e <strong>24 \u091c\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0908 2024<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0906\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u092d\u0935\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 <strong>\u0917\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0936\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0935\u0924<\/strong> \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936 \u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924\u092e\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0932\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0928\u0947\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c \u0915\u092a\u0942\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0926, \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0920\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>1300 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0940\u0924<\/strong> \u0917\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0917\u0940\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u201c\u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0922\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201c\u0926\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0926\u094b\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201c\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201c\u0938\u093e\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928\u093e\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926 \u0930\u092b\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 100\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u092f\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1929 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 95\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u092f\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u092a\u0942\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0925\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>21.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Activated Charcoal (\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u091a\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0932)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 (Poisons) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e (Drug Overdose) \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091b\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 (Porous) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 (Adsorb) \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u091a\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 <strong>\u092e\u094c\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0902\u0936\u0928 (Oral Suspension)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0947\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0901\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0901\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Activated Charcoal \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0926\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e (Overdose)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u092c \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0928\u0938 (IV) \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0938 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 Activated Charcoal \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u091a\u0928 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u091f\u0949\u092a\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0937 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gastric Lavage<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antidote Therapy<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hemodialysis<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Supportive Care<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Activated Charcoal \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>22.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0940 (Periodic Table) \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P. \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u2014 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928 (IV)<\/strong><br>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928 (Fluorine)<\/strong> \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090b\u0923\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4.0 (Pauling Scale)<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-14 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0939\u094b \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 (III)<\/strong><br>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-14 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 (C)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0928 (Si)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Ge)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091f\u093f\u0928 (Sn)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0932\u0947\u0921 (Pb)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>R. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-13 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u2014 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0949\u0928 (II)<\/strong><br>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-13 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0949\u0928, \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0917\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092c\u094b\u0930\u0949\u0928 (Boron)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 (Metalloid) \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 (Semiconductor) \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930, \u0921\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0921 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S. \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-15 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u094b \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u2014 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 (I)<\/strong><br><strong>\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 (N<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 <strong>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f-\u0906\u092c\u0902\u0927 (Triple Bond)<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u094b <strong>N<\/strong><strong>\u2261<\/strong><strong>N<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P \u2192 IV (\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0930\u0940\u0928)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Q \u2192 III (\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R \u2192 II (\u092c\u094b\u0930\u0949\u0928)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S \u2192 I (\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>23.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 (Chemical Reactions) \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 (Reactants) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u090f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a. C(s) + O<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g)<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Combination Reaction)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901\u2014<br><strong>a <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 4 (\u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b. CaCO<\/strong><strong>\u2083<\/strong><strong>(s) <\/strong><strong>\u27f6<\/strong><strong>(heat) CaO(s) + CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g)<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u091f<\/strong> \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u091f\u0942\u091f\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u091f\u0942\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u093e <strong>\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Decomposition Reaction)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u0940\u092f \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 (Thermal Decomposition)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901\u2014<br><strong>b <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 3 (\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c. Pb(s) + CuCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> PbCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) + Cu(s)<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 <strong>\u0932\u0947\u0921 (Pb)<\/strong>, \u0915\u092e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 (Cu)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Displacement Reaction)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 (Reactivity Series) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901\u2014<br><strong>c <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 1 (\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>d. Na<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>SO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>(aq) + BaCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> BaSO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>(s) + 2NaCl(aq)<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f (BaSO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0905\u0935\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f-\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Double Displacement Reaction)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0905\u0935\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Precipitation Reaction)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901\u2014<br><strong>d <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 2 (\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f-\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>24.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Electrolytic Refining)<\/strong> \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930, \u0938\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u0930, \u0917\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921, \u091c\u093f\u0902\u0915<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 (Impure Copper)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0910\u0928\u094b\u0921 (Anode)<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 (Pure Copper)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 (Cathode)<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 (Acidified Copper Sulphate Solution)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u094d\u092f (Electrolyte) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0910\u0928\u094b\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>Cu\u00b2<\/strong><strong>\u207a<\/strong><strong> \u0906\u092f\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0905\u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0920 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0910\u0928\u094b\u0921 \u092e\u0921 (Anode Mud)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0910\u0928\u094b\u0921 \u092e\u0921 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094b\u0928\u093e (Gold)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926\u0940 (Silver)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928\u092e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>25.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 (Electronic Configuration)<\/strong> \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u092c\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 (Oxygen)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915 <strong>8<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 8 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0915\u094b\u0936 (K-shell) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e 2 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094b\u0936 (L-shell) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0947\u0937 6 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u2014 <strong>2,6<\/strong><br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u2014<br><strong>1 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0949\u0928 (Neon)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915 <strong>10<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0917\u0948\u0938 (Noble Gas) \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b\u0936 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u2014 <strong>2,8<\/strong><br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u2014<br><strong>2 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0910\u0932\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Aluminium)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915 <strong>13<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u2014 <strong>2,8,3<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0932\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u2014<br><strong>3 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 (Phosphorus)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915 <strong>15<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u2014 <strong>2,8,5<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902, DNA \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u2014<br><strong>4 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1 \u2192 b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 \u2192 c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3 \u2192 d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4 \u2192 a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>26.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f, \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 (Mechanics) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f, \u092c\u0932 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f (Work)<\/strong> \u0924\u092c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<br><strong>Work = Force \u00d7 Displacement<\/strong><br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924<br><strong>W = F \u00d7 s<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 <strong>c<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Potential Energy)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<br><strong>Potential Energy = mgh<\/strong><br>\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>m = \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g = \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>h = \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 <strong>d<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0917\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Kinetic Energy)<\/strong> \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<br><strong>Kinetic Energy = 1\/2 mv\u00b2<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>m = \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v = \u0935\u0947\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u091c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 <strong>b<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (Power)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<br><strong>Power = Work \/ Time<\/strong><br>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924<br><strong>P = W\/t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 <strong>a<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>i \u2192 c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ii \u2192 d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iii \u2192 b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iv \u2192 a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>27.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f (Work)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f = \u092c\u0932 \u00d7 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = mgh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 m = \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928<br>\u2022 g = \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0923<br>\u2022 h = \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 (15 kg) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 (2 m) \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = 15 \u00d7 9.8 \u00d7 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0940\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = 15 \u00d7 9.8 \u00d7 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 5 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 10 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 <strong>\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (Power)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Power = Work \/ Time<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f (Work) \u2014 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (Power) \u2014 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>28.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 10 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 &#8220;\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924&#8221; (Electricity) \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 (Circuit) \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948<br>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>20 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, 10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e 5 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (Parallel Combination)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 (Voltage) \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0948\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 <strong>6 V<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f 10 \u03a9 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 6 V \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0913\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Ohm\u2019s Law) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V = IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>I = V \/ R<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V = 6 V<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R = 10 \u03a9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>I = 6 \/ 10 = 0.6 A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 10 \u03a9 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e <strong>0.6 A<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u0941\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 (Equivalent Resistance) \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0918\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>29.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u0940\u091c\u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924 (Algebra) \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Distributive Law)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a \u00d7 (b + c) = ab + ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092d\u093e\u0917 (Division) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a \/ (b + c) \u2260 a\/b + a\/c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7a \/ (2 + b) \u2260 7a\/2 + 7a\/b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f a = 2 \u0924\u0925\u093e b = 2 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u092c\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LHS = 7\u00d72 \/ (2 + 2)<br>= 14\/4<br>= 3.5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RHS = 14\/2 + 14\/2<br>= 7 + 7<br>= 14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>30.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 <strong>S<\/strong><strong>\u2081<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8 = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8)\u00b2 = 2\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 + 2tan\u03b8\u00b7cot\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u03b8 \u00d7 cot\u03b8 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 + 2 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 S<\/strong><strong>\u2081<\/strong><strong> \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0915\u0925\u0928 <strong>S<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cosec A = \u221a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cosec 45\u00b0 = \u221a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 A = 45\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sin 45\u00b0 = 1\/\u221a2<br>\u21d2 sin\u00b245\u00b0 = 1\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cos 45\u00b0 = 1\/\u221a2<br>\u21d2 cos\u00b245\u00b0 = 1\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan 45\u00b0 = 1<br>\u21d2 tan\u00b245\u00b0 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cot 45\u00b0 = 1<br>\u21d2 cot\u00b245\u00b0 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2sin\u00b2A + 3cot\u00b2A) \/ (4tan\u00b2A \u2212 2cos\u00b2A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= [2(1\/2) + 3(1)] \/ [4(1) \u2212 2(1\/2)]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1 + 3) \/ (4 \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 S<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong> \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2081 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0925\u0928 S\u2082 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>C<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>31.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = 40 \u2212 13 + 1<br>= 28<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e 6 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<br>24, 30, 36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e = \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \/ \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 3\/28<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2234 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 <strong>3\/28<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>32.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"42\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;, <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"47\" height=\"42\" src=\"\"><strong>, <\/strong>xy = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0914\u0930,<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>= 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x\u00b2 + y\u00b2 + xy<br>= (x + y)\u00b2 \u2212 2xy + xy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 6\u00b2 \u2212 2(1) + 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 36 \u2212 2 + 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>33.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0926, a = 213<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930, d = 205 \u2212 213<br>= \u22128<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092a\u0926, a<sub>n<\/sub> = 37<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947 n\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a<sub>n<\/sub> = a + (n \u2212 1)d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>37 = 213 + (n \u2212 1)(\u22128)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>37 \u2212 213 = \u22128(n \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2212176 = \u22128(n \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>n \u2212 1 = 22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>n = 23<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2234 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = <strong>23<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>34.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0917-III<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 (Fundamental Rights)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14 \u0938\u0947 18<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u201c\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u201d (Right to Equality) \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0924\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14<\/strong> \u201c\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u201d \u0924\u0925\u093e \u201c\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u201d \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0930\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0928\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u201cEquality before Law\u201d \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u201cEqual Protection of Laws\u201d \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940-II \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 15<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 <strong>\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u092e\u0942\u0932\u0935\u0902\u0936, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 15 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 16<\/strong> \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 16 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u0928 IV \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 17<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0902\u0921\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0928\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e (\u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1955<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0932 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1976<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0917\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a \u2192 II<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b \u2192 I<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c \u2192 IV<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d \u2192 III<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>35.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0915 <strong>\u090f\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u0921\u0940 \u091f\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0932\u0947 (Alexis de Tocqueville)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u201c<strong>Tyranny of the Majority<\/strong>\u201d \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u201c\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u201d \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u201cDemocracy in America\u201d (1835-1840)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0921\u0940 \u091f\u094b\u0915\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u201c\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928, \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u0942\u0938\u094b<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u201c\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u201d (General Will) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<br><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0928<\/strong> \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br><strong>\u091c\u0949\u0928 \u0921\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u201c\u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u201d \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>36.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 (Fran\u00e7ois Bernier)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 <strong>1656 \u0938\u0947 1668<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f <strong>\u0936\u093e\u0939\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0906\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u0926\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 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\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0936\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u201cTravels in the Mughal Empire\u201d<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 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\u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>NCERT \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 12 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f <strong>\u201c\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u091c\u0930\u093f\u090f\u201d (Themes in Indian History \u2013 Part II)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a 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\u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>37.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Caricatures)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0942\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>1870 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 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\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0947, \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0932\u0940\u0917\u0922\u093c \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0914\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>38.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 (Sufism)<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e, \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u0939-\u092e\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0921\u0902\u092c\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0908\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u0938\u093e\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u201d \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u092d\u0935, \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928, \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928, \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092f\u092e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u201d \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u201c\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u201d \u0924\u0925\u093e \u201c\u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u201d \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0941\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0915\u094d\u0936\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0916\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0907\u0928\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940<\/strong>, <strong>\u0928\u093f\u091c\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong>, <strong>\u092c\u093e\u092c\u093e \u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0938\u0932\u0940\u092e \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0926\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>39.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0941\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0935 \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u201c\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0915\u0924\u0940\u092f\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0935 \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0938\u0947\u0909\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0917\u093f\u0930\u093f<\/strong> (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u094c\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926, 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<strong>\u0915\u0941\u0924\u0941\u092c\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0902\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0928\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0940\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u0947\u0936\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0938\u093e\u0932\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0928\u0940\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u092b\u0940\u092e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940<\/strong>, <strong>\u0921\u091a \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>41.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 <strong>\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f (\u091a\u093e\u0923\u0915\u094d\u092f\/\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b <strong>\u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0915\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f, \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f, \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0901\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u091d\u0940\u0932<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u091a\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 <strong>\u0936\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092e\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0902\u0926\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>\u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0940<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0928\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0930\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>\u0937\u0921\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>42.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 <strong>\u0909\u092a\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 (Subtropical Regions)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u2014 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u091f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u2014 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u2014 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u2014 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0909\u092a\u094b\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0926\u093e\u092c \u092a\u0947\u091f\u0940<\/strong>, <strong>\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0935\u0928\u0947\u0902<\/strong>, \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0920\u0902\u0921\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0935\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0947 \u092a\u0935\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0947-\u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u092c\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>\u0920\u0902\u0921\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0947\u0930\u0942 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0905\u091f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0941\u090f\u0932\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0940\u092c \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0948\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R), \u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0930\u0932 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0925\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941, \u0915\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>43.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 (Rural Settlements) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915, \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f, \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0901\u2019<\/strong> \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0926\u094b \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u201c\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0901\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u201c\u0916\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u201d \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0901\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018\u0916\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u2019<\/strong> \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u092b\u093c\u093e\u0930\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u201c\u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e\u201d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u0916\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u2019<\/strong> \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0938\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018\u0916\u0947\u0921\u093c\u093e\u2019<\/strong> \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0909\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u201c\u0916\u0947\u0921\u093c\u093e\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0925\u0928 IV \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a \u2192 I<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b \u2192 II<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c \u2192 III<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d \u2192 IV<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u0938\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094b\u091f :<\/strong> \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 <strong>a-I, b-II, c-III, d-IV<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>Examdhara<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>44.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2018Poverty and Un-British Rule in India\u2019<\/strong> \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 <strong>\u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940<\/strong> \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u201c\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0913\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e\u201d<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0925\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u201cDrain Theory\u201d (\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924)<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0947 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0928\u094c\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0906\u0930. \u0938\u0940. \u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0902\u0964<br><strong>\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br><strong>\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093e\u091c \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>45.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094b\u0930\u092e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 <strong>\u0932\u0926\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0916<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>76 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924, \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1984<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0918\u0926\u0942\u0924<\/strong> \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u0948\u0928\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094b\u0930\u092e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K2 (\u0917\u0949\u0921\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928)<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u0928\u0926\u094b\u0902 (Glaciers) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0940\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f <strong>\u0927\u094c\u0932\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908, \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0942\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0921\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>46.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0932\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 (Major General)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0926 <strong>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0921\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0932 (Rear Admiral)<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0921\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0932 \u090f\u0915 <strong>\u0926\u094b-\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0925\u0932\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932<\/td><td>\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0921\u092e\u093f\u0930\u0932<\/td><td>\u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0932<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0930 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f <strong>\u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 <strong>Chief of Naval Staff (CNS)<\/strong> \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u2014<br><strong>\u201c\u0936\u0902 \u0928\u094b \u0935\u0930\u0941\u0923\u0903\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>47.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0932\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 (Lota Rebellion)<\/strong> \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091c\u0947\u0932<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0914\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0947\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u092a\u0940\u0924\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/strong> \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0940\u0924\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0947, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u092b\u0948\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091c\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 <strong>1855<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1856<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 <strong>1857 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0928-\u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1857 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<br>\u2022 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937<br>\u2022 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0915\u093e \u092d\u092f<br>\u2022 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923<br>\u2022 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094b\u091f :<\/strong> <strong>\u0921\u0949. \u0936\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940<\/strong> <em>\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917, \u0930\u093e\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f, \u092a\u0902\u0921\u094c\u0932, \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930)<\/em> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u094b\u0927-\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 <em>\u201c\u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 : \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u201d<\/em> (International Journal of History, 2022) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1856<\/strong> \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>1856<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f 1855 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1856<\/strong> \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyjournal.net\/article\/198\/5-1-33-905.