Bihar Board 12th English 2026 Question and Answer Key Pdf
Bihar Board 12th English 2026 SECTION – A (Objective Type Questions)
Question Nos. 1 to 100 have four options, out of which only one is correct. You have to mark your selected option, on the OMR-Sheet. Answer any 50 questions. 50 x 1-50
1. Ankita …………… come yet; the whole class is waiting for her.
(A) hadn’t
(B) haven’t
(C) hasn’t
(D) didn’t
✅ Answer: (C) hasn’t
2. Let us organise a get-together party. (Choose the correct passive voice)
(A) We should be organising a get-together party
(B) Get-together party must be surely organised
(C) A get-together party should be organised
(D) A get-together party would be organised by us
✅ Answer: (C) A get-together party should be organised
3. Milan is …………… Italian city.
(A) a
(B) the
(C) an
(D) no article
✅ Answer: (C) an
4. Rolls-Royce cars are ……………
(A) cheap
(B) expensive
(C) blue
(D) tall
✅ Answer: (B) expensive
5. …………… languages does Aryan speak?
(A) How
(B) How many
(C) How much
(D) Where
✅ Answer: (B) How many
6. That’s my book. Can I have …………… back please?
(A) it
(B) them
(C) you
(D) my
✅ Answer: (A) it
7. Sunaina loves …………… to music.
(A) listening
(B) listens
(C) to listen
(D) listen
✅ Answer: (A) listening
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8. There …………… an armchair in my bedroom.
(A) any
(B) are
(C) is
(D) some
✅ Answer: (C) is
9. The boys …………… very tired today because they were at a party last night.
(A) is
(B) were
(C) was
(D) are
✅ Answer: (B) were
10. Rohini said, “I have a stomach-ache.” (Choose the correct option)
(A) Rohini says that she have a stomach-ache.
(B) Rohini said that she had got a stomach-ache.
(C) Rohini said that she has a stomach-ache.
(D) Rohini said that she got a stomach-ache.
✅ Answer: (B) Rohini said that she had got a stomach-ache.
11. The meeting …………… at half-past eight.
(A) starts
(B) starting
(C) start
(D) will be started
✅ Answer: (A) starts
12. Choose the correct meaning of “Docile”:
(A) Very bad
(B) Obedient
(C) Respect
(D) Disfigure
✅ Answer: (B) Obedient
13. It is impossible to do this. (Choose the correct passive voice)
(A) This is impossible to be done
(B) To do this by it is impossible
(C) It is impossible to have done this
(D) It can’t be done
✅ Answer: (A) This is impossible to be done
14. “Call the witness,” said the judge. (Choose the correct indirect speech)