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.historyjournal.net\/article\/198\/5-1-33-905.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>48.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Airbnb<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0930, \u0915\u092e\u0930\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2008<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Airbnb \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u091a\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 (Brian Chesky)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u094b \u0917\u0947\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e (Joe Gebbia)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915 (Nathan Blecharczyk)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0905\u092e\u0928\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u091c<\/strong> Airbnb \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Airbnb \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939-\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Airbnb \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0948\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b<\/strong> \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0920\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u201cAir Bed and Breakfast\u201d \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u201cAirbnb\u201d \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u091c Airbnb \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0924\u093f\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092c\u0928 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0928\u0949\u092e\u0940 (Sharing Economy)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>49.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0908\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0930 (Itanagar)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u0940\u0928 (\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092e\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u092e\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u0938\u092e<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0908\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0908\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0932\u093e (Ita Fort)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u201c\u0908\u091f\u093e\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0908\u0902\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0942-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0940\u0936\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u0926\u093f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u092a\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u092e\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u094b\u0928\u092a\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0930\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0932\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u093f\u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0947\u0918\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u2014 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0923\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u2014 \u0907\u0902\u092b\u093e\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0930\u092e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0906\u0907\u091c\u094b\u0932<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>50.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2011 \u0938\u0947 2024<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915, \u0930\u0947\u0932, \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0941\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908\u0913\u0935\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong>, \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0908-\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>51.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DBMS (Database Management System)<\/strong> \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924 (Store), \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 (Organize), \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 (Manage) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 (Retrieve) \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oracle<\/strong>, <strong>MySQL<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong> \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f DBMS \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f, \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 <strong>Microsoft Excel<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0936\u0940\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f DBMS\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f Excel \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 DBMS \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SQL \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 normalization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oracle DBMS<\/strong> \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>MySQL<\/strong> \u0935\u0947\u092c \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947\u092c\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br><strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0913\u092a\u0928-\u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 DBMS \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 SQL \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>52.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 (World Health Day)<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>7 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0930\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (WHO &#8211; World Health Organization)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 WHO \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>7 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 1948<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 (UN) \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f <strong>\u091c\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0935\u093e (\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u093c\u0930\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091f\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0925\u0940\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0925\u0940\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u094c\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0906\u092f\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 (NHM)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0937\u0927\u093f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0927\u0928\u0941\u0937<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u0921-19 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 WHO \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>53.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cUntouchable\u201d (\u0905\u091b\u0942\u0924)<\/strong> \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 <strong>\u092e\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1935<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 <strong>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/strong>, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u093e\u0916\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Coolie<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Two Leaves and a Bud<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Big Heart<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0924 \u091a\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0908<\/strong> \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0942 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u201c\u0932\u093f\u0939\u093e\u092b\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br><strong>\u0906\u0930.\u0915\u0947. \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923<\/strong> \u201c\u092e\u093e\u0932\u0917\u0941\u0921\u0940 \u0921\u0947\u091c\u093c\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201c\u0926 \u0917\u093e\u0907\u0921\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br><strong>\u0915\u092e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0935\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>54.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M = P + 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L = O + 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O = (L + N)\/2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P = (L + M)\/2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L = (P + O)\/2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L = O + 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0902 O = x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L = x + 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L = (P + O)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x + 2 = (P + x)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2x + 4 = P + x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P = x + 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M = P + 2<br>= x + 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c O \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O = (L + N)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x = (x + 2 + N)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2x = x + 2 + N<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N = x \u2212 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N = x \u2212 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O = x<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L = x + 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P = x + 4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M = x + 6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 <strong>N<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N &lt; O &lt; L &lt; P &lt; M<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>55.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3a, 2b, 7c = good and tasty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>7c, 9a, 8b = see good pictures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>9a, 4d, 2b = pictures and faint<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u201cpictures\u201d \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u201c9a\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 pictures = 9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u201cand\u201d \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u201c2b\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 and = 2b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3a, 7c = good, tasty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7c, 8b = see, good<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u201c7c\u201d \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 good = 7c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u201c8b\u201d \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u201csee\u201d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 see = 8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>56.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M = \u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u00f7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N = \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c (+)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P = \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 (\u2212)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B = \u0917\u0941\u0923\u093e (\u00d7)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13P13B36M9N17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 13 \u00d7 36 \u00f7 9 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 13 \u00d7 4 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 52 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u2212 22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>57.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 (Yellow) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0938\u093e 1 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0938\u093e 3 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 <strong>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0932\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0938\u093e 4 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 <strong>\u0932\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092c\u0940<\/strong> \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0932\u093e\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092c\u0940<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0918\u0928 (Dice) \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0928 (Adjacent) \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 (Opposite) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u091a\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0930\u0902\u0917 <strong>\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940 (Violet)<\/strong> \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0902\u0917<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>58.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3<br>4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6<br><br>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 4 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 3 \u0914\u0930 1 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 4 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 2 \u0914\u0930 6 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 4 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 1, 2, 3 \u0914\u0930 6 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u091a\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e <strong>5<\/strong>, \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 4 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f 5 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u090a\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u092b\u0932\u0915 \u092a\u0930 <strong>4<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>59.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c (Mirror Image) \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f = 11:60 \u2212 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f = 9:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11:60<br>\u2212 9:30<br>= 2:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f <strong>2:30<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 12 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>60.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f (Alphabetical Position) \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E \u2192 M<br>K \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 8 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>E + 8 = M<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K + 8 = S<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A + 8 = I<br>G + 8 = O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AG : IO :: EK : MS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 <strong>IO<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>61.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) P + Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(ii) P \u2212 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iii) P \u00d7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iv) P \u00f7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(v) P * Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(vi) P # Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 A \u0915\u093e F \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e flow \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>E # F<\/strong> \u21d2 E, F \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D * E<\/strong> \u21d2 D, E \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C \u00f7 D<\/strong> \u21d2 C, D \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B \u00d7 C<\/strong> \u21d2 B, C \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A + B<\/strong> \u21d2 A, B \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f A, F \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0926\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0926 (Son-in-law)<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>62.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) P + Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(ii) P \u2212 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iii) P \u00d7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(iv) P \u00f7 Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(v) P * Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>(vi) P # Q \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 P, Q \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 F \u0915\u093e A \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A # B \u21d2 A, B \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B \u2212 C \u21d2 B, C \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C * D \u21d2 C, D \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D + E \u21d2 D, E \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>E \u00f7 F \u21d2 E, F \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>E, F \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f F, E \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 F \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 E \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f F, A \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u092d\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>63.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0927\u0928 (P) = \u20b98000<br>\u0926\u0930 (R) = 10% \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<br>\u0938\u092e\u092f (T) = 2 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2170<\/strong><strong>. \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A = P(1 + R\/100)^T<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1 + 10\/100)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1.1)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000 \u00d7 1.21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u20b99680<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2171<\/strong><strong>. \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0926\u0930 = 10\/2 = 5%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u092f = 2 \u00d7 2 = 4 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A = 8000(1 + 5\/100)^4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1.05)^4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000 \u00d7 1.2155<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2248 \u20b99724.05<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>i. \u20b99680<br>ii. \u20b99724.05<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>64.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 = 15 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e = 15\/2 = 7.5 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 = 0.5 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e = 7.5 \u2212 0.5<br>= 7 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 = \u0916\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 = 4\u03c0r\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4 \u00d7 (22\/7) \u00d7 (7)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4 \u00d7 (22\/7) \u00d7 49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 616 m\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>65.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092b\u0947\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e = 6 \u00d7 6 = 36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u094b\u0917 9 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>(3, 6)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(4, 5)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(5, 4)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(6, 3)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e = \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \/ \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4\/36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 1\/9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2234 \u092f\u094b\u0917 9 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e = <strong>1\/9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>66.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a + b + c)\u00b2 = a\u00b2 + b\u00b2 + c\u00b2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4x\u00b2 = (\u22122x)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9y\u00b2 = (3y)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16z\u00b2 = (\u22124z)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2(\u22122x)(3y) = \u221212xy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2(3y)(\u22124z) = \u221224yz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2(\u22122x)(\u22124z) = +16xz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0926 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (\u22122x + 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>A<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>67.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 = \u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 = (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 : \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0r\u00b2h : (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 3 : 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928, \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 (R) \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 = \u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0917\u0941\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u0908 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e = 2r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0906\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u0908 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 = h\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0928\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0(2r)\u00b2(h\/2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0 \u00d7 4r\u00b2 \u00d7 h\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 2\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 (R) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 (R), \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>B<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>68.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0915 <strong>\u0939\u0947\u0930\u0949\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u091c\u0947. \u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 (Harold J. Laski)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> : \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u0927\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930<\/strong> : \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a<\/strong> : \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f, \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong> : \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0924\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e <strong>\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e (Positive Equality)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 14 \u0938\u0947 18<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>69.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>1763 \u0908.<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u0902\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u2014 <strong>1783 \u0908.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0902\u0925\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u2014 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0938\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 <strong>1825 \u0908.<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong> \u2014 <strong>1831 \u0908.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 \u2192 3 \u2192 4 \u2192 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 (<strong>1770<\/strong>) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u092b\u0948\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0915\u0940\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u0902\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0902\u0925\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 <strong>\u0915\u0930\u092e \u0936\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091f\u0940\u092a\u0942 \u0936\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 <strong>\u0924\u093f\u0924\u0941\u092e\u0940\u0930 (Syed Mir Nisar Ali)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0924\u093f\u0924\u0941\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u092c\u093e\u0901\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0932\u093e (Bamboo Fort)<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>70.<\/strong><br><strong>\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 (Bodhisattva)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u0940\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f (Enlightenment) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0941\u0923\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0917\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 <strong>\u0939\u0940\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 (\u0925\u0947\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u201c\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0939\u0924\u201d \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f <strong>6\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 <strong>\u0917\u094c\u0924\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927<\/strong> \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e <strong>\u0932\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093f\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0939\u0940\u0928\u092f\u093e\u0928 (\u0925\u0947\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u091c\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0928<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0924\u0941\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>71.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924 (Permanent Settlement) \u2014 1793<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f (Fifth Report) \u2014 1813<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u2014 1855-56<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u091d\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0925\u093e\u0932 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e <strong>\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094b<\/strong>, <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0942<\/strong>, <strong>\u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092d\u0948\u0930\u0935<\/strong> \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0926\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 (Deccan Riots Commission) \u2014 1875<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090b\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0926\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 <strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1879<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I \u2192 IV \u2192 III \u2192 II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>D<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>72.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938 (Lord Cornwallis)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 <strong>1786 \u0938\u0947 1793<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 <strong>\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932<\/strong> \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924 (Permanent Settlement), 1793<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a \u2192 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0911\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 (Augustus Cleveland)<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u0939\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u201c\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u201d (Policy of Pacification) \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0908\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b \u2192 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u0941\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0928 (Francis Buchanan)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0928\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c \u2192 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0921\u094b (David Ricardo)<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Theory of Comparative Advantage)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 (Rent Theory) \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u201cPrinciples of Political Economy and Taxation\u201d (1817)<\/strong> \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d \u2192 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a \u2192 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b \u2192 4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c \u2192 1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d \u2192 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>73.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e (Harappan Civilization)<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928, \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u0924\u0915 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928, \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 (Lothal)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094b\u0926\u0940 (Dockyard) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0925\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 (Carnelian)<\/strong> \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092d\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 <strong>1 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e (Kalibangan)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0939\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0922\u093c<\/strong> \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u091c\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0916\u0947\u0924 (Ploughed Field)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 <strong>2 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0927\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930\u093e (Dholavira)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u091a\u094d\u091b<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 <strong>\u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f\u094b\u0902 (Reservoirs)<\/strong>, \u092c\u093e\u0901\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0927\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 <strong>3 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 (Nageshwar)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0940\u092a (Shell)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0902\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0940\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092d\u0942\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 <strong>4 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 1-b<br>\u2022 2-c<br>\u2022 3-d<br>\u2022 4-a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928\u091c\u094b\u0926\u0921\u093c\u094b<\/strong> \u2014 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0940\u0917\u0922\u093c\u0940<\/strong> \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0921\u093c\u092a\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<br>\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0942\u0926\u0921\u093c\u094b<\/strong> \u2014 \u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>74.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0908\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0926\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0941\u0908\u0928\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 (Muinuddin Chishti)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 12\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0906\u090f \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0905\u091c\u092e\u0947\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u201c<strong>\u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091c\u093c<\/strong>\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u092e\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0905\u091c\u092e\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u092b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 IV \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0902\u091c-\u090f-\u0936\u0915\u0930 (Baba Farid)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e, \u0938\u093e\u0926\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u093e\u0917 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092c<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 II \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0935\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0905\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0916\u0941\u0938\u0930\u094b<\/strong> \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 I \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u0938\u0940\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0917-\u090f-\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/strong> \u2014 \u0935\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u201c<strong>\u091a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0917-\u090f-\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940<\/strong>\u201d \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u2014 III \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 IV \u2192 II \u2192 I \u2192 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>75.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2024<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>Editorial Writing (\u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928)<\/strong> \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 <strong>Pulitzer Prize<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0908. \u0939\u0949\u092b\u092e\u0948\u0928 (David E. Hoffman)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 <strong>The Washington Post<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093f\u091f\u0932 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 (Authoritarian) \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0908 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pulitzer Prize<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 <strong>\u091c\u094b\u0938\u0947\u092b \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 (Joseph Pulitzer)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1917<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f, \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924, \u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2024 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>The New York Times<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0917\u093e\u091c\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 <strong>Reuters<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u093c \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 <strong>Justin Chang<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e (Criticism) \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0925\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938\u092c\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2015 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <em>The Boston Globe<\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0932 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2020 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <em>The New York Times Magazine<\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u201c1619 Project\u201d<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Commentary \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092b\u0947\u0902\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2013 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Commentary \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u201c<strong>\u0911\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong>\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>76.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 <strong>\u201cHarry Potter\u201d<\/strong> \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e <strong>\u091c\u0947.\u0915\u0947. \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 (J.K. Rowling)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092b\u0948\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 <strong>\u201cHarry Potter and the Philosopher\u2019s Stone\u201d<\/strong> \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>1997<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f <strong>Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u2014<br>\u2022 \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930<br>\u2022 \u0939\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091c\u0930<br>\u2022 \u0930\u0949\u0928 \u0935\u0940\u091c\u093c\u0932\u0940<br>\u2022 \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921\u0947\u092e\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f<br>\u2022 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u0938 \u0921\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0921\u094b\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u0947.\u0906\u0930.\u0906\u0930. \u091f\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u2014 \u201cThe Lord of the Rings\u201d \u0914\u0930 \u201cThe Hobbit\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0940.\u090f\u0938. \u0932\u0941\u0908\u0938<\/strong> \u2014 \u201cThe Chronicles of Narnia\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u094b\u0906\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0921\u093e\u0939\u0932<\/strong> \u2014 \u201cCharlie and the Chocolate Factory\u201d \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0947.\u0915\u0947. \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0908 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>77.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UNSC<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a <strong>United Nations Security Council<\/strong> \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 (UNO)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e <strong>24 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1945<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f <strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 (\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u2014<br>\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e<br>\u2022 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e<br>\u2022 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0947\u091c\u0928\u093e<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 (Sanctions) \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e<br>\u2022 \u0928\u090f \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UNSC \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0932 <strong>15 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>5 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f (Permanent Members)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>10 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f (Non-Permanent Members)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u2014<br>\u2022 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e<br>\u2022 \u0930\u0942\u0938<br>\u2022 \u091a\u0940\u0928<br>\u2022 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928<br>\u2022 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>Veto Power (\u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930)<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 UNSC \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0939 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u2014<br>\u2022 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u092d\u093e (General Assembly)<br>\u2022 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 (ECOSOC)<br>\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f (ICJ)<br>\u2022 \u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0932\u092f (Secretariat)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>78.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IFC-IOR<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a <strong>Information Fusion Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f <strong>\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Indian Ocean Region)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 <strong>2018<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e (\u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u2014<br>\u2022 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0921\u0915\u0948\u0924\u0940 (Piracy)<br>\u2022 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0940<br>\u2022 \u0906\u0924\u0902\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<br>\u2022 \u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e<br>\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 IFC-IOR \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IFC-IOR \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947\u0902\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region)<\/strong><br>\u2022 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u094b-\u092a\u0948\u0938\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<br>\u2022 \u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>79.