(A) The judge commanded to call the witness
(B) The judge commanded them to call the witness
(C) The judge commanded that the witness be called
(D) The judge commanded the witness to be called
✅ Answer: (D) The judge commanded the witness to be called
15. The doctor advised him to rest for …………… days.
(A) few
(B) a few
(C) a little
(D) little
✅ Answer: (B) a few
16. A thorough search of the aircraft was carried …………… in the airport.
(A) out
(B) on
(C) off
(D) along
✅ Answer: (A) out
17. As she became tired, error began to creep …………… her work.
(A) with
(B) off
(C) into
(D) up
✅ Answer: (C) into
18. Choose a one-word substitution for “The absence of government in a country”:
(A) Ascetic
(B) Amnesia
(C) Aphasia
(D) Anarchy
✅ Answer: (D) Anarchy
19. Choose a one-word substitution — “Ceremony of crowning a king”:
(A) Contagious
(B) Coronation
(C) Dexterous
(D) Deliberate
✅ Answer: (B) Coronation
20. Choose the correct meaning of “Blow one’s own trumpet”:
(A) Entirely
(B) Ready to obey order
(C) To praise oneself
(D) With all belongings
✅ Answer: (C) To praise oneself
21. The two friends had a …………… talk after a long time.
(A) how good
(B) heart to heart
(C) in no time
(D) in the air
✅ Answer: (B) heart to heart
22. Choose the correct antonym of “Humility”:
(A) Dignity
(B) Anger
(C) Cruelty
(D) Pride
✅ Answer: (D) Pride
23. Choose the correct synonym of “Relish”:
(A) Realize
(B) Enjoy
(C) Taste
(D) Reveal
✅ Answer: (B) Enjoy
24. Choose the correct antonym of “Scorn”:
(A) Joy
(B) Admiration
(C) Contempt
(D) Pity
✅ Answer: (B) Admiration
25. Choose the correct synonym of “Jealous”:
(A) Remorse
(B) Envious
(C) Regretful
(D) Unhappy
✅ Answer: (B) Envious
26. The …………… duty of every citizen is to respect the country.
(A) each and every
(B) first and foremost
(C) over and above
(D) unless and until
✅ Answer: (B) first and foremost
27. Make sure you …………… at least two hours before your flight.
(A) check off
(B) check up
(C) check out
(D) check in
✅ Answer: (D) check in
28. Sheetal ran fast. She wanted to win the race. (Choose the correct combination)
(A) Sheetal running fast for winning the race
(B) Sheetal is running fast to win the race
(C) Running fast is Sheetal for winning the race
(D) Sheetal ran fast to win the race
✅ Answer: (D) Sheetal ran fast to win the race
29. He broke the lock …………… a hammer.
(A) without hail
(B) with the help of
(C) with a vengeance
(D) with an eye to
✅ Answer: (B) with the help of
30. Abriti has decided …………… more.
(A) to earned
(B) will earn
(C) to earning
(D) to earn
✅ Answer: (D) to earn
31. You need to buy …………… refrigerator.
(A) a
(B) the
(C) an
(D) no article
✅ Answer: (B) the
32. We saw a …………… of lions at the sanctuary.
(A) herd
(B) flock
(C) pride
(D) bunch
✅ Answer: (C) pride
33. Choose the odd one out:
(A) Wheat
(B) Paddy
(C) Barley
(D) Mustard
✅ Answer: (D) Mustard
34. I like the books …………… have interesting stories.
(A) who
(B) that
(C) whom
(D) what
✅ Answer: (B) that
35. I have no …………… to you going for a movie.
(A) object
(B) objecting
(C) objection
(D) objective
✅ Answer: (C) objection
36. You …………… cross the road when the traffic light is red.
(A) have to
(B) must
(C) mustn’t
(D) had to
✅ Answer: (C) mustn’t
37. …………… have that dress specially made?
(A) Has you
(B) Could you
(C) Should you
(D) Did you have
✅ Answer: (D) Did you have
38. Learning …………… is not easy.
(A) for Sanskrit
(B) Sanskrit
(C) the Sanskrit
(D) of Sanskrit
✅ Answer: (B) Sanskrit
39. I saw two crows …………… poking their heads at the flowerpot.
(A) play
(B) played
(C) playing
(D) playfully
✅ Answer: (C) playing
40. Please have …………… more tea; you haven’t taken much.
(A) some
(B) any
(C) no
(D) several
✅ Answer: (A) some
41. Work …………… to score good marks.
(A) so hard
(B) hard
(C) much hard
(D) hardly
✅ Answer: (B) hard
42. Someone was knocking …………… the door.
(A) by
(B) to
(C) since
(D) at
✅ Answer: (D) at
43. She needs some new clothes, …………… ?
(A) need she
(B) needn’t she
(C) does she
(D) doesn’t she
✅ Answer: (D) doesn’t she
44. The synonym of “Marvelous” is:
(A) Wonderful
(B) Simple
(C) Ordinary
(D) Attractive
✅ Answer: (A) Wonderful
45. The antonym of “Fixed” is:
(A) Established
(B) Confirmed
(C) Undecided
(D) Immobile
✅ Answer: (C) Undecided
46. The synonym of “Hoard” is:
(A) Destroy
(B) Hide
(C) Store
(D) Divide
✅ Answer: (C) Store
47. The antonym of “Moisture” is:
(A) Wetness
(B) Dryness
(C) Dampness
(D) Roughness
✅ Answer: (B) Dryness
48. Sumit asked her if she was ill. (Choose the correct direct narration)
(A) Sumit asked her, “You are ill.”
(B) Sumit told her, “Was she ill?”
(C) Sumit said to her, “Are you ill?”
(D) Sumit said to her, “Is she ill?”
✅ Answer: (C) Sumit said to her, “Are you ill?”
49. He requested me to keep the door open. (Choose the correct direct narration)
(A) He said to me, “Please keep the door open.”
(B) He says, “Keep the door open.”
(C) He will say, “Keep the door open.”
(D) He said, “Never keep the door open.”
✅ Answer: (A) He said to me, “Please keep the door open.”