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u03b1 = \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e ( &gt; )<br>\u2022 \u00df = \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 ( = )<br>\u2022 \u03b8 = \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 ( \u2265 )<br>\u2022 \u03b3 = \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e ( &lt; )<br>\u2022 \u03b4 = \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 ( \u2260 )<br>\u2022 \u03b7 = \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 ( \u2264 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u03b1 2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C &gt; 2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2d \u03b8 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2d \u2265 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f 2d, s \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 C &gt; 2d<br>\u2022 2d \u2265 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u092c C, 2d \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 2d, s \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 C, s \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C &gt; s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e\u201d = \u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u03b1 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>80.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MIKE \u2192 2%#$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<br>\u2022 M = 2<br>\u2022 I = %<br>\u2022 K = #<br>\u2022 E = $<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KOAL \u2192 #@75<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947\u2014<br>\u2022 K = #<br>\u2022 O = @<br>\u2022 A = 7<br>\u2022 L = 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u201cAIM\u201d \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A = 7<br>\u2022 I = %<br>\u2022 M = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AIM \u2192 7%2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>81.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TEACHER \u2192 KAELRAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 T \u2192 K<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 A \u2192 E<br>\u2022 C \u2192 L<br>\u2022 H \u2192 R<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 R \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u201cCHEATER\u201d \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 C \u2192 L<br>\u2022 H \u2192 R<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 A \u2192 E<br>\u2022 T \u2192 K<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 R \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CHEATER \u2192 LRAEKAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>82.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 (Opposite Letter Pattern)<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0935\u0939 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 27 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<br>\u2022 A \u2194 Z<br>\u2022 B \u2194 Y<br>\u2022 C \u2194 X<br>\u2022 D \u2194 W<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u201cDIAMOND\u201d \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u094b\u0921<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D<\/td><td>W<\/td><td>V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I<\/td><td>R<\/td><td>Q<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A<\/td><td>Z<\/td><td>Y<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>O<\/td><td>L<\/td><td>K<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><td>L<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D<\/td><td>W<\/td><td>V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 1 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u201cFEMALE\u201d \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u094b\u0921<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F<\/td><td>U<\/td><td>T<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E<\/td><td>V<\/td><td>U<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A<\/td><td>Z<\/td><td>Y<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>L<\/td><td>O<\/td><td>N<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E<\/td><td>V<\/td><td>U<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TUMYNU<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 <strong>A<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>83.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 (Arrow) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0918\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e (Anti-clockwise direction) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 1 \u0938\u0947 8 \u0924\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u094b\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>1<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>3<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>4<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>6<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 Anti-clockwise \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>7<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a A<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f 7 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"86\" height=\"81\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>84.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 <strong>\u2018+\u2019 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 <strong>1 \u0938\u0947 8<\/strong> \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u2018+\u2019 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 <strong>Anti-clockwise<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018+\u2019 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>1<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>3<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>4<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>6<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u2018+\u2019 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f <strong>7<\/strong> \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u094b \u090a\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0941\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" height=\"69\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>85.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 (Parallel Combination)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 (Voltage) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>220 V<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0902\u0916\u093e, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u092c, \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c, \u091f\u0940\u0935\u0940, \u0915\u0942\u0932\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091a \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (Series Connection)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0940\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f, \u0924\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 \u091f\u0942\u091f \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 <strong>\u0913\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Ohm\u2019s Law)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>86.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0928\u093e <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Phototropism)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e <strong>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 (Auxin)<\/strong> \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092d\u093e\u0917 (Shoot Apex) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 (Cell Elongation) \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 IV \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f (Cell Elongation)<br>\u2022 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Phototropism)<br>\u2022 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Geotropism)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0928\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u093f\u092c\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0928 (Gibberellin)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0907\u0928\u093f\u0928 (Cytokinin)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928<br>\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 (ABA)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915<br>\u2022 <strong>\u090f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0928 (Ethylene)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092b\u0932 \u092a\u0915\u0928\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>87.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0940\u0935-\u091c\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f (Binomial Nomenclature)<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0938 (Carolus Linnaeus)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 (Taxonomy) \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u2014 <strong>\u0935\u0902\u0936 (Genus)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e<br>\u2022 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u2014 <strong>\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f (Species)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0935\u0902\u0936 (Genus) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f (Species) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0924\u093f\u0930\u091b\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u094b\u0902 (Italic) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u2014 <em>Homo sapiens<\/em><br>\u2022 \u0906\u092e \u2014 <em>Mangifera indica<\/em><br>\u2022 \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u2014 <em>Panthera leo<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>88.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e (Ribosome)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917 (Cell Organelles) \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 (Protein Synthesis)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u201c<strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong>\u201d \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u2014 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u2014 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0940\u0928\u094b \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 (Amino Acids) \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e (Enzymes) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0928\u094d\u091c\u093e\u0907\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (I) \u0914\u0930 (II) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0938 (Lipids) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0925 \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0932\u092e (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum &#8211; SER)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 (III) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0925\u0928 (IV) \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u091d\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c <strong>\u091c\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091c \u092a\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0947 (George Palade)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u201cPalade Particles\u201d \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e <strong>\u0930\u092b \u090f\u0902\u0921\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0932\u092e (RER)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 70S \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 80S \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br>\u2022 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094b\u092e \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>89.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 (Tendrils) \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940, \u0927\u093e\u0917\u0947\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u092e\u091f\u0930<br>\u2022 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u0942\u0930<br>\u2022 \u0932\u094c\u0915\u0940<br>\u2022 \u0915\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0942<br>\u2022 \u0916\u0940\u0930\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928 (Touch Stimulus)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Thigmotropism)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u092a\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0928 <strong>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 (Auxin)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u0942\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0915 \u0913\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Tropisms)\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Phototropism)<\/strong> \u2014 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Geotropism)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>\u2022 <strong>\u091c\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Hydrotropism)<\/strong> \u2014 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Chemotropism)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 (Thigmotropism)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>90.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (CP) = \u20b98400<br>\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (SP) = \u20b96384<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f (Loss) \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f = \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u2212 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8400 \u2212 6384<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u20b92016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 = (\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \/ \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f) \u00d7 100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2016 \/ 8400) \u00d7 100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 24%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>91.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 (h) = 12 cm<br>\u2022 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 (l) = 13 cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>l\u00b2 = r\u00b2 + h\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13\u00b2 = r\u00b2 + 12\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>169 = r\u00b2 + 144<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r\u00b2 = 25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r = 5 cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e 5 cm \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 5\u00b2 \u00d7 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 25 \u00d7 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 100\u03c0 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0r\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 5\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 125<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 250\u03c0\/3 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u092c \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 100\u03c0 + 250\u03c0\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (300\u03c0 + 250\u03c0)\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 550\u03c0\/3 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>92.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>a. \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f (Confidence Building Measures) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> ii. \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e :<\/strong><br>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0917\u0932\u0924\u092b\u0939\u092e\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>b. \u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 (Arms Control) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> iv. \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><br>\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <strong>\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0940-\u092c\u0948\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f (ABM Treaty)<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>c. \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (Alliance\/Coalition) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> iii. \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 :<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u091f\u094b (NATO)<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>d. \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Disarmament) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> i. \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 :<\/strong><br>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>93.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 (Majoritarianism)<\/strong> \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0932\u0902\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 (Power Sharing)<\/strong> \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0908, \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0902\u091f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0908 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u2014<br>\u2022 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928<br>\u2022 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<br>\u2022 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940<br>\u2022 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0921\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>94.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924<\/strong> \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0938\u092d\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932 \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 I \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 II \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u201c\u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924\u201d \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 III \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong>, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u0925\u0928 IV \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932 \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 75<\/strong> \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926 164<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>95.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 (Power Sharing) \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0908, \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R), \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092c\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/strong> \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0921\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 <strong>\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0932\u0902\u0915\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>96.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>(iv) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 :<\/strong><br>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e (Geothermal Gradient)<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>(ii) \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e :<\/strong><br>\u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0932 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>(i) \u092d\u093e\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 :<\/strong><br>\u091c\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>(iii) \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 :<\/strong><br>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0928\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e (Renewable Energy)<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0941\u0917\u093e \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 (\u0932\u0926\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0916)<\/strong>, <strong>\u092e\u0923\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 (\u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936)<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 (\u091b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u0938\u0917\u0922\u093c)<\/strong> \u092d\u0942\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>97.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 (Cotton) \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 (Black Soil \/ Regur Soil)<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e (Moisture Retention Capacity)<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 <strong>i<\/strong> \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 <strong>\u092c\u0947\u0938\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0948\u092a \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0936<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u201c\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u091c\u0941\u0924\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940\u201d (Self-Ploughing Soil) \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 <strong>ii<\/strong> \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u091c\u0932\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 <strong>iii<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 <strong>\u0915\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092d\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0930<\/strong> \u091c\u0932\u094b\u0922\u093c \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 (Alluvial Soil) \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u094b\u0922\u093c \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 <strong>iv<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0926\u094b\u092e\u091f \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930, \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u093e\u0924, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u0924\u0947\u0932\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>98.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>a. \u0938\u093f\u0930\u0938 (Ci), \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Cc), \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (Cs) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> III. \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0947, \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0932\u0947, \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 :<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (High Clouds) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0947, \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>b. \u0911\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Ac), \u0911\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (As) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> I. \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u0942\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0932\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 :<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Middle Clouds) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0942\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>c. \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (St), \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Sc), \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938 (Ns) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> II. \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0906\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936, \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u091b\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 :<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Low Clouds) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0922\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092b\u0941\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0938<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>d. \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0932\u0938 (Cu), \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0938 <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> IV. \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0947, \u092b\u0942\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f :<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0947 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 (Clouds with Vertical Development) \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 <strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0938<\/strong> \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928, \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u201cThunder Clouds\u201d \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0908, \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915 \u0939\u0949\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 (Luke Howard)<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>99.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>a. \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 (\u0938\u0939\u0940)<\/strong><br>\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 (\u0905\u0930\u0940\u092f) \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a (Radial Drainage Pattern) \u0924\u092c \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0926, \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092a\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 (Spokes) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>b. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 (\u0938\u0939\u0940)<\/strong><br><strong>\u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 \u092a\u0920\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930<br>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/strong> \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930<br>\u2022 <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>c. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0940\u0932\u0917\u093f\u0930\u093f \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 (\u0938\u0939\u0940)<\/strong><br>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0928\u0940\u0932\u0917\u093f\u0930\u093f \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/strong>, <strong>\u092e\u094b\u092f\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0915\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>100.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (Descending Order) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0928 (Sundarban Wetland)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>4230 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e-\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e <strong>\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935 \u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong> \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>UNESCO \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0930\u0949\u092f\u0932 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u0917\u0930<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0935\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093e\u0921 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f (Vembanad Wetland System)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>2033 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0948\u0915\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0928, \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u092e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u091a\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932 (Chilika Lake)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>1165 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0913\u0921\u093f\u0936\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u0917\u0942\u0928 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e <strong>\u0907\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0926\u0940 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u092d\u0930 \u091d\u0940\u0932 (Sambhar Lake)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>230 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0916\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094b \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>\u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0941\u0921\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f (Ashtamudi Wetland)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 <strong>61 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0940<\/strong><br>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u0947\u0930\u0932<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0932\u092e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u0948\u0915\u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u201c\u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0941\u0921\u0940\u201d \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0906\u0920 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928, \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0928 &gt; \u0935\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093e\u0921 &gt; \u091a\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e &gt; \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092d\u0930 &gt; \u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0941\u0921\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>e &gt; a &gt; b &gt; d &gt; c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094b\u091f :<\/strong><br>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e <strong>e <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> a <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> b <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> d <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> c<\/strong> \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a <strong>Examdhara<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download_Pdf_%F0%9F%91%87\"><\/span><strong>Download Pdf<\/strong> \ud83d\udc47<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.examdhara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bihar-SI-1799-Mains-Question-Paper-With-Explanaion-In-Hindi-27.05.2026-Memory-Based-www.examdhara.com_.pdf\">\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u094b\u0917\u093e 1799 \u092e\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 (27 \u092e\u0908 2026) Pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer in English<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Identify the incorrect pair:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar \u2014 Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution<br>B. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad \u2014 First Education Minister of India<br>C. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur \u2014 First Health Minister of India<br>D. Acharya Narendra Dev \u2014 Founding President of the Communist Party of India<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Which of the following statements regarding the provisions related to a Money Bill are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. It can be introduced only by a minister, either in the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha.<br>b. It can be introduced only on the recommendation of the President, and requires the Speaker\u2019s certification when transmitted to the Rajya Sabha.<br>c. It can be detained by the Rajya Sabha for a maximum of 14 days.<br>d. There is a provision for a joint sitting.<br>e. Defeat of the Money Bill in the Lok Sabha requires the government to resign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. b, c and e<br>B. a, b and c<br>C. c, d and e<br>D. a, d and e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Which of the following are federal features of the Indian Constitution?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. Dual government<br>b. Single Constitution<br>c. Supremacy of the Constitution<br>d. Division of powers<br>e. Integrated judiciary<br>f. Bicameral legislature<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, c and d<br>B. a, c, d and f<br>C. b, c, d and e<br>D. b, d, e and f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Which of the following are discretionary powers of the Governor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. Reserving a bill for the consideration of the President.<br>b. Acting as the administrator of a Union Territory.<br>c. Power under Schedule IV.<br>d. Appointment of the Chief Minister and dismissal of the government.<br>e. Reporting to the President regarding the failure of constitutional machinery in the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, d and e<br>B. a, c, d and e<br>C. b, c, d and e<br>D. b, d and e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. Which Article of the Constitution provides that the Prime Minister shall communicate to the President all decisions of the Council of Ministers?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Article 74(1)(a)<br>B. Article 75(2)<br>C. Article 78<br>D. Article 81<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/5-bihar-si-2001-2026-50-memory-based\"><strong><\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Match the following: Iron Ore Regions and States<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I (Iron Ore Region)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II (State)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. Gua and Noamundi<\/td><td>i. Chhattisgarh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. Bailadila<\/td><td>ii. Jharkhand<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. Bellary-Chitradurga<\/td><td>iii. Maharashtra<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. Ratnagiri<\/td><td>iv. Karnataka<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-iii<br>B. 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv<br>C. 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-i<br>D. 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-ii<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7. Which of the following statement(s) is\/are correct regarding wheat crop in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. It is the main food crop of the eastern part of the country.<br>II. It requires bright sunshine during early growth and cool weather at the time of ripening.<br>III. It requires 50\u201375 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed during its growing season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I and II<br>B. Only II<br>C. Only III<br>D. II and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8. Which of the following statements is not true about the Brahmaputra River?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. It originates in Arunachal Pradesh.<br>B. It is slightly longer than the Indus River.<br>C. It takes a \u2018U\u2019 turn near Namcha Barwa.<br>D. Dibang and Lohit rivers join it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9. Match Column-I (Drought Severity) with Column-II (Indian Region):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I (Drought Severity)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II (Indian Region)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. Extremely drought affected<\/td><td>a. Western coastal region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. Severely drought affected<\/td><td>b. Coimbatore Plateau<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. Moderately drought affected<\/td><td>c. Western region of Aravalli Hills<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. Drought free<\/td><td>d. Eastern part of Maharashtra<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d<br>B. 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c<br>C. 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b<br>D. 1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10. A group of students was conducting research on the level of water pollution in Delhi. Which institution should the students visit to obtain information about water quality?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC)<br>B. Indian Council of Environmental Research (ICER)<br>C. National Water Development Agency (NWDA)<br>D. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>11. Who among the following is responsible for the establishment of Judicial Activism in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Justice P. N. Bhagwati<br>II. Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer<br>III. Justice Hidayatullah<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I and III<br>B. II and III<br>C. III and I<br>D. I and II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>12. Which Act provides the framework for biodiversity conservation in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Forest Conservation Act, 1980<br>B. Biological Diversity Act, 2002<br>C. Environment Protection Act, 1986<br>D. Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act, 1912<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>13. Which of the following is not a presentation program?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Impress<br>B. Keynote<br>C. PowerPoint<br>D. KSpread<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>14. Which day is observed as \u2018National Space Day\u2019 in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 23 August<br>B. 25 August<br>C. 23 September<br>D. 25 September<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>15. The Indian scientist who won the 2024 Tata Transformation Fellowship for research in health and agricultural technologies is \u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Dr. R. Srinivasan<br>B. Dr. K. M. Ramaswamy<br>C. Prof. C. Anandharankrishna<br>D. Prof. Rajendra Mukhopadhyay<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>16. Which famous writer from Bihar wrote the novel \u201cMaila Aanchal\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Ramdhari Singh Dinkar<br>B. Phanishwar Nath \u2018Renu\u2019<br>C. Shivpujan Sahay<br>D. Devki Nandan Khatri<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>17. Statement: A Firewall acts as a network filter.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conclusions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. A firewall is placed on a computer.<br>II. A firewall works as a wall that provides protection against worms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Only conclusion I is correct.<br>B. Only conclusion II is correct.<br>C. Both conclusions I and II are correct.<br>D. Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>18. Udwa Lake, which recently received the status of a \u2018Ramsar Site\u2019, is located in which state?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Bihar<br>B. Sikkim<br>C. Tamil Nadu<br>D. Jharkhand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19. Young mountaineer Nitish Singh hoisted the Indian tricolour on \u2018Mount Kinabalu\u2019, the highest peak of which country?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. India<br>B. Myanmar<br>C. Nepal<br>D. Malaysia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20. In 2024, a commemorative postage stamp was issued on the occasion of the 100th birth anniversary of which legendary singer?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Mohammed Rafi<br>B. Mukesh<br>C. Mahendra Kapoor<br>D. Kishore Kumar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>21. What is the most common route of administration of Activated Charcoal in clinical settings?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Intravenous (IV)<br>B. Oral Suspension<br>C. Subcutaneous Injection<br>D. Topical Application<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>22. Match Column-I with Column-II:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P. Most electronegative element<\/td><td>I. Nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q. Element of Group-14 having minimum atomic radius<\/td><td>II. Boron<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R. Element of Group-13 which is a semiconductor<\/td><td>III. Carbon<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S. Element of Group-15 which forms triple bond<\/td><td>IV. Fluorine<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. P-I, Q-III, R-II, S-IV<br>B. P-IV, Q-III, R-I, S-II<br>C. P-IV, Q-III, R-II, S-I<br>D. P-IV, Q-II, R-III, S-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>23. Match the following chemical equations with the types of chemical reactions:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Chemical Equation<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Type of Chemical Reaction<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. C(s) + O\u2082(g) \u2192 CO\u2082(g)<\/td><td>1. Displacement Reaction<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. CaCO\u2083(s) \u27f6 CaO(s) + CO\u2082(g)<\/td><td>2. Double Displacement Reaction<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Pb(s) + CuCl\u2082(aq) \u2192 PbCl\u2082(aq) + Cu(s)<\/td><td>3. Decomposition Reaction<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Na\u2082SO\u2084(aq) + BaCl\u2082(aq) \u2192 BaSO\u2084(s) + 2NaCl(aq)<\/td><td>4. Combination Reaction<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2<br>B. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4<br>C. a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3<br>D. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>24. During the electrolytic refining of copper, the anode, cathode and electrolyte used respectively are \u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Impure copper, pure copper, acidified copper sulphate solution<br>B. Pure copper, impure copper, sulphuric acid<br>C. Pure copper, impure copper, acidified copper sulphate solution<br>D. Impure copper, pure copper, distilled water<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>25. Match the elements given in Column-I with their electronic configuration given in Column-II:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Column-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1. Oxygen<\/td><td>a. 2,8,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. Neon<\/td><td>b. 2,6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. Aluminium<\/td><td>c. 2,8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. Phosphorus<\/td><td>d. 2,8,3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d<br>B. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d<br>C. 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a<br>D. 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>26. Match the physical quantities given in Column-I with the appropriate expressions given in Column-II:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>i. Work<\/td><td>a. W\/t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ii. Potential Energy<\/td><td>b. \u00bdmv\u00b2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>iii. Kinetic Energy<\/td><td>c. F \u00d7 s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>iv. Power<\/td><td>d. mgh<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. i-c, ii-d, iii-b, iv-a<br>B. i-d, ii-c, iii-c, iv-b<br>C. i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a<br>D. i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>27. A porter lifts a luggage of 15 kg from the ground and places it on his head at a height of 2 m in 5 seconds. Another porter lifts the same luggage to the same height in 10 seconds. Choose the correct option for the above situation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. The first porter did more work<br>B. The second porter did more work<br>C. Both porters did equal work<br>D. The second porter exerted more power than the first porter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>28. The current flowing through the 10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong> resistor in the following circuit is \u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1.2 A<br>B. 0.6 A<br>C. 0.2 A<br>D. 2.0 A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>29. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Assertion (A): <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"76\" height=\"40\" src=\"\"><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R): The Distributive Law applies to multiplication over addition, not to division over addition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).<br>B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).<br>C. (A) is true but (R) is false.<br>D. (A) is false but (R) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/test.examdhara.com\/test-series\/14-ncert-6-12-history-chapterwise-test-series-old-and-new-ncert\"><strong><\/strong><\/a><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>30. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (S\u2081): If tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8 = 2, then tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (S\u2082): If cosec A = \u221a2\u200b, then<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both statements S\u2081 and S\u2082 are true.<br>B. Statement S\u2081 is true while statement S\u2082 is false.<br>C. Statement S\u2082 is true while statement S\u2081 is false.<br>D. Both statements S\u2081 and S\u2082 are false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>31. An urn contains tickets numbered from 13, 14, 15, &#8230;, 40. One ticket is drawn at random. The probability that the number on the drawn ticket is greater than 18 and a multiple of 6 is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"27\" height=\"34\" src=\"\"><br>B. 3\/28<br>C. 5\/28<br>D. 1\/7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>32. if<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"51\" height=\"43\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;and<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"51\" height=\"43\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;,<\/strong> <strong>find the value of &nbsp;<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" height=\"34\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3 + 2\u221a2<br>B. 3 \u2212 2\u221a2<br>C. 6<br>D. 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>33. The total number of terms in the arithmetic progression 213, 205, 197, &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.., 37 is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 21<br>B. 22<br>C. 23<br>D. 24<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>34. Match List-I related to Articles of the Constitution with List-II related to their provisions and choose the correct answer using the code given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List-I (Articles of the Constitution)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II (Provisions)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. Article 14<\/td><td>I. The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. Article 15<\/td><td>II. The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Article 16<\/td><td>III. Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Article 17<\/td><td>IV. Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and appointment to any office under the State.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-II, b-IV, c-I, d-III<br>B. a-II, b-I, c-IV, d-III<br>C. a-II, b-I, c-III, d-IV<br>D. a-III, b-IV, c-I, d-II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>35. Who among the following described democracy as the \u2018Tyranny of the Majority\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Rousseau<br>B. John Dunning<br>C. De Tocqueville<br>D. Mark Twain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>36. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option from the options given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Fran\u00e7ois Bernier had close relations with Prince Dara Shikoh.<br>II. Bernier travelled to many parts of the country and wrote detailed accounts.<br>III. He dedicated his major writings to the King of France and Aurangzeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. II and III<br>B. Only III<br>C. I and II<br>D. I, II and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>37. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement I: By the 1870s, cartoons and caricatures commenting on social and political issues began to appear in Indian magazines and newspapers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement II: Some cartoons praised the attraction of educated Indians towards Western tastes and dresses, while others hoped for social change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Statement I is correct and II is incorrect.<br>B. Statement I is incorrect and II is correct.<br>C. Both I and II are incorrect.<br>D. Both I and II are correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>38. Faizal wanted to become a follower of Sufism. Identify the qualities from the following that are in accordance with the principles of Sufism and are expected to be adopted by Faizal.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compassion towards companions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desire for greater power<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desire to live a luxurious life<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Detachment from worldly affairs<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1 and 2<br>B. 2 and 3<br>C. 3 and 4<br>D. 1 and 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>39. The ______ and ______ dynasties rose after the Chalukyas.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Cholas and Yadavas<br>B. Pandyas and Hoysalas<br>C. Yadavas and Kakatiyas<br>D. Cholas and Pandyas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40. Which of the following places was not an important trading centre during the Mughal period?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Agra<br>B. Burhanpur<br>C. Lahore<br>D. Golconda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>41. Which of the following mentions the irrigation system?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Arthashastra<br>B. Nitisara<br>C. Ashtadhyayi<br>D. Shaddarshana<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>42. Here are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct answer according to the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Assertion (A): Most of the deserts of the world are located on the western margins of continents in the subtropical regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R): Oceanic currents (trade winds) bring moisture from the sea to the eastern coasts, and by the time they reach the western coasts, the moisture content decreases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).<br>B. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).<br>C. (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.<br>D. (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>43. Match Column I with Column II:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column I (Known As)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column II (Characteristics)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. Pura<\/td><td>I. Indicates a place where an earlier settlement existed and the main settlement is found around it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. Kalan<\/td><td>II. Used at the end of a village name to describe a larger settlement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Khurd<\/td><td>III. Used to indicate a smaller settlement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Kheda<\/td><td>IV. Indicates elevated village land along with small colonies<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-III, b-I, c-IV, d-II<br>B. a-IV, b-I, c-III, d-II<br>C. a-II, b-IV, c-I, d-III<br>D. a-I, b-II, c-III, d-IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>44. Who wrote the book \u2018Poverty and Un-British Rule in India\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Gopal Krishna Gokhale<br>B. R. C. Dutt<br>C. Dadabhai Naoroji<br>D. Chittaranjan Das<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>45. Siachen Glacier, the world\u2019s highest battlefield, is part of which mountain range?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Karakoram Range<br>B. Pir Panjal Range<br>C. Zanskar Range<br>D. Dhauladhar Range<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>46. Which rank in the Indian Navy is equivalent to the rank of Major General in the Indian Army?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Rear Admiral<br>B. Commodore<br>C. Vice Admiral<br>D. Captain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>47. In which year did the \u2018Lota Rebellion\u2019 begin in Muzaffarpur district?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1856<br>B. 1857<br>C. 1855<br>D. 1860<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>48. Which of the following is not a founder of Airbnb?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Joe Gebbia<br>B. Amanpreet Singh Bajaj<br>C. Nathan Blecharczyk<br>D. Brian Chesky<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>49. \u2018Itanagar\u2019 is the capital of which of the following states?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Meghalaya<br>B. Arunachal Pradesh<br>C. Manipur<br>D. Mizoram<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>50. Which state recorded the third highest growth in the transport and communication sector between 2011 and 2024?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Bihar<br>B. Uttar Pradesh<br>C. Karnataka<br>D. Maharashtra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>51. Which of the following is not a commonly used DBMS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Oracle<br>B. MySQL<br>C. Microsoft Excel<br>D. PostgreSQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>52. World Health Day is observed on which day?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 4 April<br>B. 7 April<br>C. 10 April<br>D. 15 April<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>53. Who is known for the book \u201cUntouchable\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Mulk Raj Anand<br>B. Ismat Chughtai<br>C. R.K. Narayan<br>D. Kamala Das<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>54. M is 2 years older than P. L is 2 years older than O. O\u2019s age is the average of the ages of L and N, and P\u2019s age is the average of the ages of L and M. Also, L\u2019s age is the average of the ages of P and O. Who is the youngest?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. L<br>B. M<br>C. N<br>D. O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>55. In a certain code language, \u20183a, 2b, 7c\u2019 means \u2018good and tasty\u2019, \u20187c, 9a, 8b\u2019 means \u2018see good pictures\u2019 and \u20189a, 4d, 2b\u2019 means \u2018pictures and faint\u2019. Which of the following codes represents the word \u2018see\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3a<br>B. 7c<br>C. 8b<br>D. 9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>56. If M means \u2018division\u2019, N means \u2018addition\u2019, P means \u2018subtraction\u2019 and B means \u2018multiplication\u2019, then what is the value of the expression 13P13B36M9N17?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. \u22129<br>B. 21<br>C. \u221222<br>D. 245<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>57. Four positions of the same dice are shown. Which colour will be opposite to the yellow colour in this dice?<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"316\" height=\"80\" src=\"\" alt=\"f1301b4c-95eb-4773-b709-96c57865bab5.png\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Red<br>B. Blue<br>C. Pink<br>D. Purple<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>58. Two different positions of the same dice are shown. If the number 5 is on the bottom face of the dice, then which number will appear on the top face?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. 6<br>B. 4<br>C. 2<br>D. 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>59. A clock seen in a mirror shows the time as 9:30. What is the correct time?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 2:30<br>B. 3:30<br>C. 6:30<br>D. 5:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>60. Choose the related term from the given options.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AG : ? :: EK : MS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. OI<br>B. JO<br>C. IO<br>D. JP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Directions: (61 &amp; 62)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) P + Q means P is the father of Q.<br>(ii) P \u2212 Q means P is the mother of Q.<br>(iii) P \u00d7 Q means P is the brother of Q.<br>(iv) P \u00f7 Q means P is the sister of Q.<br>(v) P * Q means P is the son of Q.<br>(vi) P # Q means P is the daughter of Q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>61. In the given expression, how is A related to F?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A + B \u00d7 C \u00f7 D * E # F<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Son<br>B. Son-in-law<br>C. Brother<br>D. Father-in-law<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>62. In the given expression, how is F related to A?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A # B \u2212 C * D + E \u00f7 F<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Brother<br>B. Sister<br>C. Brother or Sister<br>D. Cousin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>63. Anuj borrowed \u20b98,000 for 2 years at the rate of 10% per annum. The amount will be \u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>i. If compound interest is calculated annually.<br>ii. If compound interest is calculated half-yearly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. i. 9,680, ii. 9,746.15<br>B. i. 9,680, ii. 9,724.05<br>C. i. 9,860, ii. 9,724.05<br>D. i. 9,860, ii. 9,764.15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>64. A circus motorcyclist performs inside a hollow sphere whose external diameter is 15 m. If the thickness of the sphere is 0.5 m, then the area available to the motorcyclist for performing stunts is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 308<br>B. 462<br>C. 616<br>D. 2464<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>65. When two dice are thrown together at random, what is the probability that the sum of the numbers on both dice is 9?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1\/12<br>B. 1\/18<br>C. 1\/9<br>D. 5\/36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>66. <\/strong>T<strong>he factorization of<\/strong> <strong>4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (\u22122x + 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<br>B. (2x \u2212 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<br>C. (\u22122x \u2212 3y + 4z)\u00b2<br>D. (2x + 3y \u2212 4z)\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>67. In the following question, an Assertion (A) is followed by a Reason (R). Choose the correct option:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assertion (A):<\/strong> A cylinder and a right circular cone have the same base and the same height. The volume of the cylinder is three times the volume of the cone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reason (R):<\/strong> If the radius of a cylinder is doubled and its height is halved, then its volume becomes double.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).<br>B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).<br>C. (A) is true but (R) is false.<br>D. (A) is false but (R) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>68. According to Laski, equality means \u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Absence of special privileges.<br>II. Availability of adequate opportunities for all.<br>III. Everyone should have access to social benefits and no one should be restricted on any ground.<br>IV. Absence of economic and social exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II and III<br>B. I, II and IV<br>C. II, III and IV<br>D. I, II, III and IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>69. Arrange the following events of peasant uprisings in chronological order from earlier to later and choose the correct option.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Barasat Peasant Revolt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sanyasi Rebellion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rangpur Peasant Revolt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pagal Panthi Revolt<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 3, 4, 1, 2<br>B. 2, 3, 1, 4<br>C. 2, 3, 4, 1<br>D. 4, 1, 2, 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>70. Consider the following statements regarding Buddhism and choose the correct option.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. The concept of Bodhisattva is the central feature of the Hinayana sect of Buddhism.<br>II. A Bodhisattva is a compassionate being on the path to enlightenment.<br>III. Bodhisattvas attain Nirvana for personal salvation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Only II and III<br>B. Only II<br>C. Only I and II<br>D. I, II and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>71. Which of the following shows the correct chronological order of events related to agricultural development in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Permanent Settlement in Bengal<br>II. Deccan Riots Commission<br>III. Santhal Revolt<br>IV. Fifth Report of the Select Committee<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II, III and IV<br>B. II, III, IV and I<br>C. III, II, I and IV<br>D. I, IV, III and II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>72. In the context of the role of British officials in India, match Column-II with Column-I using the codes given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. Lord Cornwallis<\/td><td>1. Supervisor<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. Augustus Cleveland<\/td><td>2. Economist<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Francis Buchanan<\/td><td>3. Governor-General of Bengal<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. David Ricardo<\/td><td>4. Policy of Pacification<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3<br>B. a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4<br>C. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2<br>D. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>73. Match the following and choose the correct option:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>List-I (Harappan Site)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>List-II (Famous For)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1. Lothal<\/td><td>a. Specialized centre for shell objects<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. Kalibangan<\/td><td>b. Nearby source of carnelian<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. Dholavira<\/td><td>c. Evidence of ploughed field<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. Nageshwar<\/td><td>d. Reservoirs found<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a<br>B. 1-a, 2-d, 3-c, 4-b<br>C. 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a<br>D. 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>74. Identify the correct chronological order of the \u2018Chishti Silsila\u2019 from the following options:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya<br>II. Sheikh Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar<br>III. Sheikh Nasiruddin Chirag-e-Delhi<br>IV. Sheikh Moinuddin Chishti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. I, II, III and IV<br>B. II, III, IV and I<br>C. III, II, I and IV<br>D. IV, II, I and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>75. Who received the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing in the year 2024?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Kathleen Kingsbury<br>B. David E. Hoffman<br>C. Nikole Hannah-Jones<br>D. Bret Stephens<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>76. Who is the author of the \u201cHarry Potter\u201d series?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. J.R.R. Tolkien<br>B. C.S. Lewis<br>C. J.K. Rowling<br>D. Roald Dahl<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>77. The full form of UNSC is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. United Nations Security Council<br>B. Unified National Saving Certificate<br>C. Untitled National Search Certificate<br>D. United National Search Council<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>78. IFC-IOR stands for:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Information Fusion Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<br>B. Internal Function Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<br>C. International File Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<br>D. Intelligence Function Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>79. If <\/strong><strong>\u03b1<\/strong><strong> means \u2018greater than\u2019, \u00df means \u2018equal to\u2019, <\/strong><strong>\u03b8<\/strong><strong> means \u2018not less than\u2019, <\/strong><strong>\u03b3<\/strong><strong> means \u2018less than\u2019, <\/strong><strong>\u03b4<\/strong><strong> means \u2018not equal to\u2019 and <\/strong><strong>\u03b7<\/strong><strong> means \u2018not greater than\u2019, then choose the correct option for the given statement: C <\/strong><strong>\u03b1<\/strong><strong> 2d and 2d <\/strong><strong>\u03b8<\/strong><strong> s<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. C \u03b7 s<br>B. C \u03b1 s<br>C. C \u00df s<br>D. C \u03b3 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>80. In a certain code language, \u2018MIKE\u2019 is written as \u20182%#$\u2019 and \u2018KOAL\u2019 is written as \u2018#@75\u2019. How will \u2018AIM\u2019 be written in that code language?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 7%2<br>B. 2%5<br>C. @25<br>D. 7#2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>81. If \u2018TEACHER\u2019 is written as \u2018KAELRAS\u2019 in a coded language, then how will \u2018CHEATER\u2019 be written in the same language?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. LAREKAS<br>B. LRAEKSA<br>C. LAABRRT<br>D. LRAEKAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>82. If \u2018DIAMOND\u2019 is coded as \u2018VQYMKLV\u2019, then how can \u2018FEMALE\u2019 be coded?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. TUMYNU<br>B. UVNZOV<br>C. UVNYNV<br>D. TVNYNV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>83. Choose the figure from the answer figures that will continue the series of the question figure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"75\" height=\"70\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"72\" height=\"68\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" height=\"69\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; D. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"69\" height=\"66\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>84. Choose the figure that appropriately completes the series.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"84\" height=\"82\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"82\" height=\"82\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"85\" height=\"86\" src=\"\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; D. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"82\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>85. Here are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct answer according to the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Assertion (A): In domestic electric circuits, appliances are connected in parallel rather than in series.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R): Parallel connection ensures that each appliance receives the same voltage as the main supply and each appliance can operate independently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).<br>B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).<br>C. (A) is true, but (R) is false.<br>D. (A) is false, but (R) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>86. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the bending of a plant towards light?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Production of auxin in the region exposed to light.<br>II. Production of auxin in the shaded region.<br>III. Diffusion of auxin into the cells of the shaded region causes cell division.<br>IV. Diffusion of auxin into the cells of the shaded region causes those cells to elongate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Only I and IV<br>B. Only II and III<br>C. Only II and IV<br>D. Only I and III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>87. Here are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct answer according to the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assertion (A):<\/strong> The binomial nomenclature system was developed to identify the enormous diversity of organisms around us in a uniform manner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reason (R):<\/strong> A binomial name consists of two words \u2014 the generic name and the specific name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).<br>B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).<br>C. (A) is true but (R) is false.<br>D. (A) is false while (R) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>88. Which of the following are functions of ribosomes?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I. Protein synthesis<br>II. Formation of enzymes<br>III. Formation of fats (lipids)<br>IV. Formation of starch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (I) and (IV)<br>B. (I) and (III)<br>C. (III) and (IV)<br>D. (I) and (II)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>89. In plants, tendrils are sensitive to which stimulus?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Chemical stimulus<br>B. Electrical stimulus<br>C. Touch stimulus<br>D. Magnetic stimulus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>90. Prateek purchased an article for \u20b98,400 and sold it for \u20b96,384. What is the percentage of loss incurred by him?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 24%<br>B. 26%<br>C. 28%<br>D. 33%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>91. A cone of height 12 cm and slant height 13 cm is mounted on a hemisphere having the same radius as that of the cone. The volume of the solid in cm\u00b3 is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. 260\u03c0<br>B. 550\u03c0\/3<br>C. 486\u03c0<br>D. 320\u03c0\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: B<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>92. Match the terms given in Column-I with their meanings given in Column-II and choose the correct code as the answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. Confidence Building Measures<\/td><td>i. Giving up certain types of weapons<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. Arms Control<\/td><td>ii. A process of exchanging information on defence matters between nations on a regular basis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Alliance Military Attack<\/td><td>iii. A coalition of nations meant to deter or defend against<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Disarmament<\/td><td>iv. Regulates the acquisition or development of weapons<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i<br>B. a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv<br>C. a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii<br>D. a-iv, b-ii, c-iii, d-i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>93. Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes between Majoritarianism and Power Sharing?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Majoritarianism emphasizes the dominance of the majority community, while Power Sharing emphasizes the sharing of power among different groups.<br>B. Majoritarianism emphasizes the need for consensus building, while Power Sharing emphasizes the exclusion of minority groups.<br>C. Majoritarianism emphasizes the importance of accommodating minority interests, while Power Sharing emphasizes the need for majority rule.<br>D. Majoritarianism emphasizes the need for peaceful resolution of conflicts, while Power Sharing emphasizes the use of force to impose the majority\u2019s will.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>94. Considering the requirement for government formation, which of the following statements is correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement I: It is possible for independent candidates to form a government.<br>Statement II: Government formation is reserved only for political parties.<br>Statement III: Government formation is limited only to elected political parties.<br>Statement IV: Government can only be formed by elected political parties having majority support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Statements I and II are correct.<br>B. Statements I, II and III are correct.<br>C. Statement III is correct.<br>D. Statement IV is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>95. Two statements are given below, marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Assertion (A): Power sharing can help in preventing conflict in society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R): Power sharing ensures that different social groups are included in decision-making processes, reducing marginalization and promoting inclusiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (A) is true but (R) is false.<br>B. (A) is false but (R) is true.<br>C. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).<br>D. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>96. Arrange the following in the correct sequence. The process of generating geothermal energy is as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) It becomes so hot that when it rises to the Earth\u2019s surface, it turns into steam.<br>(ii) In such regions (where the geothermal gradient is high), groundwater absorbs heat from rocks and becomes hot.<br>(iii) This steam is used to drive turbines and generate electricity.<br>(iv) Geothermal energy exists because the Earth becomes progressively hotter with increasing depth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. (iv) \u2192 (ii) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iii)<br>B. (ii) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iii)<br>C. (i) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (iii) \u2192 (ii)<br>D. (iii) \u2192 (i) \u2192 (iv) \u2192 (ii)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>97. Mahesh gave his friend clues about the type of soil suitable for growing cotton. Which of the following clues given by Mahesh would be most useful in identifying the ideal type of soil?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clues:<br>i. It is known for its capacity to retain moisture.<br>ii. It turns yellow after hydration.<br>iii. It is rich in kankar and bhangar nodules.<br>iv. It is a well-drained loamy soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. Clue i<br>B. Clues i and iii<br>C. Clues i and ii<br>D. Clue iv<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>98. Match Column-I with Column-II:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Column-I (Types of Clouds)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Column-II (Characteristics)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>a. Cirrus (Ci), Cirro cumulus (Cc), Cirro stratus (Cs)<\/td><td>I. Layered or puffy, made of liquid water<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>b. Alto cumulus (Ac), Alto stratus (As)<\/td><td>II. Gloomy skies, light drizzle, generally overcast<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c. Stratus (St), Strato cumulus (Sc), Nimbo stratus (Ns)<\/td><td>III. Thin, white and icy, no rainfall<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>d. Cumulus (Cu), Cumulonimbus<\/td><td>IV. Tall, narrow and puffy<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a-I, b-II, c-III, d-IV<br>B. a-II, b-IV, c-III, d-I<br>C. a-III, b-I, c-II, d-IV<br>D. a-IV, b-III, c-II, d-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>99. Which of the following statements are correct about the radial drainage pattern?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. Tributaries originating from a peak flow downward following the slope and drain water in all directions.<br>b. Rivers originating from the Amarkantak Plateau provide a good example of radial drainage pattern.<br>c. Radial drainage patterns are also found in the Nilgiri Hills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a and c<br>B. b and c<br>C. a and b<br>D. a, b and c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>100. Arrange the wetland areas in descending order according to their approximate area in square kilometres.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. Vembanad Wetland<br>b. Chilika Lake<br>c. Ashtamudi Wetland<br>d. Sambhar Lake<br>e. Sundarban<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. a, b, c, d, e<br>B. e, b, d, c, a<br>C. a, e, c, b, d<br>D. e, a, b, d, c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explanation in English<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong><br>Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was one of the most important personalities in the process of framing the Indian Constitution. He was appointed as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly on <strong>29 August 1947<\/strong>. Due to his extraordinary contribution to the making of the Indian Constitution, he is widely known as the <strong>\u201cArchitect of the Indian Constitution.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the first Education Minister of independent India. He played a significant role in the development of modern education, scientific thinking, and higher educational institutions in India. During his tenure, institutions such as the <strong>University Grants Commission (UGC)<\/strong>, <strong>Sahitya Akademi<\/strong>, <strong>Sangeet Natak Akademi<\/strong>, and the <strong>Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)<\/strong> were established. Every year, <strong>11 November<\/strong> is celebrated as <strong>National Education Day<\/strong> in India on the occasion of his birth anniversary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rajkumari Amrit Kaur was the first Health Minister of independent India. She made remarkable contributions in the fields of public health, women\u2019s health, maternal and child welfare, and medical education. Due to her efforts, the establishment of the <strong>All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi<\/strong> became possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acharya Narendra Dev was a prominent socialist thinker, educationist, and freedom fighter of India. He was among the leading figures of the <strong>Congress Socialist Party<\/strong>. He was associated with the socialist movement in India, not with the foundation of the <strong>Communist Party of India (CPI)<\/strong>. The Communist Party of India was established in <strong>1925<\/strong>, and its founding leadership included personalities such as <strong>M.N. Roy<\/strong>, <strong>S.A. Dange<\/strong>, and <strong>Muzaffar Ahmed<\/strong>. Therefore, option D is the incorrect pair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong><br>The provisions related to the <strong>Money Bill<\/strong> are mentioned under <strong>Article 110<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution. A Money Bill is a bill related to taxation, government expenditure, the Consolidated Fund of India, borrowing of money, or other financial matters. In the Indian parliamentary system, the Money Bill holds special significance because it is directly connected with the government\u2019s financial policies and parliamentary responsibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (a) is incorrect because a Money Bill can be introduced only in the <strong>Lok Sabha<\/strong>. There is no provision for introducing it in the Rajya Sabha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (b) is correct. According to the Constitution, prior recommendation of the <strong>President<\/strong> is necessary before introducing a Money Bill in the Lok Sabha. Moreover, when it is transmitted to the Rajya Sabha, the <strong>Speaker of the Lok Sabha<\/strong> certifies that the bill is a Money Bill. The Speaker\u2019s decision in this regard is final.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (c) is also correct. The Rajya Sabha can withhold a Money Bill for a maximum period of <strong>14 days<\/strong>. It can only make recommendations, which may either be accepted or rejected by the Lok Sabha. If the Rajya Sabha does not return the bill within 14 days, it is deemed to have been passed automatically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (d) is incorrect because there is no provision for a <strong>Joint Sitting<\/strong> in the case of a Money Bill. Joint Sitting is provided under <strong>Article 108<\/strong> for ordinary bills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (e) is correct. In a parliamentary form of government, a Money Bill is associated with the confidence of the government. If the Lok Sabha rejects a Money Bill, it is treated as equivalent to a vote of no confidence, and the government may have to resign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.<\/strong><br>The Indian Constitution is generally described as a Constitution with a <strong>\u201cfederal system with a unitary bias.\u201d<\/strong> The framers of the Constitution incorporated both federal and unitary features while considering India\u2019s vast geographical size, cultural diversity, and the need for national unity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The major federal features of the Indian Constitution include <strong>dual government<\/strong>, <strong>supremacy of the Constitution<\/strong>, <strong>division of powers<\/strong>, and <strong>bicameral legislature<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dual Government means that governance operates at two levels \u2014 the <strong>Central Government<\/strong> and the <strong>State Governments<\/strong>. The powers of both are defined by the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Supremacy of the Constitution<\/strong> is a fundamental feature of federalism. In India, the Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and both the Union and State Governments function under it. Any law contrary to the Constitution can be declared unconstitutional by the judiciary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Division of Powers<\/strong> is one of the most important features of Indian federalism. Under the <strong>Seventh Schedule<\/strong>, powers are divided into the <strong>Union List<\/strong>, <strong>State List<\/strong>, and <strong>Concurrent List<\/strong>. This arrangement maintains a balance of authority between the Centre and the States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Bicameral Legislature<\/strong> is also a federal feature. The Parliament consists of two Houses \u2014 the <strong>Lok Sabha<\/strong> and the <strong>Rajya Sabha<\/strong>. The Rajya Sabha represents the states and strengthens the federal structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, a <strong>single Constitution<\/strong> and an <strong>integrated judiciary<\/strong> are considered unitary features of the Indian Constitution. Unlike countries such as the United States, where states have separate constitutions, India has a single Constitution for most states. Similarly, India follows an integrated judicial system under the leadership of the <strong>Supreme Court of India<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong><br>In the Indian Constitution, the Governor is the constitutional head of a state. Generally, the Governor acts on the advice of the Council of Ministers, but in certain situations, he also enjoys <strong>Discretionary Powers<\/strong>. These powers are mainly mentioned under <strong>Article 163<\/strong> of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reserving a bill for the consideration of the President is an important discretionary power of the Governor. If a bill appears to be unconstitutional, affects the powers of the High Court, or involves matters of national importance, the Governor may reserve it for the President\u2019s consideration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In some cases, Governors are also assigned the additional responsibility of serving as the administrator of a <strong>Union Territory<\/strong>. For example, the Governor of Punjab has often been appointed as the Administrator of Chandigarh. In such situations, the Governor performs a discretionary role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The appointment of the <strong>Chief Minister<\/strong> can also become a discretionary function, especially when no political party secures a clear majority in the Legislative Assembly. In such cases, the Governor appoints the leader who is most likely to command the confidence of the House. If the government loses majority support, the Governor may ask the Chief Minister to resign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the event of failure of constitutional machinery in a state, the Governor can send a report to the President. This provision is related to <strong>Article 356<\/strong>, under which <strong>President\u2019s Rule<\/strong> can be imposed. This is also considered an important discretionary power of the Governor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement (c) is incorrect because the <strong>Fourth Schedule<\/strong> of the Constitution relates to the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha among states and Union Territories. It is not related to the discretionary powers of the Governor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5.