50. Choose the correctly spelt word:
(A) Jandice
(B) Jaundicee
(C) Jaundice
(D) Jaundece
✅ Answer: (C) Jaundice
51. India will win the World Cup. That is certain. (Choose the correct combination)
(A) It is certain that India will win the World Cup
(B) India will certainly win the World Cup
(C) Certainly, India will win the World Cup
(D) India will win the World Cup certainly
✅ Answer: (A) It is certain that India will win the World Cup
52. Choose the correct sentence:
(A) The boys runs fast in the race
(B) The boys run fast in the race
(C) The boy run fast in the race
(D) The boy running fast in the race
✅ Answer: (B) The boys run fast in the race
53. I got late for the flight …………… there was much traffic on the road.
(A) because
(B) until
(C) more
(D) after
✅ Answer: (A) because
54. We located the key …………… the lock.
(A) during
(B) since
(C) unless
(D) for
✅ Answer: (A) during
55. Choose the correct meaning of “To keep one’s temper”:
(A) To become hungry
(B) To be aloof
(C) To remain calm
(D) To preserve one’s energy
✅ Answer: (C) To remain calm
56. Choose the correct meaning of “To cry wolf”:
(A) To listen eagerly
(B) To turn pale
(C) To be hungry
(D) To give a false alarm
✅ Answer: (D) To give a false alarm
57. They decided to …………… his number in the yellow pages.
(A) look into
(B) look up
(C) look at
(D) look onto
✅ Answer: (B) look up
58. After a prolonged suffering he “passed away”. (Choose the correct option of the underlined phrase)
(A) went away
(B) expired
(C) left
(D) yielded
✅ Answer: (B) expired
59. We have no alternative plan to …………… on.
(A) fall back
(B) fall for
(C) fall out
(D) fall off
✅ Answer: (A) fall back
60. She came across some papers she was looking for. (Choose the correct option of the underlined words)
(A) saw from a distance
(B) touched
(C) found unexpectedly
(D) read quickly
✅ Answer: (C) found unexpectedly
61. What figure of speech has been used in “My Grandmother’s House”?
(A) Simile
(B) Personification
(C) Metaphor
(D) Alliteration
✅ Answer: (D) Alliteration
62. …………… is the prime instrument of nation building.
(A) Education
(B) Agriculture
(C) Trade
(D) Industry
✅ Answer: (A) Education
63. “I Have a Dream” is part of a:
(A) drama
(B) poem
(C) novel
(D) speech
✅ Answer: (D) speech
64. “We saw embers losing their cruel redness” is taken from:
(A) Song of Myself
(B) The Soldier
(C) Fire-Hymn
(D) Snake
✅ Answer: (B) The Soldier
65. Indian peasants are poorer than their …………… counterparts.
(A) Sri Lankan
(B) Pakistani
(C) Chinese
(D) Russian
✅ Answer: (C) Chinese
66. John Donne feels that …………… is very hopeless.
(A) animal
(B) plants
(C) bird
(D) man
✅ Answer: (D) man
67. …………… says that he is having a heart failure.
(A) Choobokov
(B) Lomov
(C) Natalia
(D) Lomov’s father
✅ Answer: (B) Lomov
68. In traditional birth, infant and mother mortality is:
(A) lesser
(B) negligible
(C) greater
(D) recognizable
✅ Answer: (C) greater
69. “But believe that I shall make speedier journeys” is taken from:
(A) To Autumn
(B) Macavity: The Mystery Cat
(C) Fire-Hymn
(D) Sweetest Love, I Do Not Go
✅ Answer: (D) Sweetest Love, I Do Not Go
70. Lomov is a man conscious of:
(A) social class
(B) caste
(C) religion
(D) race
✅ Answer: (A) social class
71. The …………… has become dumb to see the leafless trees.
(A) hen
(B) sparrow
(C) nightingale
(D) peacock
✅ Answer: (C) nightingale
72. The press enjoys the …………… of the public.
(A) boldness
(B) fears
(C) helplessness
(D) secrecy
✅ Answer: (B) fears
73. For all the ills in India, the writer blames:
(A) the Indians
(B) the British rule
(C) illiteracy
(D) superstitions
✅ Answer: (D) superstitions
74. Benjy owned a:
(A) Hyundai Car
(B) Contessa Car
(C) Honda Car
(D) Ford Van
✅ Answer: (D) Ford Van
75. Seibei’s parents knew that Seibei often went out to buy
(A) vegetables
(B) gourds
(C) fruits
(D) snacks
✅ Answer: (B) gourds
76. Advertisers contribute to the …………… of the newspaper.
(A) material
(B) news
(C) revenue
(D) gossip
✅ Answer: (C) revenue
77. The poet is …………… the snake.
(A) in awe of
(B) ashamed of
(C) afraid of
(D) disgusted by
✅ Answer: (C) afraid of
78. “Tower of Silence” is related to …………… religion.
(A) Hindu
(B) Parsi
(C) Sikh
(D) Christian
✅ Answer: (B) Parsi
79. …………… is sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression.
(A) New York
(B) Texas
(C) Chicago
(D) Mississippi
✅ Answer: (D) Mississippi
80. Every human death by starvation is preceded by a long period of
(A) sorrow
(B) anxiety
(C) happiness
(D) ignorance
✅ Answer: (D) ignorance
81. Nanukaka has a unique quality of telling
(A) truths
(B) stories
(C) incidents
(D) lies
✅ Answer: (D) lies
82. …………… discrimination was disapproved by Martin Luther King, Jr.
(A) Sex
(B) Caste
(C) Religious
(D) Racial
✅ Answer: (D) Racial
83. Natalia and …………… are quarrelling for the Ox-Meadows.
(A) Romov
(B) Lomov
(C) Choobookov
(D) Tomov
✅ Answer: (B) Lomov
84. English is a
(A) hindrance in progress
(B) disgrace to the world
(C) blessing in disguise
(D) window to the world
✅ Answer: (D) window to the world
85. The Norman Conquest made England into little more than a colony of
(A) Italy
(B) France
(C) Germany
(D) Russia
✅ Answer: (B) France
86. Langland is a well-known writer of …………… English literature.
(A) Old
(B) Modern
(C) Middle
(D) Post-modern
✅ Answer: (C) Middle
87. The Anglo-Saxons invaded England in the …………… century.
(A) fifth
(B) sixth
(C) seventh
(D) eighth
✅ Answer: (B) sixth
88. In the poem Snake, Lawrence denounces the artificialities of …………… life.
(A) ancient
(B) medieval
(C) modern
(D) industrial
✅ Answer: (C) modern
89. Indian English came into existence in …………… century.
(A) 18th
(B) 20th
(C) 19th
(D) 21st
✅ Answer: (C) 19th
90. Seibei took to …………… after giving up collecting gourds.
(A) playing games
(B) painting pictures
(C) watching movies
(D) reading books
✅ Answer: (B) painting pictures
91. “Nothing can equal the seeds sown by our ancestors” is from
(A) A Child is Born
(B) Indian Civilization and Culture
(C) Bharat is My Home
(D) I Have a Dream
✅ Answer: (B) Indian Civilization and Culture
92. …………… is known as the Nightingale of India.
(A) Mamta Kalia
(B) Eunice De Souza
(C) Kamala Das
(D) Sarojini Naidu
✅ Answer: (D) Sarojini Naidu
93. “His footprints are not found in any field of …………… yard.”
(A) Ireland
(B) Scotland
(C) Iceland
(D) Netherland
✅ Answer: (B) Scotland
94. Different varieties of English will together form a
(A) Standard Spoken English
(B) Grammar Rules Forum
(C) World Pronunciation Rules
(D) English Grammar
✅ Answer: (A) Standard Spoken English
95. …………… does not have the largest number of native speakers.
(A) Chinese
(B) English
(C) Japanese
(D) Hindi
✅ Answer: (C) Japanese
96. Who were the rulers of ancient Egypt?
(A) Pharaohs
(B) Porus
(C) Gods
(D) Alfred
✅ Answer: (A) Pharaohs
97. …………… was more important than any other invention.
(A) Machinery
(B) Vehicles
(C) Fire
(D) Agriculture
✅ Answer: (C) Fire
98. …………… was Nanukaka’s favourite dress.
(A) Silk Coat
(B) Pathani Coat
(C) Kashmiri Coat
(D) Jodhpuri Coat
✅ Answer: (B) Pathani Coat
99. …………… was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi.
(A) Martin Luther King, Jr.
(B) Shiga Naoya
(C) Dorothy L. Sayers
(D) Pearl S. Buck
✅ Answer: (A) Martin Luther King, Jr.
100. Every newspaper lives in a precarious
(A) battle
(B) imbalance
(C) balance
(D) struggle
✅ Answer: (C) balance
Bihar Board 12th English 2026 SECTION – B (Descriptive Type Questions)
1. Write an essay on any ONE of the following in about 150–200 words:
(a) Religions in India
(b) A Memorable Trip
(c) Impact of Media on Lifestyle
(d) Water Management
(e) A Little Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing
Answer:
(a) Religions in India
India is a land of rich religious diversity. Many religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism have flourished here since ancient times. Each religion has its own beliefs, customs and traditions, yet all of them teach values like truth, peace, tolerance and brotherhood. This diversity has shaped India’s culture and way of life. People of different religions live together and celebrate each other’s festivals, which strengthens unity in diversity. The Indian Constitution guarantees freedom of religion, allowing every citizen to follow and practise the religion of their choice. However, religion should always promote harmony and mutual respect, not hatred or division. True religion teaches humanity, love and understanding. Thus, religious diversity is not a weakness but a great strength of India.