<\/strong><br><strong>Article 78<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution deals with the duties of the Prime Minister. According to this Article, it is the duty of the Prime Minister to keep the President informed about all decisions of the Council of Ministers, administrative affairs, and legislative proposals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India follows a <strong>parliamentary system of government<\/strong>, in which the President is the constitutional head, while the real executive authority rests with the Council of Ministers. As the head of the Council of Ministers, the Prime Minister acts as the principal link between the President and the Council of Ministers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The major duties of the Prime Minister under Article 78 include:<br>\u2022 Communicating all decisions of the Council of Ministers to the President.<br>\u2022 Providing information sought by the President.<br>\u2022 Placing before the Council of Ministers any matter decided by an individual minister but not yet considered by the Council.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article 74<\/strong> deals with the advice of the Council of Ministers to the President.<br><strong>Article 75<\/strong> relates to the appointment, tenure, and collective responsibility of ministers.<br><strong>Article 81<\/strong> provides provisions regarding the composition and representation of the Lok Sabha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6.<\/strong><br>India is extremely rich in natural resources, and vast reserves of <strong>iron ore<\/strong> are found in different parts of the country. Iron ore is considered the foundation of the modern industrial economy because it is used in the production of <strong>steel<\/strong>. The steel industry is regarded as an indicator of industrial development in any country. In India, iron ore mainly occurs in the form of <strong>hematite<\/strong> and <strong>magnetite<\/strong>, among which hematite is the most important.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The major iron ore regions of India are mainly located in <strong>Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Goa<\/strong>. The development of these regions is closely linked with industrial centres, railway networks, and steel plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Iron Ore Region<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Related State<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Major Feature<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Gua and Noamundi<\/td><td>Jharkhand<\/td><td>High-quality hematite ore<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bailadila<\/td><td>Chhattisgarh<\/td><td>Major iron ore exporting region of India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bellary-Chitradurga<\/td><td>Karnataka<\/td><td>Major iron ore region of South India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ratnagiri<\/td><td>Maharashtra<\/td><td>Mineral-rich region of the Konkan coast<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gua and Noamundi are famous iron ore regions located in the <strong>West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand<\/strong>. This region forms part of the <strong>Chotanagpur Plateau<\/strong>, which is considered one of the most important mineral belts of India. High-quality hematite ore is found here, and much of it is used in the <strong>Tata Steel Plant at Jamshedpur<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Bailadila<\/strong> iron ore region is located in the <strong>Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh<\/strong>. It is globally famous for its excellent quality iron ore. The mines in this region have mainly been developed by the <strong>National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC)<\/strong>. Iron ore from Bailadila is exported to countries such as <strong>Japan<\/strong> and <strong>South Korea<\/strong>. The region lies in the <strong>Bastar area<\/strong> and is one of India\u2019s major mineral projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Bellary-Chitradurga<\/strong> region in Karnataka is regarded as one of the major iron ore producing regions of South India. Karnataka is among the leading iron ore producing states of India. The Bellary region is well known for iron ore mining and the steel industry. The ore extracted here is used in industries including the <strong>Bhadravati Steel Plant<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ratnagiri<\/strong>, located in the <strong>Konkan region of Maharashtra<\/strong>, is also known for iron ore production. Besides mineral resources, the region is important for its ports and maritime trade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major iron and steel plants of India such as <strong>Bhilai<\/strong>, <strong>Bokaro<\/strong>, <strong>Rourkela<\/strong>, <strong>Durgapur<\/strong>, and <strong>Jamshedpur<\/strong> were established near iron ore producing regions to reduce transportation costs and ensure continuous supply of raw materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The iron ore industry plays a vital role in India\u2019s economy, export trade, employment generation, and infrastructure development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.<\/strong><br>Wheat is one of the major <strong>Rabi crops<\/strong> of India and is considered the second most important food crop after rice. India is among the largest wheat-producing countries in the world. Wheat occupies a very important place in the Indian agricultural economy because it serves as a staple food for millions of people and is directly linked with food security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wheat cultivation in India is mainly concentrated in <strong>Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Bihar<\/strong>. Punjab and Haryana are often referred to as the <strong>\u201cWheat Bowl of India.\u201d<\/strong> After the <strong>Green Revolution<\/strong>, wheat production increased tremendously, helping India achieve self-sufficiency in food grain production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Statement<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Status<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Explanation<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>I<\/td><td>Incorrect<\/td><td>Rice, not wheat, is the main food crop of eastern India.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>II<\/td><td>Incorrect<\/td><td>Wheat requires cool weather during growth and dry sunny weather during ripening.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>III<\/td><td>Correct<\/td><td>Annual rainfall of 50\u201375 cm is considered suitable for wheat cultivation.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The first statement is incorrect because eastern India \u2014 including <strong>West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, and humid regions of Bihar<\/strong> \u2014 receives high rainfall, making rice cultivation more suitable. Rice is the principal food crop of eastern India, whereas wheat is mainly grown in northwestern and semi-arid regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second statement is also incorrect. Wheat requires a <strong>cool and moist climate<\/strong> during sowing and early growth stages. A temperature of about <strong>10\u00b0C to 15\u00b0C<\/strong> is considered suitable for germination and initial growth. During ripening, however, bright sunshine and dry weather are essential. Excess rainfall or humidity at the time of ripening may lead to crop diseases and reduce grain quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The third statement is correct. Wheat cultivation generally requires about <strong>50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall<\/strong>. In areas with lower rainfall, irrigation facilities are used. Canal irrigation, tube wells, and groundwater development have played a significant role in increasing wheat production in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Green Revolution<\/strong> in India began during the <strong>1960s<\/strong>. The introduction of <strong>High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds<\/strong>, chemical fertilizers, irrigation facilities, and agricultural machinery led to an unprecedented rise in wheat production. <strong>Dr. M.S. Swaminathan<\/strong> is regarded as the <strong>Father of the Green Revolution in India<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, India is also emerging as a major exporter of wheat, and wheat production remains extremely important for India\u2019s food security, Public Distribution System (PDS), and national economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Brahmaputra River<\/strong> is one of the major Himalayan rivers of India. In terms of water volume and drainage area, it is among the most significant rivers of the country. The Brahmaputra does not originate in India; rather, its source is considered to be near the <strong>Angsi Glacier<\/strong> in Tibet. In Tibet, it is known as the <strong>Yarlung Tsangpo<\/strong>. Therefore, the statement that it originates in Arunachal Pradesh is incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Flowing eastward across Tibet, the river reaches the eastern end of the Himalayas near the <strong>Namcha Barwa peak<\/strong>, where it suddenly takes a sharp southward turn. This bend is famous as a <strong>U-shaped turn (Hairpin Bend)<\/strong> and forms one of the deepest gorges in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After entering India, the river is known as the <strong>Siang<\/strong> or <strong>Dihang<\/strong> in Arunachal Pradesh. Further downstream, the <strong>Dibang<\/strong> and <strong>Lohit<\/strong> rivers join it, after which it is called the Brahmaputra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total length of the Brahmaputra River is approximately <strong>2900 km<\/strong>, while the <strong>Indus River<\/strong> is about <strong>2880 km<\/strong> long. Thus, the Brahmaputra is slightly longer than the Indus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the Assam Valley, the river forms extensive alluvial plains and numerous river islands. The <strong>Majuli Island<\/strong>, the world\u2019s largest river island, is situated in the Brahmaputra. After entering Bangladesh, the river is known as the <strong>Jamuna<\/strong> and eventually joins the <strong>Ganga (Padma)<\/strong> and <strong>Meghna<\/strong> rivers before draining into the <strong>Bay of Bengal<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Brahmaputra River is extremely important for transportation, agriculture, irrigation, hydroelectric power, and ecology. However, it is also known for causing devastating floods in Assam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9.<\/strong><br>India mainly experiences a <strong>monsoon climate<\/strong>, due to which the distribution of rainfall is highly uneven. Some regions receive excessive rainfall, while others frequently face drought conditions because of inadequate precipitation. Drought severely affects agriculture, water resources, livestock, and the rural economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Drought Category<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Related Region<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Major Feature<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Extremely drought-prone<\/td><td>Western region of the Aravalli Hills<\/td><td>Low rainfall and desert climate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Severely drought-prone<\/td><td>Eastern Maharashtra<\/td><td>Irregular monsoon and rainfall deficiency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Moderately drought-prone<\/td><td>Coimbatore Plateau<\/td><td>Rain-shadow region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought-free<\/td><td>Western Coastal Region<\/td><td>Heavy monsoonal rainfall<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The western region of the <strong>Aravalli Hills<\/strong>, especially the <strong>Thar Desert<\/strong> region of Rajasthan, is considered the most drought-prone area of India. Rainfall here is extremely low and highly uncertain. The hot and dry climate frequently leads to drought conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eastern Maharashtra, especially the <strong>Vidarbha<\/strong> and <strong>Marathwada<\/strong> regions, falls under severely drought-prone areas. Irregular monsoons, overexploitation of groundwater, and inadequate irrigation facilities often create agricultural distress in these regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Coimbatore Plateau<\/strong> in Tamil Nadu lies in a <strong>rain-shadow region<\/strong>. Rainfall here is relatively low, though conditions are not extremely severe, and therefore it is categorized as moderately drought-prone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Western Coastal Region<\/strong>, including Kerala, Karnataka, and areas along the Western Ghats, receives heavy rainfall from the <strong>South-West Monsoon<\/strong>. Hence, these areas are generally considered drought-free.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To manage drought conditions, India has implemented programmes such as the <strong>Drought Management Programme<\/strong>, <strong>Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana<\/strong>, <strong>Jal Shakti Abhiyan<\/strong>, watershed development projects, and promotion of micro-irrigation techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC)<\/strong> is an autonomous organization responsible for monitoring and controlling environmental pollution in the National Capital Territory of Delhi. It primarily deals with water pollution, air pollution, industrial pollution, and waste management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If students want to obtain information about <strong>water quality<\/strong> and levels of water pollution in Delhi, they should visit the <strong>DPCC<\/strong>, as it is the main institution responsible for monitoring, analysis, and control of water pollution in Delhi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major functions of the DPCC include:<br>\u2022 Monitoring water and air quality in Delhi.<br>\u2022 Identifying sources of pollution.<br>\u2022 Implementing environmental standards for industries and institutions.<br>\u2022 Setting standards for sewage and industrial waste treatment.<br>\u2022 Conducting Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).<br>\u2022 Spreading public awareness regarding pollution control.<br>\u2022 Promoting research and development for environmental protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>About the other options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>ICER (Indian Council for Environmental Research)<\/strong> is not a major statutory pollution control body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>NWDA (National Water Development Agency)<\/strong> was established in <strong>1982<\/strong>. It works on water resource development, river-linking projects, surveys, and preparation of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs). Its primary objective is water resource development, not pollution control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board)<\/strong> is a central organization established under the <strong>Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974<\/strong>. It formulates pollution control policies and standards for the entire country, whereas implementation at the Delhi level is mainly carried out by the DPCC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The DPCC functions under the Government of Delhi and plays an important role in maintaining environmental quality in the National Capital Region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>11.<\/strong><br>The concept of <strong>Judicial Activism<\/strong> in India developed especially during the <strong>1970s and 1980s<\/strong>. Judicial activism means that the judiciary does not remain confined merely to a narrow interpretation of laws but actively works to protect the spirit of the Constitution, fundamental rights, and social justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The credit for establishing and promoting this concept in India mainly goes to <strong>Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer<\/strong> and <strong>Justice P.N. Bhagwati<\/strong>. Both judges made the Indian judiciary more sensitive towards the rights of the poor, labourers, prisoners, women, and weaker sections of society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Justice <strong>V.R. Krishna Iyer<\/strong> emphasized transforming justice into an instrument of social justice rather than limiting it to technical legal procedures. He delivered landmark judgments related to human rights, prisoners\u2019 rights, and labour rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Justice <strong>P.N. Bhagwati<\/strong> played a particularly important role in popularizing <strong>Public Interest Litigation (PIL)<\/strong>. Due to his efforts, the system evolved in which any individual or organization could approach the court in the interest of weaker sections of society. This made the judiciary more accessible to ordinary citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important cases associated with judicial activism in India include the <strong>Maneka Gandhi Case (1978)<\/strong>, <strong>Hussainara Khatoon Case<\/strong>, <strong>Vishakha Case (1997)<\/strong>, and the <strong>Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973)<\/strong>. In these cases, the Supreme Court gave a broad interpretation to <strong>Articles 14, 19, and 21<\/strong> of the Constitution and strengthened civil liberties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Justice <strong>Hidayatullah<\/strong> was a distinguished Chief Justice of India, but he is not considered among the principal pioneers of judicial activism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>12.<\/strong><br>India is one of the world\u2019s richest countries in terms of <strong>biodiversity<\/strong>. The country possesses diverse ecosystems such as the <strong>Himalayan region<\/strong>, <strong>Western Ghats<\/strong>, deserts, mangrove forests, tropical rainforests, and marine ecosystems. Biodiversity includes plants, animals, microorganisms, and their genetic resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure the conservation, sustainable use, and equitable sharing of benefits arising from biological resources, the <strong>Biological Diversity Act, 2002<\/strong> was enacted in India. This Act was introduced to implement the objectives of the <strong>Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 1992<\/strong> adopted by the United Nations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under this Act, the <strong>National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)<\/strong> was established, with its headquarters in <strong>Chennai<\/strong>. In addition, <strong>State Biodiversity Boards<\/strong> and <strong>Biodiversity Management Committees<\/strong> at the local level were also formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The purpose of this law is not only to conserve biological resources but also to protect the traditional knowledge of local communities and tribal groups. The Act also regulates the uncontrolled use of Indian biological resources by foreign companies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Forest Conservation Act, 1980<\/strong> mainly deals with forest conservation.<br>The <strong>Environment Protection Act, 1986<\/strong> was enacted for broader environmental protection.<br>The <strong>Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act, 1912<\/strong> was an old law from the British period, which was later replaced by modern legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India also implements several biodiversity conservation programmes such as <strong>National Parks<\/strong>, <strong>Wildlife Sanctuaries<\/strong>, <strong>Biosphere Reserves<\/strong>, <strong>Project Tiger<\/strong>, <strong>Project Elephant<\/strong>, and the <strong>Ramsar Wetland Conservation Programme<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>13.<\/strong><br>Presentation programs are software applications used for creating <strong>slide-based presentations<\/strong>. They are widely used in education, business, training, government presentations, and online meetings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Microsoft PowerPoint<\/strong> is the world\u2019s most popular presentation software. It is a part of the <strong>Microsoft Office Suite<\/strong> and allows users to create attractive presentations using text, images, audio, video, graphs, and animations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Impress<\/strong> is an open-source presentation software that is part of <strong>LibreOffice<\/strong>. It provides facilities for slide creation, animation, and multimedia presentations similar to PowerPoint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keynote<\/strong> is a presentation software developed by <strong>Apple Inc.<\/strong> It is mainly used on macOS and iOS devices and is known for its attractive design and graphical presentation features.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, <strong>KSpread<\/strong> is not a presentation software. It was a spreadsheet program that formed part of the <strong>KOffice Suite<\/strong>. It was used for data analysis, table creation, calculations, and statistical work. Later, it evolved into <strong>Calligra Sheets<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Computer application software is generally categorized into different types:<br>\u2022 <strong>Word Processing Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Word<br>\u2022 <strong>Spreadsheet Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Excel, KSpread<br>\u2022 <strong>Presentation Software<\/strong> \u2013 PowerPoint, Impress, Keynote<br>\u2022 <strong>Database Software<\/strong> \u2013 MS Access<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>14.<\/strong><br>Every year, <strong>23 August<\/strong> is celebrated in India as <strong>National Space Day<\/strong>. This day commemorates a historic achievement in India\u2019s space history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On <strong>23 August 2023<\/strong>, India\u2019s <strong>Chandrayaan-3 mission<\/strong> successfully landed near the <strong>south pole of the Moon<\/strong>. With this achievement, India became the <strong>first country in the world<\/strong> to successfully achieve a soft landing in the lunar south polar region. India also became the <strong>fourth country<\/strong> after the <strong>United States, Russia, and China<\/strong> to achieve a successful soft landing on the Moon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)<\/strong> conducted the Chandrayaan-3 mission. The mission mainly consisted of three components:<br>\u2022 <strong>Propulsion Module<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Vikram Lander<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Pragyan Rover<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Vikram Lander<\/strong> was named in honour of <strong>Dr. Vikram Sarabhai<\/strong>, who is regarded as the <strong>Father of the Indian Space Programme<\/strong>. The <strong>Pragyan Rover<\/strong> carried out chemical and mineralogical studies on the lunar surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To commemorate this historic achievement, the Government of India declared <strong>23 August<\/strong> as <strong>National Space Day<\/strong> in order to encourage interest among youth in science, technology, and space research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some major space missions of India include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Aryabhata (1975)<\/strong> \u2013 India\u2019s first satellite<br>\u2022 <strong>Chandrayaan-1 (2008)<\/strong> \u2013 Discovery of water molecules on the Moon<br>\u2022 <strong>Mangalyaan (2013)<\/strong> \u2013 India became the first country to reach Mars orbit in its first attempt<br>\u2022 <strong>Chandrayaan-3 (2023)<\/strong> \u2013 Successful landing near the lunar south pole<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India\u2019s space programme plays an extremely important role in communication, weather forecasting, disaster management, defence, agriculture, and education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>15.<\/strong><br>Prof. <strong>C. Ananthanarayanan Krishna<\/strong> was honoured with the <strong>Tata Transformation Prize\/Fellowship 2024<\/strong>. He received this recognition for his innovations and research related to <strong>healthcare, nutrition, sustainable energy, and low-cost RSV Vaccine (Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine)<\/strong> development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This award is given to encourage scientific research and socially impactful innovations. Prof. Ananthanarayanan\u2019s work has mainly focused on technologies that help deliver healthcare services to a larger population at low cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)<\/strong> is a virus that primarily causes respiratory infections among children and elderly people. In developing countries, the development of affordable vaccines is considered extremely important for public health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, India has emerged rapidly in the fields of <strong>biotechnology, vaccine research, and healthcare innovation<\/strong>. During the <strong>COVID-19 pandemic<\/strong>, India played a major role in vaccine production and global health cooperation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several institutions have significantly contributed to promoting achievements in science and technology in India, including:<br>\u2022 <strong>Department of Science and Technology (DST)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Department of Biotechnology (DBT)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To encourage scientific research in India, various national and international awards are presented from time to time with the objective of promoting innovation-driven development and sustainable technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>16.<\/strong><br>The famous Hindi novel <strong>\u201cMaila Anchal\u201d<\/strong> was written by <strong>Phanishwar Nath \u2018Renu\u2019<\/strong>. This novel is considered one of the most important and representative works of the <strong>regional (Aanchalik) tradition<\/strong> in Hindi literature. It was published in <strong>1954<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Phanishwar Nath Renu was born in the village of <strong>Aurahi Hingna<\/strong> in the <strong>Purnia district (now Araria district) of Bihar<\/strong>. Through his writings, he vividly portrayed rural life, folk culture, social inequality, political changes, and the struggles of common people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMaila Anchal\u201d is regarded as the first major regional novel in Hindi literature. The novel presents a realistic depiction of rural Bihar, post-independence social conditions, poverty, illiteracy, caste-related issues, and village politics. Its setting is mainly associated with the <strong>Mithila and Purnia regions of Bihar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Phanishwar Nath Renu was also associated with the <strong>Indian freedom movement<\/strong> and the <strong>democratic movement of Nepal<\/strong>. His literary style clearly reflects the influence of local dialects, folk songs, and rural culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some other important works of Renu include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Parti Parikatha<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Deerghatapa<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Julus<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Thumri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The other writers mentioned in the options are also important figures in Hindi literature:<br>\u2022 <strong>Ramdhari Singh Dinkar<\/strong> was famous as the <strong>\u201cRashtrakavi\u201d<\/strong> and his major works include <strong>Rashmirathi<\/strong> and <strong>Urvashi<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 <strong>Shivpujan Sahay<\/strong> was a renowned Hindi prose writer.<br>\u2022 <strong>Devaki Nandan Khatri<\/strong> is famous for the fantasy novel <strong>Chandrakanta<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>17.<\/strong><br>A <strong>Firewall<\/strong> is an important tool for computer network security. It is a hardware- or software-based security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic. Its primary function is to prevent <strong>unauthorized access<\/strong> and provide a security barrier between secure and insecure networks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The given statement says that a firewall works as a <strong>network filter<\/strong>. This means that it examines data packets and decides which traffic should be allowed and which should be blocked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conclusion I is not correct because a firewall is not installed only on a single computer. It can be implemented on personal computers, servers, network devices, or even at the level of an entire organizational network. Therefore, the statement that a firewall \u201cis placed on one computer\u201d cannot be conclusively inferred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Conclusion II is correct. A firewall plays an important role in protecting systems from harmful programs, viruses, malware, and especially network-based <strong>worms<\/strong>. By blocking suspicious traffic, it helps maintain network security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apart from firewalls, other important cybersecurity measures include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Antivirus Software<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Encryption<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Authentication Systems<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, firewalls are widely used in sectors such as banking, e-governance, e-commerce, defence, and cloud computing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>18.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary<\/strong> is located in the state of <strong>Jharkhand<\/strong>, India. It is the only bird sanctuary in the state and was recently designated as a <strong>Ramsar Site<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Udhwa Lake is situated in the <strong>Sahibganj district<\/strong> and mainly consists of two lakes:<br>\u2022 <strong>Pataura Lake<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Brahma Jamalpur Lake<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This area serves as an important habitat for migratory birds. During the winter season, a large number of migratory birds arrive here from <strong>Siberia<\/strong>, <strong>Central Asia<\/strong>, and other regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>Ramsar Site<\/strong> refers to a wetland recognized as a wetland of international importance under the <strong>Ramsar Convention, 1971<\/strong>, which was held in the city of <strong>Ramsar in Iran<\/strong>. India is a member country of this convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wetlands in India are extremely important for biodiversity conservation, groundwater recharge, flood control, and maintaining ecological balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important geographical and environmental features of Jharkhand include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Betla National Park<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Palamau Tiger Reserve<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Chotanagpur Plateau<\/strong><br>\u2022 Major mineral resources such as <strong>coal, iron ore, and mica<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, many new Ramsar Sites have been recognized in India, which has strengthened wetland conservation efforts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19.<\/strong><br><strong>Mount Kinabalu<\/strong> is one of the famous mountain peaks of Southeast Asia and is the highest mountain peak in <strong>Malaysia<\/strong>. Its height is approximately <strong>4,095 meters<\/strong>. The mountain is located in the state of <strong>Sabah<\/strong> on the island of <strong>Borneo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Young Indian mountaineer <strong>Nitish Singh<\/strong> hoisting the Indian tricolour on this peak is considered a matter of pride for India. Such achievements play an important role in encouraging adventure sports and mountaineering among the youth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mount Kinabalu is situated within <strong>Kinabalu National Park<\/strong>, which has been designated as a <strong>UNESCO World Heritage Site<\/strong>. The region is famous for its rich biodiversity, rare plant species, and natural beauty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malaysia is an important country in Southeast Asia. Its capital is <strong>Kuala Lumpur<\/strong>, while <strong>Putrajaya<\/strong> serves as its administrative capital. Malaysia is divided into two major regions:<br>\u2022 <strong>Peninsular Malaysia<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>East Malaysia (Borneo Region)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some major mountain peaks of the world are:<br>\u2022 <strong>Mount Everest<\/strong> \u2014 Nepal<br>\u2022 <strong>K2 (Godwin Austen)<\/strong> \u2014 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir region<br>\u2022 <strong>Kangchenjunga<\/strong> \u2014 India-Nepal border<br>\u2022 <strong>Mount Kinabalu<\/strong> \u2014 Malaysia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, institutions such as the <strong>Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (Darjeeling)<\/strong> and the <strong>Nehru Institute of Mountaineering (Uttarkashi)<\/strong> play an important role in promoting mountaineering activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20.<\/strong><br>In the year <strong>2024<\/strong>, the <strong>Ministry of Culture, Government of India<\/strong>, along with <strong>India Post<\/strong>, released a special <strong>Commemorative Postage Stamp<\/strong> and <strong>Miniature Sheet<\/strong> on the occasion of the <strong>100th birth anniversary<\/strong> of legendary playback singer <strong>Mukesh Chand Mathur (Mukesh)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The event was organized on <strong>24 July 2024<\/strong> at the <strong>Rang Bhavan Auditorium of All India Radio, New Delhi<\/strong>. Union Minister for Culture and Tourism <strong>Gajendra Singh Shekhawat<\/strong> attended the program as the chief guest. On this occasion, Mukesh\u2019s son and noted singer <strong>Nitin Mukesh<\/strong> also paid a musical tribute while recalling his father\u2019s musical journey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mukesh was one of the most popular playback singers of Hindi cinema. He became especially famous as the voice of actor <strong>Raj Kapoor<\/strong>. His singing style was known for its emotional depth, pain, and melodious expression. During his musical career, he sang more than <strong>1,300 songs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of his famous songs include:<br>\u2022 \u201cKahin Door Jab Din Dhal Jaye\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201cDost Dost Na Raha\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201cJeena Yahan Marna Yahan\u201d<br>\u2022 \u201cSawan Ka Mahina\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>About the other options:<br>\u2022 A commemorative coin was announced in honour of <strong>Mohammed Rafi<\/strong> on the occasion of his 100th birth anniversary in 2024.<br>\u2022 <strong>Kishore Kumar<\/strong> was born in 1929, therefore 2024 marked his 95th birth anniversary.<br>\u2022 <strong>Mahendra Kapoor<\/strong> was a renowned Hindi film singer, but no such commemorative postage stamp was issued in his honour in 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>21.<\/strong><br><strong>Activated Charcoal<\/strong> is a special form of carbon mainly used in the treatment of <strong>poisoning<\/strong> and <strong>drug overdose<\/strong> cases. It has a highly porous surface, which enables it to adsorb toxic substances and prevent them from spreading inside the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In clinical settings, the most common method of administering activated charcoal is in the form of an <strong>oral suspension<\/strong>. It is mixed with water or another liquid and given to the patient for drinking. It binds toxic substances present in the stomach and intestines, thereby reducing their absorption into the bloodstream.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Activated Charcoal is especially useful in the following conditions:<br>\u2022 <strong>Drug overdose<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Consumption of toxic chemicals<\/strong><br>\u2022 Certain cases of <strong>food poisoning<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Emergency poison treatment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This treatment is considered most effective when administered within <strong>one hour<\/strong> of consuming the toxic substance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Activated Charcoal is not given through <strong>intravenous (IV)<\/strong> or <strong>subcutaneous injection<\/strong>, because its function is to adsorb toxins within the digestive system. Similarly, it is generally not used as a <strong>topical application<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important treatment methods used in toxicology include:<br>\u2022 <strong>Gastric Lavage<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Antidote Therapy<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Hemodialysis<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Supportive Care<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Activated Charcoal should only be used under medical supervision and controlled conditions because it is ineffective against certain chemicals and acidic substances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>22.