(b) A Memorable Trip
Travelling provides joy, knowledge and unforgettable experiences. One of the most memorable trips of my life was a visit to Darjeeling with my family. The journey through winding roads and green hills was exciting. The cool climate and scenic beauty refreshed our minds. We visited Tiger Hill early in the morning to watch the sunrise over the snow-covered Kanchenjunga, which was a breathtaking sight. The tea gardens, monasteries and toy train ride made the trip more enjoyable. We also tasted local food and interacted with friendly people. This trip brought us closer as a family and taught me to appreciate nature’s beauty. The memories of this journey will always remain fresh in my mind.
(c) Impact of Media on Lifestyle
Media plays a significant role in shaping modern lifestyle. Television, newspapers, the internet and social media influence the way people think, dress, speak and behave. Media provides information, education and entertainment, helping people stay aware of social, political and cultural developments around the world. It connects people globally and promotes new ideas and trends. However, excessive dependence on media has negative effects as well. Social media addiction reduces face-to-face interaction and affects mental health. Unrealistic standards of beauty and success shown in media create stress, jealousy and dissatisfaction, especially among the youth. Time spent on screens also reduces physical activity and reading habits. Therefore, media should be used wisely. A balanced use of media can educate and inspire society, while misuse can harm values, relationships and healthy living.
(d) Water Management
Water is an essential natural resource required for all forms of life. With rapid population growth, urbanization and climate change, water scarcity has become a serious problem. Proper water management is necessary to conserve and use water efficiently. Rainwater harvesting, reuse of wastewater and modern irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation can help reduce water wastage. People should develop habits like turning off taps, fixing leaks and using water carefully in daily life. Industries and agriculture must also adopt water-saving practices. Governments should implement effective policies and spread awareness about water conservation. Protecting rivers, lakes and groundwater sources is equally important. Water management today is vital to ensure availability for future generations, because saving water means saving life itself.
(e) A Little Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing
Knowledge is a powerful tool, but incomplete knowledge can be harmful. A person who possesses only a little knowledge often becomes overconfident and takes wrong decisions. Such a person may misunderstand facts and spread false information. For example, someone with partial medical knowledge may misuse medicines and cause serious health problems. Similarly, half-baked knowledge in science, technology or social matters can lead to confusion and mistakes. True knowledge requires deep understanding, experience and continuous learning. One should always be aware of the limits of one’s knowledge and remain humble. It is better to admit ignorance than to act on insufficient information. Therefore, proper education, guidance and careful thinking are necessary. This proves that a little knowledge, without wisdom, can indeed be a dangerous thing.
2. Explain any ONE of the following:
a) At mother’s insistence, I had taken two days’ leave from the office, and in the afternoon, I drove Nanukaka to the North Block.
b) The individual cannot grow in full perfection without a corresponding advance of the collective social existence.
c) We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.
d) If we turn birth from a climactic personal experience into a personal disaster, it matters little that the result is more likely to be a live child.
Answer:
a) This line is taken from A Pinch of Snuff. The narrator says that on his mother’s insistence, he took two days’ leave from his office and drove Nanukaka to the North Block. It shows the narrator’s sense of duty, patience and compassion towards the old man. It also reflects the importance of family responsibility and respect for elders.
OR
b) This statement emphasizes the idea that an individual’s growth is closely linked with the progress of society. A person cannot achieve complete development in isolation. Social advancement, cooperation and collective well-being are necessary for the full realization of individual potential.
OR
c) These words are from Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech I Have a Dream. He urges people to fight injustice and discrimination through non-violence, dignity and self-discipline. He believes that a peaceful and moral struggle is the only way to achieve true freedom and equality.
OR
d) This statement highlights the importance of proper care and understanding during childbirth. If childbirth is treated as a disastrous experience rather than a natural and meaningful event, the emotional and physical harm remains, even if the child survives. It stresses the need for humane and sensitive medical care.
3. Explain any ONE of the following:
a) And laughter, learnt of friends; and gentleness,
In hearts at peace, under an English heaven.
b) At whatever time the deed took place—
MACAVITY WASN’T THERE!
c) The nearest Tower of Silence was a thousand miles—
d) Yesternight the Sunne went hence,
And yet is here today.