<\/strong><br>This question is based on the properties of elements in the <strong>Periodic Table<\/strong>. It involves concepts related to <strong>electronegativity, atomic radius, semiconducting nature, and chemical bonding<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P. Most electronegative element \u2014 Fluorine (IV)<\/strong><br><strong>Fluorine<\/strong> is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. Electronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Fluorine has an electronegativity value of about <strong>4.0 on the Pauling Scale<\/strong>, which is the highest among all elements. Due to this property, fluorine is considered a highly reactive non-metal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q. Group-14 element having the smallest atomic radius \u2014 Carbon (III)<\/strong><br>The important elements of <strong>Group 14<\/strong> are:<br>\u2022 Carbon (C)<br>\u2022 Silicon (Si)<br>\u2022 Germanium (Ge)<br>\u2022 Tin (Sn)<br>\u2022 Lead (Pb)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atomic radius increases from top to bottom within a group because the number of electron shells increases. Since carbon is the topmost element in this group, it has the smallest atomic radius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>R. Group-13 element that is a semiconductor \u2014 Boron (II)<\/strong><br>Group-13 elements include boron, aluminium, gallium, etc. Among them, <strong>Boron<\/strong> is a <strong>metalloid<\/strong> and exhibits <strong>semiconducting properties<\/strong>. Semiconductors are widely used in electronic devices, transistors, diodes, and computer chips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S. Group-15 element that forms a triple bond \u2014 Nitrogen (I)<\/strong><br>Two atoms of nitrogen form a strong <strong>triple bond<\/strong> in the molecule <strong>N<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong>, represented as <strong>N<\/strong><strong>\u2261<\/strong><strong>N<\/strong>. This bond is extremely strong, due to which atmospheric nitrogen remains comparatively less reactive under normal conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is:<br>\u2022 <strong>P <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> IV (Fluorine)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Q <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> III (Carbon)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>R <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> II (Boron)<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>S <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> I (Nitrogen)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>23.<\/strong><br><strong>Chemical reactions<\/strong> are processes in which the chemical properties of reactants change to form new substances. Reactions are classified into different types based on their nature and products formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a. C(s) + O<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g)<\/strong><br>In this reaction, carbon and oxygen combine to form a single product, carbon dioxide. When two or more substances combine to form one new substance, the reaction is called a <strong>Combination Reaction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br><strong>a <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 4 (Combination Reaction)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b. CaCO<\/strong><strong>\u2083<\/strong><strong>(s) <\/strong><strong>\u27f6<\/strong><strong> CaO(s) + CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(g)<\/strong><br>In this reaction, calcium carbonate breaks down on heating to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. When one compound decomposes into two or more simpler substances, it is called a <strong>Decomposition Reaction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is an example of <strong>Thermal Decomposition<\/strong> because heat is used in the process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br><strong>b <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 3 (Decomposition Reaction)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c. Pb(s) + CuCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> PbCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) + Cu(s)<\/strong><br>In this reaction, the more reactive metal lead (Pb) displaces the less reactive metal copper (Cu) from its compound. Such a reaction is called a <strong>Displacement Reaction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the <strong>Reactivity Series<\/strong>, a more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from its salt solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br><strong>c <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 1 (Displacement Reaction)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>d. Na<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>SO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>(aq) + BaCl<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>(aq) <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> BaSO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>(s) + 2NaCl(aq)<\/strong><br>In this reaction, ions from two compounds exchange places and form a white precipitate of <strong>Barium Sulphate (BaSO<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong>. Such reactions are known as <strong>Double Displacement Reactions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is also an example of a <strong>Precipitation Reaction<\/strong> because an insoluble solid is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br><strong>d <\/strong><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 2 (Double Displacement Reaction)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>24.<\/strong><br>Electrolytic Refining is an important electrochemical process used for purifying metals. This method is mainly used for refining metals like copper, silver, gold, and zinc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the electrolytic refining of copper:<br>\u2022 Impure copper is used as the anode.<br>\u2022 A thin sheet of pure copper is used as the cathode.<br>\u2022 Acidified copper sulphate solution is used as the electrolyte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When electric current passes through the solution, impure copper from the anode dissolves into the solution as copper ions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu \u2192 Cu\u00b2\u207a + 2e\u207b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These copper ions move towards the cathode and get deposited there as pure copper:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu\u00b2\u207a + 2e\u207b \u2192 Cu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During this process:<br>\u2022 Insoluble impurities settle at the bottom as anode mud.<br>\u2022 Soluble impurities remain dissolved in the electrolyte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important precious metals such as:<br>\u2022 Gold<br>\u2022 Silver<br>\u2022 Platinum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>can also be recovered from the anode mud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, so it is widely used in:<br>\u2022 Electrical wires<br>\u2022 Motors<br>\u2022 Generators<br>\u2022 Electronic devices<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because industries require highly pure copper, electrolytic refining has great industrial importance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>25.<\/strong><br>The electronic configuration of an element shows the arrangement of electrons in different shells or energy levels of an atom. This distribution is explained on the basis of Bohr\u2019s atomic model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oxygen has atomic number 8, so it contains 8 electrons. Its electronic configuration is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2,6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore:<br>1 \u2192 b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neon has atomic number 10 and is a noble gas with a completely filled outer shell. Its configuration is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2,8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore:<br>2 \u2192 c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aluminium has atomic number 13. Its electronic configuration is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2,8,3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aluminium is a lightweight metal used in aircrafts, electrical wires, and household appliances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore:<br>3 \u2192 d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Phosphorus has atomic number 15. Its electronic configuration is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2,8,5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Phosphorus is important in DNA, fertilizers, and living cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore:<br>4 \u2192 a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is:<br>\u2022 1 \u2192 b<br>\u2022 2 \u2192 c<br>\u2022 3 \u2192 d<br>\u2022 4 \u2192 a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Electronic configuration helps determine:<br>\u2022 Chemical properties<br>\u2022 Valency<br>\u2022 Reactivity<br>\u2022 Position in the periodic table<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>26.<\/strong><br>In Physics, work, energy, and power are important concepts of mechanics. These concepts help in understanding motion, force, and energy transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Work is done when a force causes displacement in an object. The formula of work is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = F \u00d7 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where:<br>\u2022 F = Force<br>\u2022 s = Displacement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, Work matches with c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Potential Energy is the energy stored in an object because of its position or height. Its formula is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PE = mgh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where:<br>\u2022 m = mass<br>\u2022 g = acceleration due to gravity<br>\u2022 h = height<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, Potential Energy matches with d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kinetic Energy is the energy possessed by an object due to motion. Its formula is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KE = 1\/2 mv\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where:<br>\u2022 m = mass<br>\u2022 v = velocity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, Kinetic Energy matches with b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Power is the rate of doing work. Its formula is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P = W\/t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where:<br>\u2022 W = Work<br>\u2022 t = Time<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, Power matches with a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is:<br>\u2022 i \u2192 c<br>\u2022 ii \u2192 d<br>\u2022 iii \u2192 b<br>\u2022 iv \u2192 a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change from one form to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>27.<\/strong><br>In Physics, work done is calculated using the formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = mgh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>where:<br>\u2022 m = mass<br>\u2022 g = acceleration due to gravity<br>\u2022 h = height<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this question, both porters:<br>\u2022 Lift the same mass (15 kg)<br>\u2022 Raise it to the same height (2 m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, both perform equal work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the first porter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = 15 \u00d7 9.8 \u00d7 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the second porter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W = 15 \u00d7 9.8 \u00d7 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, both do equal work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, they take different times. The first porter takes 5 seconds, while the second porter takes 10 seconds. This affects power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The formula of power is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P = W\/t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the first porter completes the same work in less time, his power is greater. The second porter takes more time, so his power is less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br>\u2022 Work \u2014 Equal for both porters<br>\u2022 Power \u2014 Greater for the first porter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>28.<\/strong><br>This question is based on a well-known electric circuit from the Class 10 Science chapter <strong>\u201cElectricity.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the given circuit, the three resistors \u2014 <strong>20 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, 10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong>, and 5 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong> \u2014 are connected in <strong>parallel combination<\/strong>. In a parallel combination, the potential difference (voltage) across each resistor remains the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The battery in the circuit provides a voltage of <strong>6 V<\/strong>. Therefore, the potential difference across the <strong>10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong> resistor<\/strong> is also <strong>6 V<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to <strong>Ohm\u2019s Law<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V = IR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I = V\/R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here:<br>\u2022 V = 6 V<br>\u2022 R = 10 \u03a9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I = 6\/10 = 0.6 A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the current flowing through the <strong>10 <\/strong><strong>\u03a9<\/strong><strong> resistor<\/strong> is <strong>0.6 A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Main characteristics of parallel combination:<br>\u2022 The voltage across each branch remains the same.<br>\u2022 Total current gets divided among different branches.<br>\u2022 Equivalent resistance is less than the smallest resistor in the circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parallel combination is commonly used in household wiring so that all electrical appliances can work independently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>29.<\/strong><br>In Algebra, the <strong>Distributive Law<\/strong> is an important mathematical rule. It states that multiplication can be distributed over addition or subtraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a \u00d7 (b + c) = ab + ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, this rule does not apply to division. Therefore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a\/(b + c) \u2260 a\/b + a\/c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on this concept, the given statement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7a\/(2 + b) \u2260 7a\/2 + 7a\/b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This can also be verified numerically. Let:<br>a = 2 and b = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LHS = 7\u00d72\/(2 + 2)<br>= 14\/4<br>= 3.5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whereas,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RHS = 14\/2 + 14\/2<br>= 7 + 7<br>= 14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both values are not equal. Hence, Assertion (A) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R) is also true because the distributive law applies only to multiplication over addition or subtraction, not to division. Therefore, Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>30.<\/strong><br>First, let us verify Statement S\u2081.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8 = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Squaring both sides:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(tan\u03b8 + cot\u03b8)\u00b2 = 2\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 + 2tan\u03b8\u00b7cot\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u03b8 \u00d7 cot\u03b8 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 + 2 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the statement says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan\u00b2\u03b8 + cot\u00b2\u03b8 = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>which is incorrect. Hence, Statement S\u2081 is false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now consider Statement S\u2082.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cosec A = \u221a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cosec 45\u00b0 = \u221a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, A = 45\u00b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sin45\u00b0 = 1\/\u221a2<br>\u21d2 sin\u00b245\u00b0 = 1\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cos45\u00b0 = 1\/\u221a2<br>\u21d2 cos\u00b245\u00b0 = 1\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tan45\u00b0 = 1<br>\u21d2 tan\u00b245\u00b0 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cot45\u00b0 = 1<br>\u21d2 cot\u00b245\u00b0 = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting these values into the given expression:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2sin\u00b2A + 3cot\u00b2A)\/(4tan\u00b2A \u2212 2cos\u00b2A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= [2(1\/2) + 3(1)] \/ [4(1) \u2212 2(1\/2)]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1 + 3)\/(4 \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This matches the value given in the statement. Therefore, Statement S\u2082 is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus:<br>\u2022 Statement S\u2081 is false.<br>\u2022 Statement S\u2082 is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, the correct option is <strong>C<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>31.<\/strong><br>Total number of tickets = 40 \u2212 13 + 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 28<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Numbers greater than 18 and multiples of 6 are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24, 30, 36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Number of favourable outcomes = 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probability = Favourable outcomes \/ Total outcomes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 3\/28<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the correct answer is <strong>3\/28<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>32.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"51\" height=\"43\" src=\"\"><strong>&nbsp;, <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"48\" height=\"43\" src=\"\"><strong>, <\/strong>xy = 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>= 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x\u00b2 + y\u00b2 + xy<br>= (x + y)\u00b2 \u2212 2xy + xy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 6\u00b2 \u2212 2(1) + 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 36 \u2212 2 + 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>33.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>33.<\/strong><br>First term, a = 213<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Common difference, d = 205 \u2212 213<br>= \u22128<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Last term, an = 37<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Formula for the nth term of an Arithmetic Progression (AP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>an = a + (n \u2212 1)d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting the values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>37 = 213 + (n \u2212 1)(\u22128)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>37 \u2212 213 = \u22128(n \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2212176 = \u22128(n \u2212 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>n \u2212 1 = 22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>n = 23<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the total number of terms = <strong>23<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>34.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Fundamental Rights<\/strong> mentioned in <strong>Part III<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution are considered the foundation of Indian democracy. These rights aim to provide social, political, and legal equality to citizens. Articles <strong>14 to 18<\/strong> specifically deal with the <strong>Right to Equality<\/strong>, which plays a crucial role in establishing India as a democratic, secular, and egalitarian state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article 14<\/strong> guarantees <strong>\u201cEquality before Law\u201d<\/strong> and <strong>\u201cEqual Protection of Laws.\u201d<\/strong> It means that the State cannot act arbitrarily against any individual. This principle has been inspired by the British concept of <strong>Equality before Law<\/strong> and the American concept of <strong>Equal Protection of Laws<\/strong>. Therefore, Article 14 correctly matches with Statement II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article 15<\/strong> prohibits discrimination by the State on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. At the same time, it permits the State to make special provisions for women, children, and socially and educationally backward classes. This Article strengthens the idea of social justice. Hence, Article 15 correctly matches with Statement I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article 16<\/strong> provides equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and government appointments. It ensures equal access to public offices and also allows reservation for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and backward classes. Thus, it promotes both administrative equality and social representation. Therefore, Article 16 correctly matches with Statement IV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article 17<\/strong> abolishes untouchability and declares its practice in any form as a punishable offence. To implement this provision effectively, Parliament enacted the <strong>Untouchability (Offences) Act, 1955<\/strong>, later renamed as the <strong>Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1976<\/strong>. This Article is extremely important for ensuring social equality and human dignity. Hence, Article 17 correctly matches with Statement III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is:<br>\u2022 a \u2192 II<br>\u2022 b \u2192 I<br>\u2022 c \u2192 IV<br>\u2022 d \u2192 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Right to Equality in the Indian Constitution is not limited only to legal equality but also aims to eliminate social discrimination and establish a more just democratic order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>35.<\/strong><br>French political thinker <strong>Alexis de Tocqueville<\/strong> introduced the concept of <strong>\u201cTyranny of the Majority\u201d<\/strong> in the context of democracy. He explained this idea in detail in his famous work <strong>\u201cDemocracy in America\u201d (1835\u20131840)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tocqueville believed that in a democratic system, excessive concentration of power in the hands of the majority could lead to the suppression of minority rights and opinions. If the majority misuses its authority, it may threaten intellectual freedom and individual liberties. This situation was described by him as the <strong>\u201ctyranny of the majority.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Democracy is fundamentally based on popular sovereignty and representation, but modern democratic systems recognize that majority rule alone is not sufficient. Therefore, mechanisms such as a <strong>Constitution, Fundamental Rights, an Independent Judiciary, Federalism, and Rule of Law<\/strong> are established to safeguard the rights of minorities and weaker sections of society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Jean-Jacques Rousseau<\/strong> is known for the concept of the <strong>\u201cGeneral Will.\u201d<\/strong><br><strong>Mark Twain<\/strong> was an American writer and humorist.<br><strong>John Dunning<\/strong> was a British political figure, but the concept of \u201ctyranny of the majority\u201d is not associated with him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the Indian constitutional framework also, several provisions limit the unchecked power of the majority, such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Fundamental Rights<br>\u2022 Judicial Review<br>\u2022 Federal Structure<br>\u2022 Independent Election Commission<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These constitutional safeguards help maintain democratic balance and protect pluralism in society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>36.<\/strong><br><strong>Fran\u00e7ois Bernier<\/strong> was a French physician, political philosopher, and historian who stayed in India between <strong>1656 and 1668<\/strong> during the later years of <strong>Shah Jahan\u2019s reign<\/strong> and the Mughal War of Succession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Bernier had close relations with the Mughal prince <strong>Dara Shikoh<\/strong> and even served as his personal physician. Therefore, Statement I is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 During his nearly twelve-year stay in India, he travelled extensively across regions such as <strong>Delhi, Agra, Kashmir, Bengal, and Ahmedabad<\/strong>. He recorded his observations about Mughal administration, social conditions, economy, and political life in his famous work <strong>\u201cTravels in the Mughal Empire.\u201d<\/strong> Hence, Statement II is also correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Bernier dedicated his major writings primarily to <strong>King Louis XIV of France<\/strong>. After the death of Dara Shikoh, he remained associated with the Mughal court during the reign of <strong>Aurangzeb<\/strong>, and his accounts contain important references to Aurangzeb\u2019s policies and the Mughal administrative system. Therefore, Statement III is also considered correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <strong>NCERT Class 12 History<\/strong> under the chapter <strong>\u201cThrough the Eyes of Travellers\u201d (Themes in Indian History \u2013 Part II)<\/strong>, Bernier\u2019s writings are described as an important source for understanding Mughal India. His accounts provide valuable information regarding\u2014<br>\u2022 Land revenue system<br>\u2022 Royal court and nobility<br>\u2022 Social structure<br>\u2022 Trade and economy<br>\u2022 Mughal succession conflicts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bernier\u2019s writings are regarded as one of the most significant European accounts for studying seventeenth-century Mughal India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>37.<\/strong><br>During the late nineteenth century, modern newspapers and journals developed rapidly in India. By the <strong>1870s<\/strong>, caricatures and political cartoons had started appearing regularly in Indian newspapers and magazines. Therefore, Statement I is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartoons became an effective medium for commenting on society and politics. Through these illustrations, issues related to British rule, social evils, modern education, Western culture, and social changes in Indian society were highlighted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some cartoons praised educated Indians for adopting Western dress, language, and lifestyle as symbols of modernity. At the same time, several cartoons emphasized the need for social reforms, women\u2019s education, opposition to caste discrimination, and broader social transformation. Hence, Statement II is also correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During this period, many important socio-religious reform movements emerged in India, such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Brahmo Samaj<br>\u2022 Arya Samaj<br>\u2022 Prarthana Samaj<br>\u2022 Aligarh Movement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newspapers and journals played a crucial role in spreading the ideas of these reform movements among the people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In colonial India, the press contributed significantly to the growth of national consciousness, social reform, and political awareness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>38.<\/strong><br><strong>Sufism<\/strong> is regarded as the mystical tradition of Islam, whose primary aim was devotion to God, service to humanity, spiritual purity, and detachment from worldly desires. Sufi saints emphasized inner purity and spiritual experience rather than external rituals and formalities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The teachings of Sufism strongly promoted values such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Love<br>\u2022 Compassion<br>\u2022 Tolerance<br>\u2022 Service to humanity<br>\u2022 Brotherhood<br>\u2022 Renunciation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, \u201ccompassion towards companions\u201d is an important principle of Sufism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sufi saints generally stayed away from worldly luxury, political power, and material comforts. They valued simplicity, meditation, devotion to God, and self-discipline. Hence, \u201cdetachment from worldly affairs\u201d is also a key characteristic of Sufism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, \u201cdesire for greater power\u201d and \u201cluxurious lifestyle\u201d are considered contrary to Sufi ideals. Sufi saints preached freedom from materialism and political ambition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, the Sufi movement became especially popular during the <strong>Delhi Sultanate period<\/strong>. Major Sufi orders included\u2014<br>\u2022 Chishti Order<br>\u2022 Suhrawardi Order<br>\u2022 Qadiri Order<br>\u2022 Naqshbandi Order<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prominent Sufi saints of India included <strong>Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti, Nizamuddin Auliya, Baba Farid, and Sheikh Salim Chishti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Sufi movement played a major role in promoting religious tolerance, cultural synthesis, and social harmony in Indian society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>39.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Chalukya dynasty<\/strong> occupied an important place in the medieval history of South India. The Chalukyas ruled the Deccan region for a long period, and after the decline of the <strong>Western Chalukyas<\/strong>, several regional powers emerged in South India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The two major dynasties that rose to prominence after the decline of the Chalukyas were the <strong>Yadavas<\/strong> and the <strong>Kakatiyas<\/strong>. Therefore, the correct answer is \u201cYadavas and Kakatiyas.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Yadava dynasty<\/strong>, also known as the <strong>Seuna dynasty<\/strong>, had its capital at <strong>Devagiri<\/strong> (present-day Daulatabad in Maharashtra). The Yadavas established their influence in the Deccan region. One of the prominent rulers of this dynasty was <strong>Ramachandra<\/strong>. Later, Devagiri was invaded by <strong>Alauddin Khalji<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Kakatiya dynasty<\/strong> emerged in the present-day Telangana region, with its capital at <strong>Warangal<\/strong>. The Kakatiya rulers promoted administration, irrigation, and trade in South India. One of the most famous rulers of this dynasty was <strong>Rudramadevi<\/strong>, who is regarded as one of the prominent female rulers of medieval India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the same period, several other important dynasties were also active in South India, including\u2014<br>\u2022 Chola dynasty \u2014 Tamil region<br>\u2022 Pandya dynasty \u2014 Madurai region<br>\u2022 Hoysala dynasty \u2014 Karnataka region<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Chalukyas, Cholas, Pallavas, Pandyas, Yadavas, and Kakatiyas made significant contributions to South Indian art, architecture, temple construction, and regional culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40.<\/strong><br>During the Mughal period, trade and commerce in India were highly developed. Many cities emerged as important centers of internal as well as international trade. The Mughal rulers encouraged commerce through the development of roads, sarais, markets, and an organized administrative system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Agra<\/strong>, being one of the principal capitals of the Mughal Empire, was an important commercial and industrial center. It was famous for textiles, precious stones, metalwork, and handicrafts. European travelers such as <strong>Tavernier<\/strong> and <strong>Bernier<\/strong> also described the prosperity of Agra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Burhanpur<\/strong> served as a major commercial link between the Deccan and North India. It was particularly known for its cotton textile industry and cloth trade. Due to its location on important north-south trade routes, it held great economic significance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lahore<\/strong> was another major commercial city during the Mughal era. It acted as an important center of trade between Central Asia and India. Silk, horses, spices, and luxury goods were traded through this city. Lahore was also a major cultural and economic center under the Mughals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, <strong>Golconda<\/strong> was not one of the principal trade centers of the Mughal Empire. It belonged mainly to the <strong>Qutb Shahi dynasty<\/strong> of South India and was famous for its diamond mines. The famous <strong>Koh-i-Noor diamond<\/strong> is associated with the Golconda region. Although Golconda was economically prosperous, it was not considered one of the chief trading cities of the Mughal Empire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major trade items during the Mughal period included\u2014<br>\u2022 Cotton and silk textiles<br>\u2022 Spices<br>\u2022 Indigo<br>\u2022 Sugar<br>\u2022 Opium<br>\u2022 Precious stones<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>European trading companies such as the <strong>East India Company<\/strong>, the <strong>Dutch East India Company<\/strong>, and the <strong>French trading companies<\/strong> also began participating actively in Indian trade during this period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>41.<\/strong><br>Detailed references to irrigation systems are found in the <strong>Arthashastra<\/strong>, which is traditionally attributed to <strong>Kautilya (Chanakya\/Vishnugupta)<\/strong>, the Prime Minister and political advisor of <strong>Chandragupta Maurya<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Arthashastra is an important ancient Indian text on politics, economics, and administration. It contains detailed discussions on state administration, taxation, agriculture, irrigation, trade, justice, espionage, and military organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kautilya considered agriculture as the foundation of economic prosperity. He emphasized irrigation systems, canal construction, reservoirs, and dams. The Arthashastra states that it is the duty of the State to ensure adequate water supply for farmers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the Mauryan period, artificial irrigation systems were developed to increase agricultural production. The <strong>Sudarshana Lake<\/strong> is an important example, originally constructed during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya. It was later repaired and reconstructed by the Shaka ruler <strong>Rudradaman<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nitisara<\/strong> is a political text written by <strong>Kamandaka<\/strong>.<br><strong>Ashtadhyayi<\/strong> is the famous Sanskrit grammar text composed by <strong>Panini<\/strong>.<br><strong>Shad Darshanas<\/strong> refer to the six major schools of Indian philosophy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Arthashastra is regarded not only as a political treatise but also as an important source for understanding the economic and administrative structure of ancient India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>42.<\/strong><br>Most of the world\u2019s major deserts are located along the western margins of continents in the <strong>subtropical regions<\/strong>. This is an important principle of climatology. Examples include\u2014<br>\u2022 Sahara Desert \u2014 western part of Africa<br>\u2022 Atacama Desert \u2014 western coast of South America<br>\u2022 Kalahari Desert \u2014 southern Africa<br>\u2022 Australian Deserts \u2014 western Australia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The formation of these deserts is mainly influenced by subtropical high-pressure belts, dry trade winds, and cold ocean currents. Therefore, Assertion (A) is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reason (R) is also correct. Trade winds generally carry moisture from oceans and cause rainfall on the eastern coasts of continents. As these winds move inland, they gradually lose moisture. By the time they reach the western margins, they become relatively dry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, cold ocean currents flowing near western coasts stabilize the atmosphere and reduce the chances of rainfall. Examples include\u2014<br>\u2022 Peru Current \u2014 Atacama Desert<br>\u2022 Benguela Current \u2014 Namib Desert<br>\u2022 Canary Current \u2014 Sahara region<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major characteristics of desert climate include\u2014<br>\u2022 Very low rainfall<br>\u2022 Extreme difference between day and night temperatures<br>\u2022 Sparse vegetation<br>\u2022 Dry winds<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, the <strong>Thar Desert<\/strong> is located in western Rajasthan. Low rainfall, dry climate, and the position of the <strong>Aravalli Range<\/strong> contribute significantly to desertification in this region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>43.<\/strong><br>The naming of rural settlements in India reflects important geographical, historical, and social characteristics of a region. Words used in village names often indicate the size, location, settlement history, or social structure of the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The term <strong>\u201cKalan\u201d<\/strong> is used for a larger village or settlement. It is generally added at the end of a village name. When two villages have the same name, the larger one is identified with \u201cKalan\u201d and the smaller one with \u201cKhurd.\u201d Therefore, \u201cKalan\u201d correctly matches with Statement II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The word <strong>\u201cKhurd\u201d<\/strong> is derived from Persian and means \u201csmall.\u201d It is used to denote a smaller settlement or village. Hence, \u201cKhurd\u201d correctly matches with Statement III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The term <strong>\u201cPura\u201d<\/strong> generally refers to a place where an older settlement or habitation once existed. It indicates an earlier settlement site. Therefore, \u201cPura\u201d correctly matches with Statement I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The word <strong>\u201cKheda\u201d<\/strong> is used for small colonies, hamlets, or elevated village land. It is commonly found in rural settlement names in states such as Rajasthan, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh. Hence, \u201cKheda\u201d correctly matches with Statement IV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is\u2014<br>\u2022 a \u2192 I<br>\u2022 b \u2192 II<br>\u2022 c \u2192 III<br>\u2022 d \u2192 IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study of rural settlements forms an important part of Human Geography. It provides valuable information about\u2014<br>\u2022 Settlement patterns<br>\u2022 Social structure<br>\u2022 Historical development<br>\u2022 Agriculture and resource utilization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: The correct matching is a-I, b-II, c-III, d-IV, but this combination was not available in the original question options. This option has been added by Examdhara as an error correction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>44.<\/strong><br>The book <strong>\u201cPoverty and Un-British Rule in India\u201d<\/strong> was written by <strong>Dadabhai Naoroji<\/strong>. It is considered one of the most important works in the history of Indian economic nationalism. In this book, Naoroji presented a detailed analysis of the economic exploitation of India under British rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dadabhai Naoroji is popularly known as the <strong>\u201cGrand Old Man of India.\u201d<\/strong> He was one of the founding leaders of the <strong>Indian National Congress<\/strong> and served as its president three times. He was also the first Indian elected to the British Parliament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this book, he propounded the famous <strong>\u201cDrain Theory.\u201d<\/strong> According to this theory, India\u2019s wealth and resources were continuously being transferred to Britain, leading to increasing poverty in India. He argued that\u2014<br>\u2022 Appointment of British officials to high administrative posts<br>\u2022 Drain of Indian revenues to Britain<br>\u2022 Heavy expenditure on army and administration<br>\u2022 Trade benefits favoring Britain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>were weakening the Indian economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dadabhai Naoroji\u2019s work provided an ideological foundation for the Indian national movement and strengthened criticism of British economic policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>R. C. Dutt<\/strong> also wrote important works on Indian economic history.<br><strong>Gopal Krishna Gokhale<\/strong> was a moderate leader and social reformer.<br><strong>Chittaranjan Das<\/strong> was a famous freedom fighter and founder of the Swaraj Party.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>45.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Siachen Glacier<\/strong> is regarded as the world\u2019s highest battlefield. It is located in the <strong>Karakoram Range<\/strong>. The glacier lies in the northern part of the Union Territory of <strong>Ladakh<\/strong> in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Siachen Glacier is approximately <strong>76 kilometers long<\/strong> and is among the world\u2019s longest non-polar glaciers. It holds immense strategic importance because it is situated near the sensitive border regions of India, Pakistan, and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India established strategic control over the Siachen region through <strong>Operation Meghdoot<\/strong> in <strong>1984<\/strong>. Since then, the Indian Army has remained deployed in extremely harsh climatic conditions in this area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major features of the Karakoram Range include\u2014<br>\u2022 Presence of some of the world\u2019s highest peaks<br>\u2022 <strong>K2 (Godwin Austen)<\/strong>, the world\u2019s second-highest mountain peak, is located in this range<br>\u2022 The region is famous for its large number of glaciers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Pir Panjal<\/strong> and <strong>Zanskar<\/strong> are other Himalayan ranges, while the <strong>Dhauladhar Range<\/strong> is located mainly in Himachal Pradesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Siachen region is known for extreme altitude, snowstorms, and temperatures far below freezing point. Soldiers stationed there face severe natural challenges in addition to military responsibilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>46.<\/strong><br>In the Indian Armed Forces, the Army, Navy, and Air Force use different rank titles, but equivalent ranks are officially designated. The rank equivalent to <strong>Major General<\/strong> in the Indian Army is <strong>Rear Admiral<\/strong> in the Indian Navy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>Rear Admiral<\/strong> is a <strong>two-star rank<\/strong> and belongs to the category of senior naval officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The equivalent ranks in the three armed forces are as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Army<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Navy<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Air Force<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Major General<\/td><td>Rear Admiral<\/td><td>Air Vice Marshal<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>President of India<\/strong> is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The headquarters of the <strong>Indian Navy<\/strong> is located in <strong>New Delhi<\/strong>, and it is headed by the <strong>Chief of Naval Staff (CNS)<\/strong>. The motto of the Indian Navy is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cSham No Varunah\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indian Navy plays a vital role in safeguarding India\u2019s maritime security, protecting trade routes in the Indian Ocean Region, and securing the country\u2019s strategic interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>47.<\/strong><br>The <strong>Lota Rebellion<\/strong> was an important protest movement carried out by prisoners in the <strong>Muzaffarpur Jail<\/strong> of Bihar. It is regarded as a symbol of resistance against the oppressive rules of British colonial administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main cause of the rebellion was the jail administration\u2019s decision to replace the prisoners\u2019 <strong>brass lotas (water vessels)<\/strong> with <strong>earthen pots<\/strong>. The prisoners considered this a violation of their religious, social, and personal rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At that time, brass vessels were not merely utility items but were closely associated with the prisoners\u2019 daily lifestyle and social customs. The decision to introduce earthen utensils created deep resentment among the inmates, leading to protests and rebellion inside the jail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some historical sources trace the early background of the rebellion to late <strong>1855<\/strong>, but in most Bihar-related competitive examinations and standard study materials, the year <strong>1856<\/strong> is accepted as the main year of the rebellion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Lota Rebellion is considered an important example of growing anti-British sentiment in Bihar just before the Revolt of 1857. During this period, dissatisfaction against British policies was rapidly increasing across Bihar and northern India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major causes behind the Revolt of 1857 included\u2014<br>\u2022 Repressive British policies<br>\u2022 Discontent among soldiers<br>\u2022 Fear of religious interference<br>\u2022 Economic exploitation<br>\u2022 Social unrest<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: A research paper titled <strong>\u201cModern Bihar: A Historical Study\u201d<\/strong> written by Dr. Shyam Murti Bharti, Department of History, Ram Narayan College, Pandaul, Madhubani (Bihar), published in the <em>International Journal of History (2022)<\/em>, also mentions <strong>1856<\/strong> as the year of the Muzaffarpur Lota Rebellion. Therefore, most Bihar-related competitive examinations and authentic reference materials accept <strong>1856<\/strong> as the correct answer. Some sources mention its early background in <strong>1855<\/strong>, but the rebellion is mainly associated with <strong>1856<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>48.<\/strong><br>Airbnb is a global online platform through which people rent out their homes, rooms, or other accommodations to travelers. It was founded in <strong>2008<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The founders of Airbnb are\u2014<br>\u2022 <strong>Brian Chesky<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Joe Gebbia<\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Nathan Blecharczyk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, <strong>Amanpreet Singh Bajaj<\/strong> is not a founder of Airbnb. He has worked in corporate leadership roles associated with Airbnb in India, but he was not a co-founder of the company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Airbnb was started in <strong>San Francisco, USA<\/strong>. Initially, the founders offered travelers accommodation by placing air mattresses in their apartment. This led to the name <strong>\u201cAir Bed and Breakfast,\u201d<\/strong> which was later shortened to <strong>\u201cAirbnb.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, Airbnb operates in many countries around the world and has become an important digital platform in the tourism and hospitality industry. It is considered a major example of the <strong>sharing economy<\/strong>, where individuals share their personal property or services through digital platforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>49.<\/strong><br><strong>Itanagar<\/strong> is the capital of the northeastern Indian state of <strong>Arunachal Pradesh<\/strong>. The state is located in the northeastern part of India and is the largest state in Northeast India in terms of area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arunachal Pradesh shares its borders with\u2014<br>\u2022 China (Tibet) in the north<br>\u2022 Myanmar in the east<br>\u2022 Bhutan in the west<br>\u2022 Assam and Nagaland in the south<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The name <strong>Itanagar<\/strong> is derived from the historic <strong>Ita Fort<\/strong>. The word \u201cIta\u201d means \u201cbrick.\u201d The fort is considered an important historical site of the medieval period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arunachal Pradesh is famous for its tribal culture, biodiversity, mountainous landscape, and Buddhist monasteries. Major tribes of the state include\u2014<br>\u2022 Nyishi<br>\u2022 Adi<br>\u2022 Apatani<br>\u2022 Mishmi<br>\u2022 Monpa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major rivers of the state are\u2014<br>\u2022 Siang<br>\u2022 Subansiri<br>\u2022 Lohit<br>\u2022 Dibang<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These rivers later become part of the <strong>Brahmaputra River System<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The capitals of the other options are\u2014<br>\u2022 Meghalaya \u2014 Shillong<br>\u2022 Manipur \u2014 Imphal<br>\u2022 Mizoram \u2014 Aizawl<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>50.<\/strong><br>Between <strong>2011 and 2024<\/strong>, <strong>Bihar<\/strong> recorded the <strong>third-highest growth<\/strong> in the transport and communication sector. This growth was made possible due to the expansion of roads, railways, telecommunications, internet connectivity, and digital services in the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, Bihar has witnessed rapid development in\u2014<br>\u2022 Expansion of national highways<br>\u2022 Construction of rural roads<br>\u2022 Bridge and flyover projects<br>\u2022 Growth of mobile and internet services<br>\u2022 Digital governance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The transport and communication sector is considered an important indicator of a state\u2019s economic development because it\u2014<br>\u2022 Promotes trade and industry<br>\u2022 Increases employment opportunities<br>\u2022 Improves connectivity in rural areas<br>\u2022 Expands education and healthcare services<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schemes such as the <strong>Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana<\/strong>, the <strong>Digital India Programme<\/strong>, and various railway and road infrastructure projects have contributed significantly to the growth of this sector in Bihar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The importance of the transport and communication sector in Bihar\u2019s economy has been increasing continuously, especially due to the expansion of e-commerce, mobile banking, and online services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>51.<\/strong><br>A <strong>DBMS (Database Management System)<\/strong> is software used to <strong>store, organize, manage, and retrieve data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oracle<\/strong>, <strong>MySQL<\/strong>, and <strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong> are all popular DBMS software systems. They are widely used in websites, banking systems, government institutions, and business organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, <strong>Microsoft Excel<\/strong> is a <strong>spreadsheet program<\/strong>, not a DBMS. It is mainly used for\u2014<br>\u2022 Creating data tables<br>\u2022 Performing calculations<br>\u2022 Preparing charts<br>\u2022 Statistical analysis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although data can be stored in Excel, it does not provide advanced DBMS features such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Relational database management<br>\u2022 SQL support<br>\u2022 Multi-user control<br>\u2022 Transaction management<br>\u2022 Data security and normalization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oracle DBMS<\/strong> is mainly used in large enterprises.<br><strong>MySQL<\/strong> is highly popular for web applications and websites.<br><strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong> is an open-source relational DBMS known for its advanced SQL features.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>52.<\/strong><br><strong>World Health Day<\/strong> is celebrated every year on <strong>7 April<\/strong>. The purpose of this day is to spread awareness about health issues, disease prevention, hygiene, and better healthcare services across the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This day is observed to mark the establishment of the <strong>World Health Organization (WHO)<\/strong>. WHO was founded on <strong>7 April 1948<\/strong>. It is a specialized agency of the <strong>United Nations (UN)<\/strong>, headquartered in <strong>Geneva, Switzerland<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major functions of WHO include\u2014<br>\u2022 Formulating global health policies<br>\u2022 Controlling epidemics and pandemics<br>\u2022 Promoting vaccination programs<br>\u2022 Improving maternal and child health<br>\u2022 Creating awareness about nutrition and sanitation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Every year, a special theme is selected for World Health Day. These themes focus on current global health challenges such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Mental health<br>\u2022 Universal healthcare<br>\u2022 Climate change and health<br>\u2022 Control of infectious diseases<br>\u2022 Health equity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, several important schemes have been launched to strengthen the healthcare sector, such as\u2014<br>\u2022 Ayushman Bharat Scheme<br>\u2022 National Health Mission (NHM)<br>\u2022 Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana<br>\u2022 Mission Indradhanush<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO played a major role in global health coordination and vaccination awareness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>53.<\/strong><br>The novel <strong>\u201cUntouchable\u201d<\/strong> was written by Mulk Raj Anand. It was published in <strong>1935<\/strong> and is considered one of the earliest and most important works of Indian English literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The novel presents a realistic picture of <strong>untouchability, caste discrimination, and social inequality<\/strong> in Indian society. The main character of the story is <strong>Bakha<\/strong>, who belongs to a sweeper community. The author sensitively portrays his daily life, humiliation, and experiences of discrimination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mulk Raj Anand was one of the leading novelists of Indian English literature. His writings mainly focused on the problems of poor, laborers, and marginalized sections of society. His other famous works include\u2014<br>\u2022 Coolie<br>\u2022 Two Leaves and a Bud<br>\u2022 The Big Heart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His literary style was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi and various social reform movements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other writers mentioned in the options are also important literary figures\u2014<br>\u2022 Ismat Chughtai was a famous Urdu writer known for Lihaaf.<br>\u2022 R. K. Narayan is famous for Malgudi Days and The Guide.<br>\u2022 Kamala Das was a noted writer and poet in English and Malayalam literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>54.<\/strong><br>Given\u2014<br>\u2022 M = P + 2<br>\u2022 L = O + 2<br>\u2022 O = (L + N)\/2<br>\u2022 P = (L + M)\/2<br>\u2022 L = (P + O)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L = O + 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let O = x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then,<br>L = x + 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<br>L = (P + O)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x + 2 = (P + x)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2x + 4 = P + x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P = x + 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<br>M = P + 2<br>= x + 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using\u2014<br>O = (L + N)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x = (x + 2 + N)\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2x = x + 2 + N<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N = x \u2212 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the ages are\u2014<br>\u2022 N = x \u2212 2<br>\u2022 O = x<br>\u2022 L = x + 2<br>\u2022 P = x + 4<br>\u2022 M = x + 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clearly, N is the youngest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Age order\u2014<br>N &lt; O &lt; L &lt; P &lt; M<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>55.<\/strong><br>3a, 2b, 7c = good and tasty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7c, 9a, 8b = see good pictures<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9a, 4d, 2b = pictures and faint<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The common word in the second and third statements is \u201cpictures,\u201d and the common code is \u201c9a.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 pictures = 9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The common word in the first and third statements is \u201cand,\u201d and the common code is \u201c2b.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 and = 2b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now in the first statement, the remaining codes are\u2014<br>3a, 7c = good, tasty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the second statement, the remaining codes are\u2014<br>7c, 8b = see, good<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The common code is \u201c7c,\u201d so\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 good = 7c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the remaining code \u201c8b\u201d means \u201csee.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 see = 8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>56.<\/strong><br>\u2022 M = division (\u00f7)<br>\u2022 N = addition (+)<br>\u2022 P = subtraction (\u2212)<br>\u2022 B = multiplication (\u00d7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now the expression\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13P13B36M9N17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>becomes\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 13 \u00d7 36 \u00f7 9 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using BODMAS rule\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 13 \u00d7 4 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 13 \u2212 52 + 17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u221222<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>57.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>In the four different positions of the given dice, we analyze the colors appearing adjacent to the <strong>yellow<\/strong> face.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 In Dice 1, yellow appears with <strong>orange<\/strong> and <strong>blue<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In Dice 3, yellow appears with <strong>blue<\/strong> and <strong>red<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 In Dice 4, yellow appears with <strong>red<\/strong> and <strong>pink<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the colors adjacent to yellow are\u2014<br>\u2022 Orange<br>\u2022 Blue<br>\u2022 Red<br>\u2022 Pink<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that in a cube (dice), each face has exactly <strong>four adjacent faces<\/strong> and only <strong>one opposite face<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the four adjacent colors to yellow have already been identified, the only remaining color is <strong>violet<\/strong>. Therefore, violet must be opposite to yellow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, the color opposite to the yellow face is <strong>Violet<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>58.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><strong>58.<\/strong><br>In the first position, the faces adjacent to 4 are 3 and 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the second position, the faces adjacent to 4 are 2 and 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the four faces adjacent to 4 are\u2014<br>\u2022 1<br>\u2022 2<br>\u2022 3<br>\u2022 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The only remaining number is 5, so 5 must be opposite to 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, if 5 is on the bottom face, then the opposite face, i.e. the top face, will be <strong>4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>59.<\/strong><br>For mirror image clock problems, the standard formula used to find the actual time is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Actual Time = 11:60 \u2212 Mirror Time<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given mirror time = 9:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11:60<br>\u2212 9:30<br>= 2:30<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the correct time is <strong>2:30<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In mirror-image clock questions, the time appears reversed in the mirror. Hence, subtraction from 11:60 is used to find the real time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>60.<\/strong><br>Observe the alphabetical positions\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E \u2192 M<br>K \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both letters move 8 positions forward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 E + 8 = M<br>\u2022 K + 8 = S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A + 8 = I<br>\u2022 G + 8 = O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AG : IO :: EK : MS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, the correct answer is <strong>IO<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>61.<\/strong><br>Given symbols\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 P + Q \u2192 P is the father of Q<br>\u2022 P \u2212 Q \u2192 P is the mother of Q<br>\u2022 P \u00d7 Q \u2192 P is the brother of Q<br>\u2022 P \u00f7 Q \u2192 P is the sister of Q<br>\u2022 P * Q \u2192 P is the son of Q<br>\u2022 P # Q \u2192 P is the daughter of Q<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Expression:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A + B \u00d7 C \u00f7 D * E # F<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>The flow of relationships is as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 E # F \u21d2 E is the daughter of F.<br>\u2022 D * E \u21d2 D is the son of E.<br>\u2022 C \u00f7 D \u21d2 C is the sister of D.<br>\u2022 B \u00d7 C \u21d2 B is the brother of C.<br>\u2022 A + B \u21d2 A is the father of B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, A will be the son-in-law of F.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>62.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i) P + Q means P is the father of Q.<br>(ii) P \u2212 Q means P is the mother of Q.<br>(iii) P \u00d7 Q means P is the brother of Q.<br>(iv) P \u00f7 Q means P is the sister of Q.<br>(v) P * Q means P is the son of Q.<br>(vi) P # Q means P is the daughter of Q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find the relation of F to A in the following expression\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A # B &#8211; C * D + E \u00f7 F<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>According to the given symbols\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A # B \u21d2 A is the daughter of B.<br>\u2022 B \u2212 C \u21d2 B is the mother of C.<br>\u2022 C * D \u21d2 C is the son of D.<br>\u2022 D + E \u21d2 D is the father of E.<br>\u2022 E \u00f7 F \u21d2 E is the sister of F.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E is the sister of F. This means F can be either the brother or sister of E.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, the gender of F is not clear because only E is confirmed as female. Therefore, F can be either a brother or a sister of A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>63.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Principal (P) = \u20b98000<br>Rate (R) = 10% per annum<br>Time (T) = 2 years<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2170. Compound Interest compounded annually<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Formula\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A = P(1 + R\/100)^T<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1 + 10\/100)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1.1)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000 \u00d7 1.21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u20b99680<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2171. Compound Interest compounded half-yearly<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For half-yearly compounding\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Rate = 10\/2 = 5%<br>\u2022 Time = 2 \u00d7 2 = 4 half-years<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A = 8000(1 + 5\/100)^4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000(1.05)^4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 8000 \u00d7 1.2155<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2248 \u20b99724.05<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>i. \u20b99680<br>ii. \u20b99724.05<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>64.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Outer diameter = 15 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 Outer radius = 15\/2 = 7.5 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thickness of sphere = 0.5 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21d2 Inner radius = 7.5 \u2212 0.5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 7 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Area available for the motorcyclist = Inner surface area of hollow sphere<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Surface area of sphere = 4\u03c0r\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4 \u00d7 (22\/7) \u00d7 (7)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4 \u00d7 (22\/7) \u00d7 49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 616 m\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>65.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When two dice are thrown together, total possible outcomes = 6 \u00d7 6 = 36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Favourable outcomes for sum 9 are\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 (3, 6)<br>\u2022 (4, 5)<br>\u2022 (5, 4)<br>\u2022 (6, 3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Number of favourable outcomes = 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Probability = Favourable outcomes \/ Total outcomes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 4\/36<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 1\/9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2234 Probability of getting sum 9 = 1\/9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>66.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know that\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a + b + c)^2 = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given expression\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now compare the square terms\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 4x\u00b2 = (\u22122x)^2<br>\u2022 9y\u00b2 = (3y)^2<br>\u2022 16z\u00b2 = (\u22124z)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now check the middle terms\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 2(\u22122x)(3y) = \u221212xy<br>\u2022 2(3y)(\u22124z) = \u221224yz<br>\u2022 2(\u22122x)(\u22124z) = +16xz<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All terms match the given expression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4x\u00b2 + 9y\u00b2 + 16z\u00b2 \u2212 12xy + 16xz \u2212 24yz<br>= (\u22122x + 3y \u2212 4z)^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, the correct option is <strong>A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>67.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of a cylinder = \u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of a cone = (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the radius and height of the cylinder and cone are equal, then\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of cylinder : Volume of cone<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0r\u00b2h : (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 3 : 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the volume of the cylinder is three times the volume of the cone. Therefore, Assertion (A) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now check Reason (R)\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of cylinder = \u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the radius is doubled, then new radius = 2r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And if the height is halved, then new height = h\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>New volume\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0(2r)\u00b2(h\/2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= \u03c0 \u00d7 4r\u00b2 \u00d7 h\/2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 2\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is twice the original volume. Therefore, Reason (R) is also true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But Reason (R) does not explain Assertion (A), because Assertion is based on the relation between the volumes of a cone and a cylinder, whereas Reason is related to changes in the radius and height of a cylinder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the correct option is <strong>B<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>68.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Famous political thinker Harold J. Laski considered equality as the basic foundation of democracy. According to Laski, equality does not mean only legal equality, but also ensuring equal opportunities and respect for all individuals in social, economic, and political life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Laski explained several important elements of equality\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Absence of special privileges: No class in society should enjoy special rights on the basis of birth, caste, religion, wealth, or status.<br>\u2022 Equal opportunities: Every individual should get sufficient opportunities for the development of his or her abilities.<br>\u2022 Access to social benefits: Education, health, employment, and other social facilities should be equally available to all citizens.<br>\u2022 Absence of exploitation: Economic and social exploitation must end for real equality to exist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Laski\u2019s idea of equality was based on positive equality. He did not consider legal equality alone sufficient, but also emphasized social justice and equality of economic opportunities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the Indian Constitution, the Right to Equality is described in Articles 14 to 18. It includes\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Equality before law<br>\u2022 Prohibition of discrimination<br>\u2022 Equality of opportunity in public employment<br>\u2022 Abolition of untouchability<br>\u2022 Abolition of titles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>69.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the early period of British rule, peasants, sanyasis, and tribal communities organized several revolts against oppressive land revenue policies, economic exploitation, and British atrocities. These revolts hold an important place in the history of the Indian freedom movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The chronological order of these movements is as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sanyasi Rebellion \u2014 began around 1763 AD<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rangpur Peasant Revolt \u2014 1783 AD<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pagal Panthi Rebellion \u2014 early decades of the nineteenth century, especially around 1825 AD<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Barasat Peasant Revolt \u2014 1831 AD<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct order is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 \u2192 3 \u2192 4 \u2192 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sanyasi Rebellion<\/strong><br>This revolt took place in Bengal. Due to the Bengal Famine of 1770 and harsh British tax policies, dissatisfaction spread among sanyasis and peasants. Sanyasis and fakirs opposed British authority in this movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rangpur Peasant Revolt<\/strong><br>This revolt occurred in the Rangpur region of present-day Bangladesh. Peasants protested against excessive tax collection by British officials and zamindars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pagal Panthi Rebellion<\/strong><br>This movement was led by Karam Shah and later by Tipu Shah. It was mainly a movement of poor peasants and tribal communities in the Bengal region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Barasat Peasant Revolt<\/strong><br>This revolt took place in the Barasat region of Bengal. It was led by Titumir (Syed Mir Nisar Ali). He organized peasants against the exploitation of zamindars and the British. Titumir also built the famous Bamboo Fort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>70.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The concept of Bodhisattva is mainly related to Mahayana Buddhism, not the Hinayana sect. Therefore, Statement I is incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Mahayana Buddhism, a Bodhisattva is a person who has adopted the path of enlightenment but does not attain nirvana only for personal liberation. Instead, he works for the welfare and liberation of all living beings. Therefore, the Bodhisattva is regarded as a symbol of compassion and kindness. Hence, Statement II is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement III is incorrect because a Bodhisattva postpones final nirvana for the salvation of others rather than seeking personal liberation. The concept of personal liberation is more closely associated with the Hinayana (Theravada) tradition, where the ideal of the \u201cArhat\u201d is emphasized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buddhism originated in the 6th century BCE. Its founder was Gautama Buddha, who was born in Lumbini. Buddha preached\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Four Noble Truths<br>\u2022 Eightfold Path<br>\u2022 Middle Path<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The major sects of Buddhism are\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Hinayana (Theravada)<br>\u2022 Mahayana<br>\u2022 Vajrayana<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Mahayana Buddhism, Buddha was regarded as divine, and idol worship along with the concept of Bodhisattva developed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>71.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During British rule in India, several important events related to the agricultural system, land revenue policies, and the condition of peasants took place. Understanding the correct chronology of these events is an important part of modern Indian history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Permanent Settlement in Bengal \u2014 1793<\/strong><br>This system was introduced by Lord Cornwallis. Under this arrangement, zamindars were recognized as permanent owners of land and a fixed revenue was imposed on them. Its objective was to ensure a stable income for the British government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Fifth Report of the Select Committee \u2014 1813<\/strong><br>This report was prepared by a Select Committee of the British Parliament. It provided a detailed account of the administration of the East India Company and the condition of agriculture and revenue administration in Bengal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Santhal Rebellion \u2014 1855\u201356<\/strong><br>This revolt took place in the present-day regions of Jharkhand and Bihar. The Santhal tribe revolted against the exploitation of moneylenders, zamindars, and British officials. Its major leaders were Sidho, Kanho, Chand, and Bhairav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Deccan Riots Commission \u2014 1875<\/strong><br>Peasants in the Deccan region of Maharashtra revolted against moneylenders and the oppressive debt system. To investigate the incident, the British government established the Deccan Riots Commission. Later, the Deccan Agriculturists Relief Act, 1879 was passed to improve the condition of peasants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct chronological order is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I \u2192 IV \u2192 III \u2192 II<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the correct option is <strong>D<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>72.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lord Cornwallis was an important administrator during British rule in India. He served as the Governor-General of Bengal from 1786 to 1793. He introduced administrative, judicial, and revenue reforms. The Permanent Settlement of 1793 introduced by him was an important change in the Indian agrarian system. Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a \u2192 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Augustus Cleveland was a British official who adopted the \u201cPolicy of Pacification\u201d in tribal areas, especially in the Rajmahal Hills. His objective was to bring the Paharia tribes under British administrative control. Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b \u2192 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Francis Buchanan was a physician, surveyor, and observer. He surveyed different regions of India and prepared detailed accounts related to agriculture, society, trade, and the life of the people. His writings are considered important sources for modern Indian history. Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c \u2192 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>David Ricardo was a famous British economist. He gave the Theory of Comparative Advantage and the Rent Theory in economics. His book <em>Principles of Political Economy and Taxation<\/em> (1817) is highly renowned. Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d \u2192 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 a \u2192 3<br>\u2022 b \u2192 4<br>\u2022 c \u2192 1<br>\u2022 d \u2192 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>73.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) was one of the ancient urban civilizations of the world. It extended across present-day Pakistan, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab. This civilization is famous for its advanced town planning, drainage system, trade activities, and handicraft industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The correct matching of the given Harappan sites with their features is as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Lothal<\/strong> \u2014 This site is located in present-day Gujarat and is considered an important port town of the Harappan Civilization. Evidence of a dockyard has been found here, indicating the development of maritime trade. Lothal was especially famous for the production and trade of Carnelian stone beads. Carnelian was a red semi-precious stone used for making ornaments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 1 \u2192 b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Kalibangan<\/strong> \u2014 This site is located in Hanumangarh district of Rajasthan. Important evidence of agriculture has been found here. Archaeologists discovered ploughed fields, which are considered among the oldest agricultural evidences in the world. This shows that the Harappans were familiar with advanced agricultural techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 2 \u2192 c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Dholavira<\/strong> \u2014 This site is located in the Kutch region of Gujarat. It was a highly developed Harappan city. Evidence of massive reservoirs, dams, and water storage systems has been found here. The water management system of Dholavira reflects the scientific and technological advancement of that period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 3 \u2192 d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Nageshwar<\/strong> \u2014 This site is located in Gujarat and was especially famous for the shell industry. Evidence of shell ornaments and shell-working industries has been found here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 4 \u2192 a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct matching is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 1 \u2192 b<br>\u2022 2 \u2192 c<br>\u2022 3 \u2192 d<br>\u2022 4 \u2192 a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important sites of the Harappan Civilization include\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Mohenjo-daro \u2014 famous for the Great Bath<br>\u2022 Harappa \u2014 famous for granaries<br>\u2022 Rakhigarhi \u2014 the largest Harappan site in India<br>\u2022 Chanhudaro \u2014 bead-making center<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>74.