Answer:
a) These lines from The Soldier show the poet’s deep love for England. He says that qualities like laughter, friendship and gentleness have been learnt from his homeland. England has shaped his character and given him peace and happiness. Thus, England lives in his heart as a sacred and loving place.
OR
b) These lines from Macavity: The Mystery Cat highlight the cleverness of Macavity. No matter when or how a crime is committed, Macavity is never found at the scene. The poet humorously presents him as a mysterious criminal who always escapes the law.
OR
c) This line refers to the Parsi custom of disposing of the dead in the Tower of Silence. The distance of a thousand miles suggests isolation and difficulty. It reflects the emotional and practical hardship faced by the characters due to social customs and circumstances.
OR
d) These lines from Sweetest Love, I Do Not Go express the poet’s idea that love is eternal. Just as the sun sets at night but rises again in the morning, true love does not end with separation. Temporary absence cannot destroy genuine love.
4. Write a letter to your brother asking him to come to the marriage of your uncle in the first week of July.
OR
Write an application to your headmaster asking him to arrange extra classes in English before the Board Exams.
Answer:
Write a letter to your brother asking him to come to the marriage of your uncle in the first week of July.
Patna
20 June 2026
Dear Brother,
I hope you are in good health and spirits. I am writing this letter to inform you that our uncle’s marriage has been fixed in the first week of July. The marriage ceremony will take place at our native village, and all the family members will be present on this auspicious occasion.
Everyone at home is eagerly waiting for you. Your presence will add joy to the celebrations and make the occasion memorable. Please try to manage your work and come at least two days before the marriage so that we can spend some time together. Convey my regards to sister-in-law.
Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours lovingly,
Your loving brother
OR
Write an application to your headmaster asking him to arrange extra classes in English before the Board Exams.
To
The Headmaster
XYZ High School
Patna
Respected Sir,
I beg to state that I am a student of Class XII of your esteemed school. Our Board Examinations are approaching, and English is an important subject for all of us. Many students are facing difficulties in grammar, writing skills and literature.
I therefore request you to kindly arrange extra classes in English before the Board Exams. These classes will help us revise the syllabus properly and improve our performance in the examination. We shall be very grateful to you for this kind support.
Thanking you.
Yours obediently,
A student of Class XII
5. Answer any FIVE of the following in about 40–50 words each:
a) What did Benjy want the money?
b) Why were the intellectuals in India restless and embittered?
c) Why does Lomov think that his is a critical age?
d) What are Pearl S. Buck’s views on the Christian missionaries?
e) What does the poet think about ‘beauty’?
f) In what way will the travellers be blessed?
g) If at all he dies in the battle, how would the soldier like to be remembered?
h) What has formed the speaker’s blood?
i) What are the dramatic structures of a tragedy?
j) Which period is characterised by inflections?
Answer:
a) What did Benjy want the money?
Benjy wanted the money to buy a new Ford van. He worked as a driver and dreamed of owning his own vehicle so that he could earn independently and improve his living condition. The money represented his hope for a better and secure future.
b) Why were the intellectuals in India restless and embittered?
The intellectuals in India were restless and embittered because of social evils, blind superstitions and the backwardness of society. They felt frustrated by ignorance, poverty and lack of rational thinking, which hindered progress and national development.
c) Why does Lomov think that his is a critical age?
Lomov thinks that his age is critical because he suffers from poor health, heart trouble and nervous weakness. He believes that marriage is necessary at this stage of life to secure stability, care and social respectability.
d) What are Pearl S. Buck’s views on the Christian missionaries?
Pearl S. Buck criticizes Christian missionaries for trying to impose Western religious ideas on Chinese society. She feels they often fail to understand local culture and traditions and should focus more on humanitarian service than religious conversion.
e) What does the poet think about ‘beauty’?
The poet believes that beauty is eternal and everlasting. Unlike physical objects that fade with time, true beauty continues to give joy and peace. It has a soothing effect on the human mind and enriches life spiritually.
f) In what way will the travellers be blessed?
The travellers will be blessed with joy, peace and spiritual satisfaction. Their journey will enrich their hearts and souls, and they will gain wisdom and happiness through new experiences and a deeper understanding of life.
g) If at all he dies in the battle, how would the soldier like to be remembered?
The soldier wishes to be remembered as a part of England itself. He believes that his body, buried in foreign soil, will make it sacred because it will contain the dust of England and his loyal spirit.
h) What has formed the speaker’s blood?