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Sufi movement was an important religious and social movement in medieval India that emphasized love, humanity, tolerance, and devotion to God. Sufi saints promoted brotherhood and communal harmony in society. Many Sufi orders developed in India, among which the Chishti order became the most popular and influential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The correct chronological order of the Chishti order is as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Sheikh Muinuddin Chishti<\/strong> \u2014 He is regarded as the founder of the Chishti order in India. He came to India in the 12th century and made Ajmer his center. He was called \u201cGharib Nawaz\u201d because he was famous for helping the poor and needy. His shrine at Ajmer Sharif is one of the major pilgrimage centers in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 IV came first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Sheikh Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar (Baba Farid)<\/strong> \u2014 He was a great Sufi saint of the Punjab region. His teachings emphasized love, simplicity, and service to humanity. Some of his verses are also included in the Guru Granth Sahib, which reflects his influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 II comes next.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya<\/strong> \u2014 He was one of the most famous Sufi saints of Delhi. He kept himself away from power and politics and emphasized love and service to humanity. His famous disciple was Amir Khusro, who made significant contributions to music and literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 I comes after that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Sheikh Nasiruddin Chiragh-e-Delhi<\/strong> \u2014 He was a major disciple and successor of Nizamuddin Auliya. He was known as \u201cChiragh-e-Delhi.\u201d He continued the Chishti tradition in Delhi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore \u2014 III comes last.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct order is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 IV \u2192 II \u2192 I \u2192 III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>75.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2024, the prestigious Pulitzer Prize in the category of Editorial Writing was awarded to David E. Hoffman. He is a senior journalist and writer associated with <em>The Washington Post<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He received this award for his deeply researched editorial series on the new technologies, surveillance systems, and repressive strategies used by authoritarian governments in the digital age to suppress dissent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pulitzer Prize was established in memory of American journalist and publisher Joseph Pulitzer. The first Pulitzer Prize was awarded in 1917. It is presented in several categories including journalism, literature, music, drama, and editorial writing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 2024 Pulitzer Prizes\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 <em>The New York Times<\/em> received the International Reporting award for coverage of the Gaza war.<br>\u2022 Reuters was honored for Breaking News Photography.<br>\u2022 Justin Chang received the award in the Criticism category.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>About the other options\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Kathleen Kingsbury received the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing in 2015 for <em>The Boston Globe<\/em>.<br>\u2022 Nikole Hannah-Jones received the Pulitzer Prize in the Commentary category in 2020 for <em>The 1619 Project<\/em> published in <em>The New York Times Magazine<\/em>.<br>\u2022 Bret Stephens received the Pulitzer Prize in the Commentary category in 2013 for <em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pulitzer Prize is considered almost equivalent to the \u201cOscar Award\u201d in the field of journalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>76.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The author of the world-famous <em>Harry Potter<\/em> series is J.K. Rowling. This series is considered one of the most popular fantasy literary works of modern times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first book of the series, <em>Harry Potter and the Philosopher\u2019s Stone<\/em>, was published in 1997. After that, a total of seven novels were published, describing the magical school Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and the adventurous life of Harry Potter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major characters of the Harry Potter series include\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Harry Potter<br>\u2022 Hermione Granger<br>\u2022 Ron Weasley<br>\u2022 Lord Voldemort<br>\u2022 Albus Dumbledore<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The series has been translated into many languages around the world, and films based on it also became extremely popular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the other options\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 J.R.R. Tolkien is the author of <em>The Lord of the Rings<\/em> and <em>The Hobbit<\/em>.<br>\u2022 C.S. Lewis is the author of <em>The Chronicles of Narnia<\/em>.<br>\u2022 Roald Dahl is famous for children\u2019s literature works such as <em>Charlie and the Chocolate Factory<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>J.K. Rowling\u2019s Harry Potter series gave children\u2019s and young adult literature a new level of global popularity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>77.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The full form of UNSC is <strong>United Nations Security Council<\/strong>. It is considered the most important organ of the United Nations Organization (UNO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The United Nations was established on 24 October 1945 after the Second World War with the objective of maintaining international peace and security. Its headquarters is located in New York, USA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main functions of the Security Council are\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Maintaining international peace and security<br>\u2022 Preventing wars and conflicts<br>\u2022 Sending peacekeeping forces<br>\u2022 Imposing sanctions<br>\u2022 Recommending new member nations<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The UNSC has a total of 15 members\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 5 Permanent Members<br>\u2022 10 Non-Permanent Members<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The permanent members are\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 United States of America<br>\u2022 Russia<br>\u2022 China<br>\u2022 United Kingdom<br>\u2022 France<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These countries possess Veto Power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India has served several times as a non-permanent member of the UNSC and has long been demanding permanent membership in the Security Council.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important organs of the United Nations include\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 General Assembly<br>\u2022 Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)<br>\u2022 International Court of Justice (ICJ)<br>\u2022 Secretariat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>78.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The full form of IFC-IOR is <strong>Information Fusion Centre \u2013 Indian Ocean Region<\/strong>. It is an important maritime security center established by India with the objective of strengthening maritime surveillance, information sharing, and security cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This center was established by the Indian Navy in Gurugram, Haryana, in 2018. Its main objective is to monitor\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Piracy<br>\u2022 Smuggling<br>\u2022 Terrorist activities<br>\u2022 Illegal fishing<br>\u2022 Suspicious maritime activities<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>in the Indian Ocean Region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IFC-IOR holds special importance in India\u2019s maritime security policy because the Indian Ocean is one of the most important trade routes in the world. A major portion of the world\u2019s oil and commercial trade passes through this region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IFC-IOR exchanges maritime information with various countries and international organizations. This enhances cooperation and security in the maritime domain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major initiatives related to India\u2019s maritime security include\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region)<br>\u2022 Indo-Pacific Policy<br>\u2022 Malabar Naval Exercise<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>79.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this question, different symbols are assigned special meanings. First, convert these symbols into normal mathematical signs\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u03b1 = greater than ( &gt; )<br>\u2022 \u00df = equal to ( = )<br>\u2022 \u03b8 = not less than ( \u2265 )<br>\u2022 \u03b3 = less than ( &lt; )<br>\u2022 \u03b4 = not equal to ( \u2260 )<br>\u2022 \u03b7 = not greater than ( \u2264 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now understand the given statements\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u03b1 2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This means\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C &gt; 2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second statement\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2d \u03b8 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This means\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2d \u2265 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This indicates that 2d is either equal to or greater than s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now combine both relations\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 C &gt; 2d<br>\u2022 2d \u2265 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since C is greater than 2d and 2d is equal to or greater than s, it is definite that C is greater than s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C &gt; s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the given symbols\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cgreater than\u201d = \u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u03b1 s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>will be the correct option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>80.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MIKE \u2192 2%#$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From this, we get\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 M = 2<br>\u2022 I = %<br>\u2022 K = #<br>\u2022 E = $<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now the second word\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KOAL \u2192 #@75<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From this\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 K = #<br>\u2022 O = @<br>\u2022 A = 7<br>\u2022 L = 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now convert \u201cAIM\u201d into code\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A = 7<br>\u2022 I = %<br>\u2022 M = 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AIM \u2192 7%2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>81.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TEACHER \u2192 KAELRAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now observe the code of each letter\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 T \u2192 K<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 A \u2192 E<br>\u2022 C \u2192 L<br>\u2022 H \u2192 R<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 R \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now apply the same pattern to \u201cCHEATER\u201d\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 C \u2192 L<br>\u2022 H \u2192 R<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 A \u2192 E<br>\u2022 T \u2192 K<br>\u2022 E \u2192 A<br>\u2022 R \u2192 S<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CHEATER \u2192 LRAEKAS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>82.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This question is based on the opposite letter pattern in the English alphabet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the English alphabet, the opposite letter of a letter is the one whose positional value adds up to 27.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 A \u2194 Z<br>\u2022 B \u2194 Y<br>\u2022 C \u2194 X<br>\u2022 D \u2194 W<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now observe the word \u201cDIAMOND\u201d\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Original Letter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Opposite Letter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Code<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D<\/td><td>W<\/td><td>V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I<\/td><td>R<\/td><td>Q<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A<\/td><td>Z<\/td><td>Y<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>O<\/td><td>L<\/td><td>K<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><td>L<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D<\/td><td>W<\/td><td>V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, the code is formed by subtracting 1 from the opposite letter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now apply the same rule to \u201cFEMALE\u201d\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Original Letter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Opposite Letter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Code<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F<\/td><td>U<\/td><td>T<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E<\/td><td>V<\/td><td>U<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A<\/td><td>Z<\/td><td>Y<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>L<\/td><td>O<\/td><td>N<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E<\/td><td>V<\/td><td>U<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the code will be\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TUMYNU<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence, the correct answer is <strong>A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>83.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><br>In this question, the position of the arrow can be observed in the anti-clockwise direction. If we consider the four corners and the midpoints of the sides of the rectangle as positions numbered from 1 to 8 respectively, then\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 In the first figure, the arrow is at position 1.<br>\u2022 In the second figure, the arrow reaches position 3.<br>\u2022 In the third figure, the arrow is at position 4.<br>\u2022 In the fourth figure, the arrow reaches position 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the arrow is continuously moving in the anti-clockwise direction. Therefore, in the next figure, the arrow should be at position 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the given options, only option A shows the arrow at position 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"86\" height=\"81\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>84.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>In this question, the main pattern is based on the position of the \u2018+\u2019 sign. If we number the sides and corners of the square from 1 to 8 respectively and observe the movement of the \u2018+\u2019 sign, it is moving in the anti-clockwise direction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>The sequence of positions is as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 In the first figure, the \u2018+\u2019 sign is at position 1.<br>\u2022 In the second figure, it reaches position 3.<br>\u2022 In the third figure, it is at position 4.<br>\u2022 In the fourth figure, it reaches position 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, in the next figure, the \u2018+\u2019 sign should be at position 7, which will be located at the middle of the upper side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;A. <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"70\" height=\"69\" src=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>85.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In domestic electrical circuits, electrical appliances are generally connected in a parallel combination. Therefore, Assertion (A) is completely true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a parallel combination, each appliance is directly connected to the main power source. As a result, every appliance receives the same potential difference (voltage). In India, the domestic power supply is generally 220 V, so appliances such as fans, bulbs, refrigerators, televisions, coolers, and other devices receive the same voltage according to their requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major advantages of parallel combination\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Each appliance works independently.<br>\u2022 If one appliance becomes faulty, the other appliances continue to work.<br>\u2022 Each appliance can be controlled by a separate switch.<br>\u2022 All appliances receive the same voltage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If appliances in domestic circuits were connected in series connection, several problems would arise\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The same current would flow through all appliances, whereas each appliance has different requirements.<br>\u2022 Voltage would be divided.<br>\u2022 If one appliance became faulty, the entire circuit would break and all appliances would stop working.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In electricity, the principle of parallel combination is based on Ohm\u2019s Law and the concepts of electric current and potential difference. Therefore, domestic wiring systems are based on parallel combination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, Reason (R) is true and it correctly explains Assertion (A).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>86.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The bending of plants towards light is called phototropism. It is an important biological response in plants in which the plant grows towards the source of light. In this process, the plant hormone called auxin plays the main role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auxin is produced in the shoot apex of the plant. When light falls on the plant from one direction, auxin moves away from the illuminated side and accumulates more on the shaded side. Therefore, Statement II is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The higher concentration of auxin on the shaded side causes cell elongation, not cell division. As a result, the cells on the shaded side become longer, and the plant bends towards the light. Therefore, Statement IV is correct, while Statement III is incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Statement I is also incorrect because auxin does not accumulate more on the illuminated side; instead, it accumulates on the shaded side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auxin is an important growth hormone in plants that controls\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Cell elongation<br>\u2022 Growth of roots and stems<br>\u2022 Phototropism<br>\u2022 Geotropism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important plant hormones include\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Gibberellin \u2014 stem growth<br>\u2022 Cytokinin \u2014 cell division<br>\u2022 Abscisic Acid (ABA) \u2014 growth inhibitor<br>\u2022 Ethylene \u2014 fruit ripening<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>87.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the living world, millions of types of organisms are found. Since the same organism had different local names in different regions and languages, confusion arose in scientific studies. To remove this problem, the Binomial Nomenclature system was developed. Therefore, Assertion (A) is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This system was developed by the famous scientist Carolus Linnaeus, who is known as the Father of Modern Taxonomy. Under binomial nomenclature, every organism is given a scientific name consisting of two words\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 First word \u2014 Genus name<br>\u2022 Second word \u2014 Species name<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, Reason (R) is also true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some important rules of binomial nomenclature\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Scientific names are generally written in Latin language.<br>\u2022 The first letter of the Genus is written in capital form.<br>\u2022 The first letter of the Species is written in small form.<br>\u2022 In printed form, scientific names are written in italics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Human \u2014 Homo sapiens<br>\u2022 Mango \u2014 Mangifera indica<br>\u2022 Lion \u2014 Panthera leo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Advantages of binomial nomenclature\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Organisms are identified uniformly throughout the world.<br>\u2022 Scientific communication becomes easier.<br>\u2022 Classification and study of organisms become convenient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>88.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ribosomes are very important cell organelles that mainly perform protein synthesis. They are also called the \u201cprotein factories\u201d of the cell. Ribosomes are found in all types of living cells \u2014 both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proteins are formed on ribosomes by joining amino acids together. Most enzymes produced in the cell are protein in nature. Therefore, enzyme formation is also indirectly carried out by ribosomes. Hence, Statements (I) and (II) are correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fats or lipids are mainly synthesized in the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER). Therefore, Statement (III) is incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Starch is synthesized in plants during the process of photosynthesis. This function mainly occurs in plastids such as chloroplasts. Therefore, Statement (IV) is also incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important features of ribosomes\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Ribosomes are non-membranous cell organelles.<br>\u2022 They were discovered by George Palade, so they are sometimes called \u201cPalade Particles.\u201d<br>\u2022 They are found freely in the cytoplasm or attached to Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER).<br>\u2022 70S ribosomes are found in prokaryotic cells, while 80S ribosomes are found in eukaryotic cells.<br>\u2022 Mitochondria and chloroplasts also contain their own ribosomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>89.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tendrils are thin, thread-like, and coiled structures in plants that help them hold support and climb upward. They are mainly found in climbing plants such as\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Pea<br>\u2022 Grapevine<br>\u2022 Bottle gourd<br>\u2022 Pumpkin<br>\u2022 Cucumber<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tendrils are sensitive to touch stimulus. When tendrils come in contact with a support, they start coiling around it. This response of plants is called Thigmotropism. Therefore, the correct answer is touch stimulus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In thigmotropism, a part of the plant grows in a particular direction due to touch. The coiling of tendrils around support helps the plant reach greater height and obtain sunlight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This process is influenced by the plant growth hormone Auxin. When tendrils touch an object, unequal distribution of auxin occurs. As a result, cells on one side grow more, causing the tendril to bend and grasp the support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Major tropic movements in plants\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Phototropism \u2014 response to light<br>\u2022 Geotropism \u2014 response to gravity<br>\u2022 Hydrotropism \u2014 response to water<br>\u2022 Chemotropism \u2014 response to chemicals<br>\u2022 Thigmotropism \u2014 response to touch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These plant responses help them adapt to the environment and support their growth and development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>90.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Cost Price (CP) = \u20b98400<br>\u2022 Selling Price (SP) = \u20b96384<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the selling price is less than the cost price, there is a loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Loss = Cost Price \u2212 Selling Price<br>= 8400 \u2212 6384<br>= \u20b92016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Loss Percentage = (Loss \/ Cost Price) \u00d7 100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2016 \/ 8400) \u00d7 100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 24%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>91.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given\u2014<br>\u2022 Height of cone (h) = 12 cm<br>\u2022 Slant height of cone (l) = 13 cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find the radius of the cone\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>l\u00b2 = r\u00b2 + h\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13\u00b2 = r\u00b2 + 12\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>169 = r\u00b2 + 144<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r\u00b2 = 25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r = 5 cm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the radius of both the cone and hemisphere is 5 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of cone<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0r\u00b2h<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 5\u00b2 \u00d7 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (1\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 25 \u00d7 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 100\u03c0 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volume of hemisphere<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0r\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 5\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (2\/3)\u03c0 \u00d7 125<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 250\u03c0\/3 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now total volume\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 100\u03c0 + 250\u03c0\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= (300\u03c0 + 250\u03c0)\/3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>= 550\u03c0\/3 cm\u00b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>92.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 a. Confidence Building Measures \u2192 ii. A process of exchanging defence-related information between nations on a regular basis :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under this, two or more countries share information regarding military plans, troop positions, and defence activities to avoid misunderstandings and sudden conflicts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 b. Arms Control \u2192 iv. Controls the acquisition or development of weapons :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under arms control, countries mutually agree on rules and limits regarding the manufacture, testing, and use of certain weapons. The Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty is an example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 c. Alliance\/Coalition \u2192 iii. A grouping of nations formed for deterrence or defence :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is an organization of countries formed for collective security against external threats or military attacks. NATO is a major example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 d. Disarmament \u2192 i. Giving up certain kinds of weapons :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Disarmament means eliminating or abandoning weapons that are dangerous to humanity. The Biological Weapons Convention and Chemical Weapons Convention are important examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>93.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Majoritarianism is a political system or ideology in which the majority community dominates governance and policies based on numerical strength. In such systems, the interests of minorities may often be ignored. Sinhala majoritarianism in Sri Lanka is considered a major example, where the Tamil community faced inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Power Sharing is an important principle of democracy in which power is distributed among different social, linguistic, religious, and regional groups to ensure participation of all sections of society. Its objective is to reduce social conflicts and maintain political stability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forms of power sharing\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Division of power among organs of government<br>\u2022 Federal division between Centre and States<br>\u2022 Political participation of different social groups<br>\u2022 Balance among political parties and pressure groups<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgium is considered a successful example of power sharing, where constitutional balance was established between Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>94.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India follows a parliamentary democratic system in which government formation is based on majority support in the legislature. The political party or alliance that secures majority in the Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly claims the right to form the government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Statement I is incorrect because independent candidates alone generally do not form the government. They may support a government, but organized majority support is necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Statement II is incorrect because the Constitution does not reserve government formation only for political parties. Though practically, governments are formed by political parties or alliances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Statement III appears partially correct but is incomplete because merely being elected is not sufficient; majority support is also required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Statement IV is correct because in a parliamentary system, the political party or alliance having majority in the House forms the government. Appointment of the Prime Minister or Chief Minister is also based on this principle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Article 75 of the Indian Constitution provides for collective responsibility of the Council of Ministers to the Lok Sabha at the Centre, while Article 164 provides the same for State Legislative Assemblies. Therefore, majority support and confidence of the House are essential for government formation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>95.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Assertion (A) is true because power sharing provides participation in governance to different social, linguistic, religious, and regional groups. This reduces dissatisfaction and social conflict, thereby maintaining political stability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Reason (R) is also true because power sharing includes all major groups in the decision-making process. This reduces domination by any one community and ensures representation of minority groups. Such inclusiveness helps reduce social conflict.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A) because participation and representation of social groups form the main basis for preventing conflict.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belgium is considered a major example of successful power sharing, where constitutional balance between Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities reduced social conflict. In contrast, Sri Lanka experienced prolonged conflict between Sinhala and Tamil communities due to majoritarian policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>96.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 (iv) Primary cause :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, the basic cause of geothermal energy is established. As depth inside the Earth increases, temperature also continuously increases. This is known as the geothermal gradient. Due to this, enormous heat exists inside the Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 (ii) Heating of groundwater :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In areas with high geothermal gradient, underground water comes in contact with hot rocks and absorbs heat, becoming extremely hot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 (i) Conversion into steam :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When this highly heated water rises towards the Earth\u2019s surface, pressure decreases and it changes into steam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 (iii) Generation of electricity :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, this steam is used to rotate turbines connected to generators, which produce electricity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geothermal energy is considered an important source of renewable energy because it causes less pollution and remains available for a long time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, Puga Valley (Ladakh), Manikaran (Himachal Pradesh), and Tattapani (Chhattisgarh) are important potential geothermal energy regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>97.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Black Soil (Regur Soil) is considered the most suitable soil for cotton cultivation. The most important feature of this soil is its very high moisture retention capacity. Therefore, clue (i) is the most useful in identifying the ideal soil for cotton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Black soil is mainly formed by the weathering of basalt rocks. It is especially found in the Deccan Trap region. This soil contains abundant lime, magnesium, iron, and potash, while nitrogen and phosphorus are comparatively low.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This soil retains moisture for a long time after rainfall, providing continuous water supply to cotton crops. On drying, it develops wide cracks which improve air circulation in the soil. Due to this property, it is also called \u201cSelf-Ploughing Soil.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Clue (ii) is related to yellow soil, which appears yellow due to hydration.<br>\u2022 Clue (iii) refers to kankar and bhangar, terms associated with alluvial soil. Bhangar is old alluvial soil containing calcareous nodules.<br>\u2022 Clue (iv) describes loamy soil, which is suitable for general agriculture, but cotton is specially associated with black soil and its moisture-retaining property.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, black soil is mainly found in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>98.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 a. Cirrus (Ci), Cirrocumulus (Cc), Cirrostratus (Cs) \u2192 III. Thin, white, icy clouds, no rainfall :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are high-level clouds formed at great heights. They mainly contain ice crystals. They appear thin, white, and feathery and generally do not produce rainfall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 b. Altocumulus (Ac), Altostratus (As) \u2192 I. Layered or puffy, made of liquid water :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are middle-level clouds containing water droplets. They appear in layered or clustered forms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 c. Stratus (St), Stratocumulus (Sc), Nimbostratus (Ns) \u2192 II. Gloomy sky, light rain, generally cloudy weather :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are low-level clouds that cover the sky and bring light rain or drizzle. Nimbostratus clouds especially cause continuous rainfall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 d. Cumulus (Cu), Cumulonimbus \u2192 IV. Tall, narrow, and puffy :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are clouds with vertical development. Cumulonimbus clouds are associated with thunder, lightning, and heavy rainfall. They are also called \u201cThunder Clouds.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Clouds are mainly classified on the basis of height, shape, and structure. Luke Howard is known as the father of the modern cloud classification system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>99.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 a. Tributaries originating from a peak flow downward along the slopes and drain water in all directions. (Correct)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radial Drainage Pattern develops when rivers originate from a central elevated area such as a dome, volcanic cone, or plateau and flow outward in all directions following the slope. This pattern resembles the spokes of a wheel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 b. Rivers originating from the Amarkantak Plateau provide a good example of radial drainage pattern. (Correct)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Amarkantak Plateau is a major example of radial drainage in India. Rivers flow in different directions from this plateau\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Narmada River flows westward<br>\u2022 Son River flows northward<br>\u2022 Tributaries of the Mahanadi system flow eastward and south-eastward<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 c. Radial drainage patterns are also found in the Nilgiri Hills. (Correct)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Nilgiri Hills in South India also form a central elevated region. Rivers such as Bhavani, Moyar, and Kabini flow in different directions from here, forming a radial drainage pattern.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>100.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Descending order means arranging from the largest area to the smallest area. The approximate actual areas of the given wetlands are as follows\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Sundarban Wetland \u2014 about 4230 sq km<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta region of West Bengal, it is the world\u2019s largest mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is famous for the Royal Bengal Tiger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Vembanad Wetland System \u2014 about 2033 sq km<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in Kerala, it is India\u2019s largest wetland system. It is famous for backwater tourism, fisheries, and Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary. It is also a Ramsar Site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Chilika Lake \u2014 about 1165 sq km<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in Odisha, it is Asia\u2019s largest brackish water lagoon. It is famous for migratory birds and Irrawaddy dolphins. It is one of India\u2019s earliest Ramsar Sites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Sambhar Lake \u2014 about 230 sq km<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in Rajasthan, it is India\u2019s largest inland saline lake. It is known for salt production and serves as an important habitat for flamingos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Ashtamudi Wetland \u2014 about 61 sq km<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Located in Kollam district of Kerala, it is an important backwater estuary. \u201cAshtamudi\u201d means a lake with eight branches. It is important for fisheries, coconut-based industries, and inland water transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the correct descending order is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sundarban &gt; Vembanad &gt; Chilika &gt; Sambhar &gt; Ashtamudi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That is\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e &gt; a &gt; b &gt; d &gt; c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note:<br>Based on actual area, the correct order becomes e \u2192 a \u2192 b \u2192 d \u2192 c, but this combination was not available in the original question options. This new option was added by Examdhara as a correction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Download Pdf<\/strong> \ud83d\udc47<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8dcee45a761de1ca34fb4ef6b7d28f33\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.examdhara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bihar-Daroga-1799-Mains-Question-With-Expanation-English-Medium-27.02.2025.pdf\">Bihar SI 1799 Mains Question Paper Pdf English Medium(27.05.2026)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bihar SI Mains 27 May 2026 Question and Answer in Hindi 1. \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 : A. \u0921\u0949. \u092c\u0940.\u0906\u0930. \u0905\u0902\u092c\u0947\u0921\u0915\u0930 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