The speaker’s blood has been formed by England. The country has shaped his thoughts, emotions, culture and values. England’s air, rivers and traditions have deeply influenced his life and identity.
i) What are the dramatic structures of a tragedy?
A tragedy usually has a structured plot that includes exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and catastrophe. It portrays the downfall of a tragic hero due to a fatal flaw, fate or circumstances, evoking pity and fear.
j) Which period is characterised by inflections?
The Old English period is characterised by inflections. During this time, grammatical relationships were shown through changes in word endings rather than word order, making the language highly inflectional.
6. Answer any three of the following in about 100–120 words :
a) Write the summary of any one of the following poems :
i) The Soldier
ii) Fire-Hymn
iii) Now the Leaves are Falling Fast
Answer:
Summary of “The Soldier”
“The Soldier” by Rupert Brooke is a patriotic poem in which the poet expresses his deep love for England. The speaker imagines his own death on a foreign land during war and feels proud that his body will make that land sacred because it contains the dust of England. He believes that England has given him life, culture, values and happiness. Even after death, his thoughts, dreams and soul will remain loyal to his motherland. The poem glorifies sacrifice for the nation and presents death in war as honorable and meaningful. It reflects idealism, nationalism and the emotional attachment of a soldier to his country.
OR
Summary of “Fire-Hymn”
“Fire-Hymn” by Keki N. Daruwalla presents fire as a powerful symbol of destruction as well as purification. The poem describes fire as a force that burns, destroys and cleanses at the same time. It reflects how violence and suffering spread destruction in human life, yet fire also has the power to renew and transform. The poet highlights the harsh reality of human existence where pain and destruction are unavoidable. At the same time, he suggests that through suffering, humanity can emerge purified and stronger. The poem carries a serious tone and makes the reader reflect on violence, renewal and the cycle of destruction and rebirth.
OR
Summary of “Now the Leaves are Falling Fast”
“Now the Leaves are Falling Fast” by W. H. Auden is a reflective poem about loss, separation and emotional emptiness. The falling leaves symbolize the fading of love, warmth and human relationships. The poet describes a sense of loneliness and fear as everything familiar seems to disappear. The natural imagery reflects the inner emotional state of the speaker, who feels helpless and vulnerable. The poem highlights the insecurity of human life and the inevitability of change. It suggests that love and comfort are temporary, and human beings must face solitude and uncertainty as an essential part of life.
b) Write the summary of any one of the following prose-pieces :
i) I Have a Dream
ii) A Pinch of Snuff
iii) The Earth
Answer:
Summary of “I Have a Dream”
“I Have a Dream” is a powerful and inspiring speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. against racial discrimination in America. In this speech, he highlights the injustice, inequality and suffering faced by African Americans despite the promise of freedom and equality. He reminds the nation that all human beings are created equal and deserve equal rights. King dreams of a future where people will not be judged by the color of their skin but by their character. He envisions a society based on freedom, justice, brotherhood and peace. The speech stresses the importance of non-violence, dignity and discipline in the struggle for civil rights. It motivates people to fight injustice with courage and faith in democracy.
OR
Summary of “A Pinch of Snuff”
“A Pinch of Snuff” by Shiga Naoya is a touching story centered on Nanukaka, an old man known for his habit of telling lies. The narrator takes responsibility for Nanukaka and treats him with care and sympathy. Nanukaka’s lies are harmless and arise more from habit than intention. The story highlights the narrator’s patience, compassion and understanding towards the elderly. Through simple events, the writer brings out the emotional bond between the narrator and Nanukaka. The prose piece emphasizes human values such as kindness, tolerance and respect for old people. It teaches that love and empathy are more important than judging others for their weaknesses.
OR
Summary of “The Earth”
“The Earth” focuses on the relationship between human beings and nature. The writer expresses concern over how humans exploit natural resources without thinking about the consequences. Due to greed, industrialization and pollution, the earth is being damaged severely. The prose reminds readers that the earth is the source of all life, providing food, shelter and sustenance. It urges people to realize their moral responsibility towards protecting the environment. The writer emphasizes the need for balance between development and conservation. By respecting nature and using resources wisely, humans can ensure a safe and healthy planet for future generations.
c) What are the difficulties faced by an Indian student in learning English ? OR Write a note on English as a second language. OR Write a note on American English.
Answer:
What are the difficulties faced by an Indian student in learning English?
An Indian student faces many difficulties in learning English because it is usually a second or foreign language. The biggest problem is the lack of an English-speaking environment, as most students communicate in their mother tongue at home and in society. Differences in pronunciation, stress and intonation create confusion. Limited vocabulary and weak grammatical foundation make speaking and writing difficult. Many students first think in their regional language and then translate into English, which causes errors. Fear of making mistakes and lack of confidence also act as barriers. Moreover, English teaching in many schools is exam-oriented rather than skill-based, giving little importance to speaking and listening practice. With regular exposure, practice and encouragement, these difficulties can be reduced.
OR
Write a note on English as a second language.
English is considered a second language in India because it is not the mother tongue of the majority of people, yet it is widely used in education, administration and professional life. It plays an important role in higher education, science, technology and international communication. Learning English as a second language helps students access global knowledge and improves career opportunities. However, since learners are more comfortable in their native languages, they need systematic teaching and continuous practice to master English. Classroom learning should focus on all four skills—listening, speaking, reading and writing. English as a second language acts as a link language in India and helps people from different linguistic backgrounds communicate effectively.
OR
Write a note on American English.
American English is one of the major varieties of the English language and is widely used in the United States. It differs from British English in pronunciation, spelling, vocabulary and usage. Words like “color,” “center” and “truck” are typical examples of American spelling and vocabulary. American English has been influenced by immigrant languages and modern culture, making it simple and practical in expression. Due to the global influence of American films, media, technology and education, American English has become popular worldwide. Today, many learners are familiar with American pronunciation and expressions. It plays a significant role in global communication and has enriched the English language.
d) Match the names of the poems given in List-A with their poets in List-B (List-B as answers):
| List-A | Answer (List-B) |
|---|---|
| i) Macavity : The Mystery Cat | c) T. S. Eliot |
| ii) Fire-Hymn | a) Keki N. Daruwala |
| iii) Snake | e) D. H. Lawrence |
| iv) To Autumn | b) John Keats |
| v) The Soldier | d) Rupert Brooke |
e) Translate any five into English :
i) डेढ़ बजे में अभी चार बजे हैं।
ii) क्या तुम कल स्कूल जाओगे ?
iii) मैं कल बाजार गया था।
iv) मैं आपसे मिलकर बहुत खुश हूँ।
v) रमेश अपनी नानी के पास रहता है।
vi) उसने तुम्हें क्यों मारा ?
vii) मुझे संस्कृत पढ़ना अच्छा लगता है।
viii) संगीता ने कल खाने में पुलाव बनाया था।
Answer:
i) It is four o’clock now.
ii) Will you go to school tomorrow?
iii) I went to the market yesterday.
iv) I am very happy to meet you.
v) Ramesh lives with his grandmother.
vi) Why did he beat you?
vii) I like studying Sanskrit.
viii) Sangeeta cooked pulao yesterday.
f) Match the names of the prose-pieces in List-A with their authors in List-B (List-B as answers):
| List-A | Answer (List-B) |
|---|---|
| i) Ideas That Have Helped Mankind | c) Bertrand Russell |
| ii) The Artist | a) Shiga Naoya |
| iii) How Free is the Press | d) Germaine Greer |
| iv) Bharat is My Home | b) Dr. Zakir Hussain |
| v) A Child is Born | e) Dorothy L. Sayers |
7. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Student life is very important in one’s life. This time can also be called the golden age because the future of a person depends on it. It is during this time that a person’s character is formed. A child does not have much understanding about the ways of the world. Student life is a time when there is no burden of human suffering. There is no burden on him and he enjoys his life to the fullest. That is why it is called the best and the golden age in a person’s life.
Questions :
a) Why is student life important ?
b) Why is student life called ‘the golden age’ ?
c) What does a person enjoy during student life ?
d) How does he enjoy life to the fullest ?
Answer:
a) Student life is important because a person’s future depends on it and his character is formed during this period.
b) Student life is called the golden age because it shapes the future of a person and is free from the burdens of life.
c) During student life, a person enjoys a carefree life without worries and responsibilities.
d) He enjoys life to the fullest because there is no burden of human suffering or responsibilities on him.
8. Write a précis of the following passage and give a suitable title :
The use of artificial intelligence is growing in various industries as AI systems are able to quickly and accurately analyze large amounts of data, identify patterns and trends, and make predictions. As these systems continue to evolve, they are likely to have a significant impact on many industries, leading to increased efficiency, cost savings and improved outcome for consumers.
Answer:
Title: Growing Impact of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is increasingly being used in various industries due to its ability to quickly and accurately analyze large volumes of data. It helps in identifying patterns, trends and making predictions, which supports better decision-making. As AI systems continue to develop, they are expected to significantly influence many industries by improving efficiency, reducing costs and enhancing outcomes for consumers.
